Article(id=1320166590772002868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320166220377215955, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1748707200000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792681842749, onlineDateStr=2026-10-22, pubDate=1780243200000, pubDateStr=2026-06-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792681842749, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792681842749, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792681842749, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320166220377215955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='514', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1780243200000', pubDateStr='2026-06-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792681754440, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792681754440, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=487, endPage=497, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320166590994300981, articleId=1320166590772002868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Analysis of Processing and Potential Quality Issues of Canned Marine Fish in China, columnId=1261343851327906245, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Reviews, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Canned marine fish are among the most common processed seafood products. They are valued for their high nutritional content, diverse flavors, long shelf life, and ease of consumption, making them highly popular with consumers. China entered relatively late into the marine fish canning industry, and its current canned marine fish production and storage processes are limited by quality deficiencies and food safety risks, hindering high-quality development. To address these shortfalls, in this study we focus on canned marine fish products and systematically compile information on commercially available products of various brands, analyze their primary processing techniques and critical control points, and identify common food safety hazards during production. Our aim is to provide a theoretical foundation and technical reference for optimizing processing techniques, thereby enhancing product quality and improving safety.

, authors=Saiqi GU1, Ruoxuan JIANG1, 2, Xuxia ZHOU1, Yuting DING1, *, Wangli DAI1, 3, *, Xinyu XU1, authorsList=Saiqi GU, Ruoxuan JIANG, Xuxia ZHOU, Yuting DING, Wangli DAI, Xinyu XU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yuting DING, Wangli DAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320166593515077690, articleId=1320166590772002868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=我国海水鱼罐头加工与潜在质量问题剖析, columnId=1261343852603031688, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=专题综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

海水鱼罐头是最常见的海产加工制品之一,具有营养丰富、风味多样、货架期长、食用便捷等优点,深受消费者欢迎。然而,我国海水鱼罐头产业起步较晚,当前在生产加工与贮藏环节仍存在一定的品质缺陷和食品安全风险,制约了行业的高质量发展。为此,本文以海水鱼罐头为研究对象,系统梳理了市售不同品牌产品的信息,分析其主要加工工艺及关键控制节点,归纳生产过程中常见的食品安全隐患,旨在为优化加工工艺、提升产品品质与安全性提供理论依据与技术参考。

, authors=顾赛麒1, 蒋若萱1, 2, 周绪霞1, 丁玉庭1, *, 戴王力1, 3, *, 徐心愉1, authorsList=顾赛麒, 蒋若萱, 周绪霞, 丁玉庭, 戴王力, 徐心愉, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=丁玉庭, 戴王力, authorNote=

顾赛麒(1984−),男,博士,副教授,研究方向:水产品加工与质量安全控制,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
丁玉庭(1963−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品加工、储藏与质量安全控制,E-mail:。
戴王力(1994−),男,博士,讲师,研究方向:水产品加工与质量安全控制,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=2rGvK42AVTA6zM+uXKQCUQ==, magXml=04aON8jmoKbKzUVGbFUSgQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=idkLStrL4j6qaLS/MCK8+g==, pdfFileSize=1463430, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Z4jHoOxk7Op7B1aH0TpItw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=BUgwdXImMdWoJkT2pU9JuA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320167211361219139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166590772002868, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=gusaiqi@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320167211570934341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166590772002868, authorId=1320167211361219139, language=EN, stringName=Saiqi GU, firstName=Saiqi, middleName=null, lastName=GU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320167211638043206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166590772002868, authorId=1320167211361219139, language=CN, stringName=顾赛麒, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1浙江工业大学食品科学与工程学院,浙江杭州 310014, bio={"content":"

顾赛麒(1984−),男,博士,副教授,研究方向:水产品加工与质量安全控制,E-mail:

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顾赛麒(1984−),男,博士,副教授,研究方向:水产品加工与质量安全控制,E-mail:

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Common domestic brands of canned marine fish and their products

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品牌产地罐头原料鱼品种罐头风味罐头材质
山东(14 家)
海佳佳山东威海带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
渔人百味山东威海金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、鲅鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、沙拉、蛋黄酱)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
广信联华山东威海金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、三文鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳗鱼、鲱鱼水浸(原味、茄汁、烟熏、味噌、酱油、辣酱);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、红烧、蒲烧、照烧)镀锡马口铁罐
海盗宝藏山东威海金枪鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
圣博山东威海鲭鱼、斑鰶鱼水浸(原味、茄汁、味噌、酱油);油浸(原味)镀锡马口铁罐
鲜捕头山东威海带鱼油浸(香辣、红烧)镀锡马口铁罐
鲜渔道山东烟台金枪鱼、鲅鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
海领冠山东烟台金枪鱼、鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
海悦源山东烟台金枪鱼、鲅鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
庞香斋山东泰安带鱼、黄花鱼、鰕虎鱼油浸(香辣、红烧)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
亚圣斋山东泰安鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(五香、香辣、红烧、鲜香、椒麻)玻璃罐、软罐
龙一山东青岛三文鱼、鲭鱼、鲅鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳕鱼油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、青花椒)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
战勤山东日照带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(原味、五香)镀锡马口铁罐
凯西家山东德州带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(香辣、红烧)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
辽宁(10 家)
远洋*辽宁大连金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、秋刀鱼、马哈鱼、鲐鱼、带鱼水浸(原味、红烧、蒲烧、蜜汁、酱油);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、辣味、茄汁、茄汁黄豆、豉香、剁椒、香酥)镀锡马口铁罐
獐子岛*辽宁大连鳗鱼水浸(蒲烧)镀锡马口铁罐
红塔辽宁大连金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、三文鱼、鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳄冰鱼油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、剁椒、鲜炸)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
三渔圣冈辽宁大连金枪鱼、三文鱼、鲅鱼、秋刀鱼、带鱼、鳗鱼、鳕鱼水浸(原味、蒲烧);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、红烧、沙拉、烧烤)镀锡马口铁罐
广瑞大龙渔辽宁大连金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、辣味)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
魁辽宁大连沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(香辣、茄汁、香酥)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
壮元海辽宁大连金枪鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
阿尔帝辽宁大连金枪鱼、三文鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味、香辣、红烧、豆豉、酱香、黑胡椒);
油浸(原味、香辣、烧烤)
镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
隽品湾辽宁丹东金枪鱼、三文鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(红烧、豆豉、酱香);油浸(香辣)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
比奇辽宁丹东沙丁鱼、鲱鱼油浸(茄汁)镀锡马口铁罐
福建(10 家)
古龙*福建厦门沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(原味、香辣、茄汁、豆豉、鲜炸)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
闽星福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(原味、五香、香辣、红烧、豆香、油香)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
画马石福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼、马面鱼、金线鱼油浸(红烧、豆豉、酱香、油香)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
喜家乐福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(原味、豆香)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐、软罐
乐隆隆福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(五香、香辣、酱香、豆香、藤椒)镀锡马口铁罐
开喜婆婆福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(香辣、红烧、酱香、油香、油焖)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
永利源福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(香辣、酱香、豆豉、油香、香焖)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
蓝湃福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
Q3福建漳州金枪鱼、沙丁鱼水浸(茄汁);油浸(原味、豆豉辣味、豆豉蒜味)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
中栈正晶牌福建漳州金枪鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味)镀锡马口铁罐
广东(9 家)
鹰金钱*广东广州金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼、鳗鱼水浸(原味、茄汁);油浸(原味、香辣、红烧、豆豉、香酥、黄豆)镀锡马口铁罐
甘竹*广东佛山带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(豆豉)镀锡马口铁罐
利盛隆广东汕头沙丁鱼、带鱼、鳀鱼、马鲛鱼油浸(秘制、咸味)玻璃罐
永汉一族广东汕头带鱼、双棘原黄姑鱼油浸(原味、咸味、麻辣)镀锡马口铁罐
简盛广东汕头沙丁鱼、鳀鱼油浸(潮汕风味)玻璃罐
鱼家香广东茂名金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳗鱼、马面鱼水浸(原味、茄汁);油浸(原味、香辣、红烧、豆豉、日式)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
丽仕皇冠广东揭阳金枪鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
金樱花广东中山沙丁鱼、黄鱼油浸(豆豉、油炸)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
双雄广东潮州沙丁鱼、带鱼油浸(原味、香辣)玻璃罐
浙江(4 家)
佳必可浙江宁波金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、三文鱼水浸(原味、茄汁、红烧、咖喱);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、烟熏、日式、蛋黄酱、贡椒)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
非常鱼块浙江宁波金枪鱼水浸(原味、青柠藤椒);油浸(原味、蔬菜)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
网易严选浙江宁波金枪鱼水浸(原味、酸辣);油浸(原味)镀锡马口铁罐
大洋世家浙江舟山金枪鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、香辣、辣味、豆豉、蔬菜、沙拉、麻辣)镀锡马口铁罐
其他(5 家)
林家铺子江苏徐州金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(茄汁);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、辣味、香酥、藤椒)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
梅林江苏徐州沙丁鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(茄汁);油浸(五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
北戴河河北秦皇岛金枪鱼、黄花鱼油浸(原味、辣味、海鲜)镀锡马口铁罐
同荣中国台湾金枪鱼、鲭鱼、秋刀鱼、鳗鱼、虱目鱼水浸(茄汁);油浸(原味、红烧、豆豉、辣味、黑胡椒、香笋)镀锡马口铁罐
日月棠中国台湾黄花鱼、鳗鱼水浸(五香、辣味、红烧);油浸(豆豉)镀锡马口铁罐
), ArticleFig(id=1320167215949787761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166590772002868, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

国内常见海水鱼罐头品牌及其产品

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品牌产地罐头原料鱼品种罐头风味罐头材质
山东(14 家)
海佳佳山东威海带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
渔人百味山东威海金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、鲅鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、沙拉、蛋黄酱)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
广信联华山东威海金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、三文鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳗鱼、鲱鱼水浸(原味、茄汁、烟熏、味噌、酱油、辣酱);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、红烧、蒲烧、照烧)镀锡马口铁罐
海盗宝藏山东威海金枪鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
圣博山东威海鲭鱼、斑鰶鱼水浸(原味、茄汁、味噌、酱油);油浸(原味)镀锡马口铁罐
鲜捕头山东威海带鱼油浸(香辣、红烧)镀锡马口铁罐
鲜渔道山东烟台金枪鱼、鲅鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
海领冠山东烟台金枪鱼、鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
海悦源山东烟台金枪鱼、鲅鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
庞香斋山东泰安带鱼、黄花鱼、鰕虎鱼油浸(香辣、红烧)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
亚圣斋山东泰安鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(五香、香辣、红烧、鲜香、椒麻)玻璃罐、软罐
龙一山东青岛三文鱼、鲭鱼、鲅鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳕鱼油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、青花椒)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
战勤山东日照带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(原味、五香)镀锡马口铁罐
凯西家山东德州带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(香辣、红烧)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
辽宁(10 家)
远洋*辽宁大连金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、秋刀鱼、马哈鱼、鲐鱼、带鱼水浸(原味、红烧、蒲烧、蜜汁、酱油);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、辣味、茄汁、茄汁黄豆、豉香、剁椒、香酥)镀锡马口铁罐
獐子岛*辽宁大连鳗鱼水浸(蒲烧)镀锡马口铁罐
红塔辽宁大连金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、三文鱼、鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳄冰鱼油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、剁椒、鲜炸)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
三渔圣冈辽宁大连金枪鱼、三文鱼、鲅鱼、秋刀鱼、带鱼、鳗鱼、鳕鱼水浸(原味、蒲烧);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、红烧、沙拉、烧烤)镀锡马口铁罐
广瑞大龙渔辽宁大连金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、茄汁、辣味)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
魁辽宁大连沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(香辣、茄汁、香酥)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
壮元海辽宁大连金枪鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
阿尔帝辽宁大连金枪鱼、三文鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(原味、香辣、红烧、豆豉、酱香、黑胡椒);
油浸(原味、香辣、烧烤)
镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
隽品湾辽宁丹东金枪鱼、三文鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(红烧、豆豉、酱香);油浸(香辣)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
比奇辽宁丹东沙丁鱼、鲱鱼油浸(茄汁)镀锡马口铁罐
福建(10 家)
古龙*福建厦门沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(原味、香辣、茄汁、豆豉、鲜炸)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
闽星福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(原味、五香、香辣、红烧、豆香、油香)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
画马石福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼、马面鱼、金线鱼油浸(红烧、豆豉、酱香、油香)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
喜家乐福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(原味、豆香)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐、软罐
乐隆隆福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(五香、香辣、酱香、豆香、藤椒)镀锡马口铁罐
开喜婆婆福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(香辣、红烧、酱香、油香、油焖)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
永利源福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼油浸(香辣、酱香、豆豉、油香、香焖)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
蓝湃福建泉州带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
Q3福建漳州金枪鱼、沙丁鱼水浸(茄汁);油浸(原味、豆豉辣味、豆豉蒜味)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
中栈正晶牌福建漳州金枪鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味)镀锡马口铁罐
广东(9 家)
鹰金钱*广东广州金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳀鱼、鳗鱼水浸(原味、茄汁);油浸(原味、香辣、红烧、豆豉、香酥、黄豆)镀锡马口铁罐
甘竹*广东佛山带鱼、黄花鱼油浸(豆豉)镀锡马口铁罐
利盛隆广东汕头沙丁鱼、带鱼、鳀鱼、马鲛鱼油浸(秘制、咸味)玻璃罐
永汉一族广东汕头带鱼、双棘原黄姑鱼油浸(原味、咸味、麻辣)镀锡马口铁罐
简盛广东汕头沙丁鱼、鳀鱼油浸(潮汕风味)玻璃罐
鱼家香广东茂名金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、鳗鱼、马面鱼水浸(原味、茄汁);油浸(原味、香辣、红烧、豆豉、日式)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
丽仕皇冠广东揭阳金枪鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐
金樱花广东中山沙丁鱼、黄鱼油浸(豆豉、油炸)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
双雄广东潮州沙丁鱼、带鱼油浸(原味、香辣)玻璃罐
浙江(4 家)
佳必可浙江宁波金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、三文鱼水浸(原味、茄汁、红烧、咖喱);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、烟熏、日式、蛋黄酱、贡椒)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
非常鱼块浙江宁波金枪鱼水浸(原味、青柠藤椒);油浸(原味、蔬菜)镀锡马口铁罐、软罐
网易严选浙江宁波金枪鱼水浸(原味、酸辣);油浸(原味)镀锡马口铁罐
大洋世家浙江舟山金枪鱼水浸(原味);油浸(原味、香辣、辣味、豆豉、蔬菜、沙拉、麻辣)镀锡马口铁罐
其他(5 家)
林家铺子江苏徐州金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(茄汁);油浸(原味、五香、香辣、辣味、香酥、藤椒)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
梅林江苏徐州沙丁鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼水浸(茄汁);油浸(五香、香辣)镀锡马口铁罐、玻璃罐
北戴河河北秦皇岛金枪鱼、黄花鱼油浸(原味、辣味、海鲜)镀锡马口铁罐
同荣中国台湾金枪鱼、鲭鱼、秋刀鱼、鳗鱼、虱目鱼水浸(茄汁);油浸(原味、红烧、豆豉、辣味、黑胡椒、香笋)镀锡马口铁罐
日月棠中国台湾黄花鱼、鳗鱼水浸(五香、辣味、红烧);油浸(豆豉)镀锡马口铁罐
), ArticleFig(id=1320167216025285234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166590772002868, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Analysis of common hazards in aquatic products and their products

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称国标检测方法来源国标限量过量危害例子
挥发性盐基氮、生物胺
挥发性盐基氮
TVB-N
GB 5009.228-2016①自身携带:鱼体酶和细菌作用下,分解蛋白质产生。
②腐败污染:鱼肉腐败产生的细菌分解蛋白质生成[18]。
30 mg/100 g[19]无直接危害,作为蛋白性食品新鲜度的指标,主要反映食品腐败程度。沙丁鱼检测超标:40.50 mg/100 g[20]
色胺
Tryptamine
GB 5009.208-2016①内源性途径:细胞代谢过程中,鱼体组织内合成产生并通过血液系统传递;也可通过醛或酮的氨基化和转胺作用产生;
②外源性途径:游离氨基酸在微生物所含的氨基酸脱羧酶的脱羧作用下产生。
鱼类中生物胺产生的主要途径为②,分别由色氨酸、苯丙氨酸、鸟氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、酪氨酸、亚精胺、腐胺经脱羧反应形成[21]。
—介导单胺受体,促进单胺类神经递质释放,影响神经、心血管系统[22]。—
苯乙胺
Phenethylamine
—介导单胺受体,引起损害,影响中枢神经系统,导致偏头痛、高血压、致幻、兴奋等症状[22]。—
腐胺
1,4-butanediamine
—促进CT-26结肠癌细胞生长,抑制胺氧化酶活性,阻碍肠道解毒功能,增加患癌
风险[22]。
—
尸胺
1,5-pentanediamine
—具有腐蚀性,会刺激眼睛、皮肤、呼吸道等,引起烧灼伤;经口腔摄入将破坏人体消化、心肺系统,严重可导致化学性肺炎甚至死亡[22]。—
组胺
Histamine
鱼类:200~
400 mg/kg[19]
鲐鱼、鲹鱼、沙丁鱼罐头
1000 mg/kg[23]
作为神经递质直接作用于神经元,与人体细胞膜上H1和H2受体作用发挥毒性,导致外周血管、毛细血管和动脉扩张,从而引起低血压、头痛等症状;诱导肠平滑肌收缩导致腹部痉挛、腹泻和呕吐等
症状[22,24]。
油浸金枪鱼罐头
检测超标:
34.30 mg/100 g[25]
酪胺
Tyramine
—引发来自交感神经系统的去甲肾上腺素释放,从而导致偏头痛、头痛以及血压上升等症状[22]。—
精胺
Spermine
—与硝酸盐反应可生成亚硝酸盐,从而降低血压、抑制凝血,引起呼吸道症状和神经毒性,导致肾功能不全,影响人体
代谢[22]。
—
亚精胺
Spermidine
—通过影响巨噬细胞调控癌症细胞的迁移,增加患癌风险[22]。—
微生物
假单胞菌
Pseudomonas
GB 4789.20-2024①自身携带:主要存在于鱼体表面、鱼鳃、鱼肠胃中,在加工过程中内脏和胃内积物容易破碎或溢出扩散至肌肉组织。
②加工污染:加工及贮存过程中,通过设备、包材以及加工环境均可能使微生物在罐头中生长、繁殖[26]。
鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
诱导谷氨酸乙酰化产生腐胺,从而引起肉类、水产品等变质,威胁人体健康[28];产生高含量的3-甲基丁醇、3-甲基丁醛、吲哚衍生物以及含酚的挥发性有机化合物,导致鱼肉及其制品产生异味[29]。冰藏三文鱼的特定腐败菌[30]
腐败希瓦氏菌
Shewanella putrifaciens
GB 4789.20-2024鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
诱导精氨酸脱羧产生腐胺,从而引起食物尤其是冷藏食品的腐败变质,也可引起人体软组织及皮肤感染[28];产生高含量的3-甲基丁醇或3-甲基丁醛,以及含硫化合物如H2S、甲烷硫醇和二甲基二硫醚等,导致鱼肉及其制品产生异味[29]。冷藏大黄鱼的特定腐败菌[31]
肠杆菌科细菌
Enterobacteriaceae
GB 4789.41-2016鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
黏附宿主细胞、形成生物被膜,夺取营养进行繁殖,抵抗补体系统和吞噬细胞的杀菌、溶菌作用,逃避宿主的免疫应答;通过多种毒力因子的相互作用引起疾病。如志贺毒素可导致出血性腹泻、腹痛、尿路感染等症状,严重可造成溶血性尿毒综合征[32]。—
蜂房哈夫尼菌
Hafnia alvei
GB 4789.20-2024鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
在室温中易产生组胺,引起肠道微生物失衡、免疫力下降;可引起多种感染,如腹泻、败血症、肺炎、肠热感染等。研究推测蜂房哈夫尼菌拥有毒力因子编码基因(eaeA)与人类腹泻有关,但作用机制尚不明确[33]。蜢虾酱和鱼露的主要腐败菌[33]
副溶血性弧菌
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
GB 4789.7-2013鱼类:100~
1000 MPN/g[34]
鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
产生多种毒力因子,其中TDH为最主要的致病因子,摄入后轻则腹泻,重则导致严重肠胃炎,还可引起伤口感染
及菌血症[35]。
水产及制品总超标率:25.45%[36]
沙门氏菌
Salmonella
GB 4789.4-2024鱼类:0[34]
鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
具有毒力机制,逃避防御细胞,繁殖并引起稳态紊乱,导致高菌血症;释放内毒素,刺激肠道、神经和血管,导致肠粘膜肿胀、渗出和脱落,引起呕吐、腹痛和腹泻等症状,还可致敏并引发局部炎症[37]。大西洋鲑鱼样本检出率:0.78%[38]
金黄色葡萄球菌
Staphylococcus aureus
GB 4789.10-2016鱼类:100~
1000 CFU/g[34]
鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
黏附宿主细胞、形成生物被膜,夺取营养进行繁殖,抵抗补体系统和吞噬细胞的杀菌、溶菌作用,逃避宿主的免疫应答;产生毒素或其他活性物质,损害细胞,引发疾病。摄入后可在6 h内引发食源性疾病,伴随恶心、呕吐、腹泻等症状,甚至导致败血症、脓毒症等[33]。鱼贝类阳性率:29.2%
生食鱼阳性率:45.1%
鱼制品阳性率:62.2%[39]
重金属
铅
Pb
GB 5009.12-2023①环境携带:土壤、水、矿物、植物中均能检出。通过食物、饮水、空气进入到生物体内。
②工业污染:工业排放“三废”中含有重金属,对周围环境和水体造成污染,经食物链在鱼体内富集。
③加工污染:经加工发生重金属迁移。加工中的配料、冰块、食盐均可导致重金属污染;包装、储存、运输和销售过程也可能引入污染[40]。
0.5 mg/kg[41]影响周围神经系统的运动功能和传导速度,导致感觉功能障碍;抑制血红蛋白合成,缩短红细胞寿命,导致贫血、心脏病等;通过损伤内分泌器官、毒化细胞、干扰酶作用等途径影响骨骼功能;导致染色体及DNA断裂,引起胚胎发育迟缓、畸形;抑制细胞内的含巯基酶从而影响人体生化、生理功能,引起小动脉痉挛,损伤毛细血管内皮细胞,阻碍能量代谢,导致卟啉代谢紊乱[40]。黄花鱼类罐头检测超标:0.91 mg/kg
金枪鱼类罐头检测超标:0.73 mg/kg
带鱼类罐头检测超标:0.85 mg/kg
沙丁鱼类罐头检测超标:0.66 mg/kg
鲭鱼类罐头检测超标:0.95 mg/kg[42]
镉
Cd
GB 5009.15-2023鱼类:0.1 mg/kg
鱼类罐头:
0.2 mg/kg[41]
因排泄缓慢,可对肾脏和肝脏造成巨大伤害,还可引起骨质疏松和软化;通过干扰膳食中铁的吸收和加速红细胞破坏引起贫血,甚至侵害免疫系统,继而引发
肿瘤[43]。
熟制水产品超标率:43.86%
水产品罐头超标率:4.00%
干制水产品超标率:39.73%[44]
汞(甲基汞)
Hg
GB 5009.17-2021鱼类:0.5~
1.7 mg/kg[41]
具有高神经毒性、致癌性,能选择性靶向脑和小脑皮质,导致神经元发育不良,可对脊椎动物造成神经苏醒、内分泌干扰和生殖毒性等[45]。黄花鱼类罐头检测超标:0.82 mg/kg
带鱼类罐头检测超标:0.86 mg/kg[42]
砷(无机砷)
As
GB 5009.11-20240.1 mg/kg[41]通过血循环作用于毛细血管壁,使其通透性增大,麻痹毛细血管,造成组织营养障碍,产生急性或慢性中毒;与人体细胞中酶系统的巯基结合,使细胞代谢失调,营养发生障碍,对神经细胞产生危害,引起神经衰弱、多发性神经炎等症状;通过皮肤黏膜吸收后,可对DNA造成损伤,干扰细胞分裂、增殖,从而引起皮肤病变,主要表现为高度色素沉着、角化,恶变可成为皮肤原位癌[40]。英国FAPAS鱼罐头
检测超标:
0.675 mg/kg[46]
铬
Cr
GB 5009.123-20232.0 mg/kg[41]六价铬进入细胞后在氧化还原酶和小分子的作用下形成不稳定物质,同时产生自由羟基、抗坏血酸、羰基自由基等破坏DNA;六价铬在细胞中还原为三价铬与细胞内大分子蛋白质及DNA相结合,引起遗传密码改变。其具有腐蚀性,可致癌并诱发基因突变,引发急性或慢性肺癌[47]。—
多氯联苯、双酚A
多氯联苯
PCBs
GB 5009.190-2014①工业污染:工业排污进入水体,经食物链在鱼体内富集。
②气候变化:加速土壤中污染的释放,再通过循环进入海洋。③加工污染:原料、设备、工艺等引入[48]。
20 μg/kg[41]影响胰岛素转运蛋白,导致葡萄糖抵抗,诱发糖尿病;具有激素作用,代谢产物可与雌激素受体有效结合,干扰内分泌系统及生殖功能;对机体内抗氧化作用的酶具有诱导作用,可直接作用于人体红细胞,引起脂质过氧化反应,影响生物抗氧化防御系统;可与生物体内蛋白质、DNA形成加合物的致突变作用,增加患癌风险[49]。美国鳗检测超标:7730 μg/kg
条纹鲈检测超标:3400 μg/kg[50]
双酚A
BPA
GB 31660.2-2019①工业污染:工业排污进入水体,经食物链在鱼体内富集。
②加工污染:罐材、设备、工艺等引入[51]。
—与雌激素、雄激素和甲状腺激素受体等相互作用,干扰内分泌;影响生殖、免疫和神经系统、代谢功能和后代发育;与前列腺癌、乳腺癌、肺癌等多种癌症的风险
增加[52]。
—
), ArticleFig(id=1320167216109171315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166590772002868, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

水产品及其制品中常见危害分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称国标检测方法来源国标限量过量危害例子
挥发性盐基氮、生物胺
挥发性盐基氮
TVB-N
GB 5009.228-2016①自身携带:鱼体酶和细菌作用下,分解蛋白质产生。
②腐败污染:鱼肉腐败产生的细菌分解蛋白质生成[18]。
30 mg/100 g[19]无直接危害,作为蛋白性食品新鲜度的指标,主要反映食品腐败程度。沙丁鱼检测超标:40.50 mg/100 g[20]
色胺
Tryptamine
GB 5009.208-2016①内源性途径:细胞代谢过程中,鱼体组织内合成产生并通过血液系统传递;也可通过醛或酮的氨基化和转胺作用产生;
②外源性途径:游离氨基酸在微生物所含的氨基酸脱羧酶的脱羧作用下产生。
鱼类中生物胺产生的主要途径为②,分别由色氨酸、苯丙氨酸、鸟氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、酪氨酸、亚精胺、腐胺经脱羧反应形成[21]。
—介导单胺受体,促进单胺类神经递质释放,影响神经、心血管系统[22]。—
苯乙胺
Phenethylamine
—介导单胺受体,引起损害,影响中枢神经系统,导致偏头痛、高血压、致幻、兴奋等症状[22]。—
腐胺
1,4-butanediamine
—促进CT-26结肠癌细胞生长,抑制胺氧化酶活性,阻碍肠道解毒功能,增加患癌
风险[22]。
—
尸胺
1,5-pentanediamine
—具有腐蚀性,会刺激眼睛、皮肤、呼吸道等,引起烧灼伤;经口腔摄入将破坏人体消化、心肺系统,严重可导致化学性肺炎甚至死亡[22]。—
组胺
Histamine
鱼类:200~
400 mg/kg[19]
鲐鱼、鲹鱼、沙丁鱼罐头
1000 mg/kg[23]
作为神经递质直接作用于神经元,与人体细胞膜上H1和H2受体作用发挥毒性,导致外周血管、毛细血管和动脉扩张,从而引起低血压、头痛等症状;诱导肠平滑肌收缩导致腹部痉挛、腹泻和呕吐等
症状[22,24]。
油浸金枪鱼罐头
检测超标:
34.30 mg/100 g[25]
酪胺
Tyramine
—引发来自交感神经系统的去甲肾上腺素释放,从而导致偏头痛、头痛以及血压上升等症状[22]。—
精胺
Spermine
—与硝酸盐反应可生成亚硝酸盐,从而降低血压、抑制凝血,引起呼吸道症状和神经毒性,导致肾功能不全,影响人体
代谢[22]。
—
亚精胺
Spermidine
—通过影响巨噬细胞调控癌症细胞的迁移,增加患癌风险[22]。—
微生物
假单胞菌
Pseudomonas
GB 4789.20-2024①自身携带:主要存在于鱼体表面、鱼鳃、鱼肠胃中,在加工过程中内脏和胃内积物容易破碎或溢出扩散至肌肉组织。
②加工污染:加工及贮存过程中,通过设备、包材以及加工环境均可能使微生物在罐头中生长、繁殖[26]。
鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
诱导谷氨酸乙酰化产生腐胺,从而引起肉类、水产品等变质,威胁人体健康[28];产生高含量的3-甲基丁醇、3-甲基丁醛、吲哚衍生物以及含酚的挥发性有机化合物,导致鱼肉及其制品产生异味[29]。冰藏三文鱼的特定腐败菌[30]
腐败希瓦氏菌
Shewanella putrifaciens
GB 4789.20-2024鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
诱导精氨酸脱羧产生腐胺,从而引起食物尤其是冷藏食品的腐败变质,也可引起人体软组织及皮肤感染[28];产生高含量的3-甲基丁醇或3-甲基丁醛,以及含硫化合物如H2S、甲烷硫醇和二甲基二硫醚等,导致鱼肉及其制品产生异味[29]。冷藏大黄鱼的特定腐败菌[31]
肠杆菌科细菌
Enterobacteriaceae
GB 4789.41-2016鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
黏附宿主细胞、形成生物被膜,夺取营养进行繁殖,抵抗补体系统和吞噬细胞的杀菌、溶菌作用,逃避宿主的免疫应答;通过多种毒力因子的相互作用引起疾病。如志贺毒素可导致出血性腹泻、腹痛、尿路感染等症状,严重可造成溶血性尿毒综合征[32]。—
蜂房哈夫尼菌
Hafnia alvei
GB 4789.20-2024鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
在室温中易产生组胺,引起肠道微生物失衡、免疫力下降;可引起多种感染,如腹泻、败血症、肺炎、肠热感染等。研究推测蜂房哈夫尼菌拥有毒力因子编码基因(eaeA)与人类腹泻有关,但作用机制尚不明确[33]。蜢虾酱和鱼露的主要腐败菌[33]
副溶血性弧菌
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
GB 4789.7-2013鱼类:100~
1000 MPN/g[34]
鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
产生多种毒力因子,其中TDH为最主要的致病因子,摄入后轻则腹泻,重则导致严重肠胃炎,还可引起伤口感染
及菌血症[35]。
水产及制品总超标率:25.45%[36]
沙门氏菌
Salmonella
GB 4789.4-2024鱼类:0[34]
鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
具有毒力机制,逃避防御细胞,繁殖并引起稳态紊乱,导致高菌血症;释放内毒素,刺激肠道、神经和血管,导致肠粘膜肿胀、渗出和脱落,引起呕吐、腹痛和腹泻等症状,还可致敏并引发局部炎症[37]。大西洋鲑鱼样本检出率:0.78%[38]
金黄色葡萄球菌
Staphylococcus aureus
GB 4789.10-2016鱼类:100~
1000 CFU/g[34]
鱼类罐头:商业
无菌[27]
黏附宿主细胞、形成生物被膜,夺取营养进行繁殖,抵抗补体系统和吞噬细胞的杀菌、溶菌作用,逃避宿主的免疫应答;产生毒素或其他活性物质,损害细胞,引发疾病。摄入后可在6 h内引发食源性疾病,伴随恶心、呕吐、腹泻等症状,甚至导致败血症、脓毒症等[33]。鱼贝类阳性率:29.2%
生食鱼阳性率:45.1%
鱼制品阳性率:62.2%[39]
重金属
铅
Pb
GB 5009.12-2023①环境携带:土壤、水、矿物、植物中均能检出。通过食物、饮水、空气进入到生物体内。
②工业污染:工业排放“三废”中含有重金属,对周围环境和水体造成污染,经食物链在鱼体内富集。
③加工污染:经加工发生重金属迁移。加工中的配料、冰块、食盐均可导致重金属污染;包装、储存、运输和销售过程也可能引入污染[40]。
0.5 mg/kg[41]影响周围神经系统的运动功能和传导速度,导致感觉功能障碍;抑制血红蛋白合成,缩短红细胞寿命,导致贫血、心脏病等;通过损伤内分泌器官、毒化细胞、干扰酶作用等途径影响骨骼功能;导致染色体及DNA断裂,引起胚胎发育迟缓、畸形;抑制细胞内的含巯基酶从而影响人体生化、生理功能,引起小动脉痉挛,损伤毛细血管内皮细胞,阻碍能量代谢,导致卟啉代谢紊乱[40]。黄花鱼类罐头检测超标:0.91 mg/kg
金枪鱼类罐头检测超标:0.73 mg/kg
带鱼类罐头检测超标:0.85 mg/kg
沙丁鱼类罐头检测超标:0.66 mg/kg
鲭鱼类罐头检测超标:0.95 mg/kg[42]
镉
Cd
GB 5009.15-2023鱼类:0.1 mg/kg
鱼类罐头:
0.2 mg/kg[41]
因排泄缓慢,可对肾脏和肝脏造成巨大伤害,还可引起骨质疏松和软化;通过干扰膳食中铁的吸收和加速红细胞破坏引起贫血,甚至侵害免疫系统,继而引发
肿瘤[43]。
熟制水产品超标率:43.86%
水产品罐头超标率:4.00%
干制水产品超标率:39.73%[44]
汞(甲基汞)
Hg
GB 5009.17-2021鱼类:0.5~
1.7 mg/kg[41]
具有高神经毒性、致癌性,能选择性靶向脑和小脑皮质,导致神经元发育不良,可对脊椎动物造成神经苏醒、内分泌干扰和生殖毒性等[45]。黄花鱼类罐头检测超标:0.82 mg/kg
带鱼类罐头检测超标:0.86 mg/kg[42]
砷(无机砷)
As
GB 5009.11-20240.1 mg/kg[41]通过血循环作用于毛细血管壁,使其通透性增大,麻痹毛细血管,造成组织营养障碍,产生急性或慢性中毒;与人体细胞中酶系统的巯基结合,使细胞代谢失调,营养发生障碍,对神经细胞产生危害,引起神经衰弱、多发性神经炎等症状;通过皮肤黏膜吸收后,可对DNA造成损伤,干扰细胞分裂、增殖,从而引起皮肤病变,主要表现为高度色素沉着、角化,恶变可成为皮肤原位癌[40]。英国FAPAS鱼罐头
检测超标:
0.675 mg/kg[46]
铬
Cr
GB 5009.123-20232.0 mg/kg[41]六价铬进入细胞后在氧化还原酶和小分子的作用下形成不稳定物质,同时产生自由羟基、抗坏血酸、羰基自由基等破坏DNA;六价铬在细胞中还原为三价铬与细胞内大分子蛋白质及DNA相结合,引起遗传密码改变。其具有腐蚀性,可致癌并诱发基因突变,引发急性或慢性肺癌[47]。—
多氯联苯、双酚A
多氯联苯
PCBs
GB 5009.190-2014①工业污染:工业排污进入水体,经食物链在鱼体内富集。
②气候变化:加速土壤中污染的释放,再通过循环进入海洋。③加工污染:原料、设备、工艺等引入[48]。
20 μg/kg[41]影响胰岛素转运蛋白,导致葡萄糖抵抗,诱发糖尿病;具有激素作用,代谢产物可与雌激素受体有效结合,干扰内分泌系统及生殖功能;对机体内抗氧化作用的酶具有诱导作用,可直接作用于人体红细胞,引起脂质过氧化反应,影响生物抗氧化防御系统;可与生物体内蛋白质、DNA形成加合物的致突变作用,增加患癌风险[49]。美国鳗检测超标:7730 μg/kg
条纹鲈检测超标:3400 μg/kg[50]
双酚A
BPA
GB 31660.2-2019①工业污染:工业排污进入水体,经食物链在鱼体内富集。
②加工污染:罐材、设备、工艺等引入[51]。
—与雌激素、雄激素和甲状腺激素受体等相互作用,干扰内分泌;影响生殖、免疫和神经系统、代谢功能和后代发育;与前列腺癌、乳腺癌、肺癌等多种癌症的风险
增加[52]。
—
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我国海水鱼罐头加工与潜在质量问题剖析
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顾赛麒 1 , 蒋若萱 1, 2 , 周绪霞 1 , 丁玉庭 1, * , 戴王力 1, 3, * , 徐心愉 1
食品工业科技 | 专题综述 2026,47(11): 487-497
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食品工业科技 |专题综述 2026 , 47 (11) : 487 -497
我国海水鱼罐头加工与潜在质量问题剖析
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顾赛麒1 , 蒋若萱1, 2, 周绪霞1, 丁玉庭1, * , 戴王力1, 3, * , 徐心愉1
作者信息
  • 1浙江工业大学食品科学与工程学院,浙江杭州 310014
  • 2舟山市市场监督管理局普陀分局,浙江舟山 316100
  • 3浙江树人学院生物与环境工程学院,浙江杭州 310015
通讯作者:
丁玉庭(1963−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品加工、储藏与质量安全控制,E-mail:。
戴王力(1994−),男,博士,讲师,研究方向:水产品加工与质量安全控制,E-mail:。
作者简介:

顾赛麒(1984−),男,博士,副教授,研究方向:水产品加工与质量安全控制,E-mail:

Analysis of Processing and Potential Quality Issues of Canned Marine Fish in China
Saiqi GU1 , Ruoxuan JIANG1, 2, Xuxia ZHOU1, Yuting DING1, * , Wangli DAI1, 3, * , Xinyu XU1
Affiliations
  • 1College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
  • 2Market Supervision Administration of Zhoushan Municipality Putuo Branch, Zhoushan 316100, China
  • 3College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
出版时间: 2026-06-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060008
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海水鱼罐头是最常见的海产加工制品之一,具有营养丰富、风味多样、货架期长、食用便捷等优点,深受消费者欢迎。然而,我国海水鱼罐头产业起步较晚,当前在生产加工与贮藏环节仍存在一定的品质缺陷和食品安全风险,制约了行业的高质量发展。为此,本文以海水鱼罐头为研究对象,系统梳理了市售不同品牌产品的信息,分析其主要加工工艺及关键控制节点,归纳生产过程中常见的食品安全隐患,旨在为优化加工工艺、提升产品品质与安全性提供理论依据与技术参考。

海水鱼  /  罐头  /  加工工艺  /  水产品品质  /  食品安全

Canned marine fish are among the most common processed seafood products. They are valued for their high nutritional content, diverse flavors, long shelf life, and ease of consumption, making them highly popular with consumers. China entered relatively late into the marine fish canning industry, and its current canned marine fish production and storage processes are limited by quality deficiencies and food safety risks, hindering high-quality development. To address these shortfalls, in this study we focus on canned marine fish products and systematically compile information on commercially available products of various brands, analyze their primary processing techniques and critical control points, and identify common food safety hazards during production. Our aim is to provide a theoretical foundation and technical reference for optimizing processing techniques, thereby enhancing product quality and improving safety.

marine fish  /  can  /  processing techniques  /  aquatic product quality  /  food safety
顾赛麒, 蒋若萱, 周绪霞, 丁玉庭, 戴王力, 徐心愉. 我国海水鱼罐头加工与潜在质量问题剖析. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (11) : 487 -497 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060008
Saiqi GU, Ruoxuan JIANG, Xuxia ZHOU, Yuting DING, Wangli DAI, Xinyu XU. Analysis of Processing and Potential Quality Issues of Canned Marine Fish in China[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (11) : 487 -497 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060008
海水鱼罐头因其风味鲜美、货架期长、便于携带,已成为全球接受度最高的鱼类深加工产品之一,在水产制品市场中占据重要地位。其主要以金枪鱼、沙丁鱼、鲭鱼、带鱼等海水鱼类为原料,经过预处理、调味、排气密封、杀菌和冷却等工艺加工而成。虽然我国海水鱼罐头产业起步较晚,较日本及欧美等发达国家存在差距,但近年来发展迅速,目前已有超过50个国内知名品牌,且产量逐年增长。然而,在原料鲜度控制、加工工艺优化、生产环境管理、机械设备水平及储运条件等方面仍存在不足,导致产品在加工流通过程中可能面临微生物污染、营养流失及有害物质生成等质量安全隐患(图1)。目前,国内对不同品牌、工艺及味型海水鱼罐头的系统对比研究较为缺乏,尤其在危害物质的形成机制、限量标准及检测方法等方面研究仍不完善。为此,本文系统梳理了国内海水鱼罐头的产品特征与关键加工工艺,分析其潜在安全风险,旨在为企业优化生产流程、提升产品质量与安全性提供理论依据和技术参考。
目前,市面上常见的国产海水鱼罐头品牌已超过50家,其中包括远洋、古龙、鹰金钱、甘竹、獐子岛5个国家级驰名商标。不同品牌产品在原料鱼种选择、调味风格及包装形式等方面呈现出明显差异,反映出我国海水鱼罐头市场的多样化发展趋势。表1对主要品牌的原料类型、风味特点与包装形式等产品特征进行了系统归纳与比较,为后续加工工艺与品质评价研究提供基础信息支持。
我国海水鱼罐头产业呈现出显著的地理集聚特征,主要集中在山东、福建、辽宁、浙江和广东等沿海省份。2023年,以上5省海水产品加工产量位居全国前列,其中山东省水产罐制品产量达到12.7万吨,位居首位[1]。这种空间集聚主要受到海洋资源、港口条件、加工基础和经济政策等多重因素的共同驱动。沿海地区邻近舟山、黄渤海、南海、辽东湾等重要渔场,处于大陆架区域,具备阳光充足、营养盐丰富、水流通畅和温度适宜等自然优势,有利于带鱼、黄花鱼、鲭鱼等暖水性海水鱼的生长和繁殖,形成稳定的原料供应链。同时,沈家门、石岛、三沙等大型渔港集群分布密集,捕捞至加工运输最快仅需约20 h。虽然海水鱼常以−18 ℃以下冷冻方式运输,但研究表明,冷冻过程中冰晶形成会损害鱼肉鲜度[2],因此缩短运输时间有助于提升产品品质。此外,沿海地区工业化起步较早,加工业基础雄厚。我国海水鱼罐头生产可追溯至清末,最初以人工处理、盐渍和煮沸杀菌为主,至20世纪50年代,江苏梅林、大连圣诺、辽宁红塔等国营罐头厂实现机械化生产,80年代起高频焊罐和高压灭菌等现代技术逐步普及。当前,这些沿海省份均处于长三角、珠三角和环渤海经济圈内,享有自由贸易和政策扶持优势,有利于新技术和高端人才的集聚,推动产业升级与国际化发展。以宁波佳必可公司为代表的外向型企业,其海水鱼罐头产品已出口至欧美、东南亚等地区的数十个国家,充分体现出我国海水鱼罐头产业的竞争力与全球化趋势。
海水鱼罐头的研发需综合经济效益、感官品质及营养价值等多重因素,主要选用产量大且营养丰富的经济鱼种作为原料,包括带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)、小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)、金枪鱼(Thunnus spp.)、鲭鱼和沙丁鱼等。带鱼作为我国捕捞量最大的海洋经济鱼类,年产量达910275吨[1],分布广泛,主要产自山东、辽宁、浙江等地。由于其深海生境特性,捕捞后压力骤变导致成活率低,且市场价格较低,鲜销过程中易产生损耗,罐头加工能有效延长货架期并提升经济价值。小黄鱼虽具高产优势,但贮藏过程中易因不饱和脂肪酸氧化产生醛、酮等挥发性物质,导致风味衰减和异味增强[3],通过油炸、红烧等调味工艺可有效掩盖腥味并塑造特色风味。金枪鱼因其丰富的种类、稳定的捕捞量及卓越的营养价值,被誉为“海洋黄金”,广泛应用于全球海水鱼罐头产业。美国金枪鱼罐头标准(Safety Operating Information,SOI)列举了14种适宜罐头加工的金枪鱼[4],其中鲣鱼因产量大、价格低廉占据市场主导,黄鳍和蓝鳍金枪鱼则满足消费升级需求。我国远洋捕捞的金枪鱼占比达15.51%[1],构建了稳定的原料供应链。此外,金枪鱼富含二十碳五烯酸(Eicosapentaenoic Acid,EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(Docosahexaenoic Acid,DHA)及牛磺酸等多种功能性营养素,被世界营养组织评为三大推荐营养鱼类之一,兼具经济与营养双重优势。
海水鱼罐头根据加工工艺可分为清蒸类、油浸类和调味类三种类型。清蒸类采用水浸工艺,以水为浸泡液,主要调味料为盐、糖和味精,避免添加油脂,脂肪含量较低(≤3 g/100 g),符合GB 28050-2011关于低脂食品的标准。该类产品因仅使用单一调味料,最大程度保留了海水鱼的原始风味特征,便于消费者根据个人喜好进行二次加工。油浸类则以食用油(如葵花籽油、大豆油、橄榄油等)为介质浸泡,能够改善鱼肉质构并抑制脂质氧化,有研究表明,添加特级初榨橄榄油的金枪鱼罐头抗氧化能力(20.4%)显著优于添加葵花籽油(3.5%)和精炼橄榄油(9.2%)的产品[5],该类罐头在感官品质上更具优势,市场接受度较高。调味类产品通过复合调味料配方,达到掩盖腥味、修饰颜色、丰富口感和增加营养的效果。例如,采用3%豆瓣酱和10%香菇的调味汁能够有效去除金枪鱼罐头的鱼腥味,提升滋味协调性和感官品质[6]。此外,以番茄酱为主要调味品的茄汁风味产品不仅能改善风味,还富含类胡萝卜素、维生素C、叶酸和类黄酮等营养成分,其中番茄红素的抗自由基作用显著优于β-胡萝卜素,且番茄酱中的营养物质比新鲜番茄更易被人体吸收[7]。调味类工艺通过创新多样的风味(如潮汕风味沙丁鱼罐头等),有效打破产品同质化,形成新的消费增长点,成为行业发展的重要方向。
海水鱼罐头包装材料的选择需综合考虑内容物特性、运输条件及贮存要求等因素。目前主要采用金属、玻璃及软包装三类材料,其中马口铁罐(铁罐)因其优异的功能性与经济性成为主流(见表1)。马口铁罐具有卓越的阻隔性能,能够有效阻隔光照、水分和氧气,控制产品氧气残留量≤3%[8],从而阻断光诱导的氧化反应,抑制微生物生长及脂质氧化[9],显著保持产品品质。与软包装相比,马口铁罐显著延长了产品保质期,例如佳必可品牌水浸金枪鱼罐头采用铁罐包装,保质期可达36个月,而软罐包装仅为18个月。此外,马口铁罐具备优良的机械性能,强度高且刚性好,不易破裂,运输损耗率低于玻璃和软包装,适合长途运输及堆叠储存。考虑可持续发展方面,马口铁罐可通过磁吸进行分离,回收率高达80%,显著高于玻璃、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene Terephthalate,PET)等材料,其回收利用的经济效益也更为显著[10]。相比之下,玻璃包装虽然化学稳定性良好,但存在重量大、易碎及透光性导致品质劣化等缺陷;软包装虽轻便但阻隔性能和机械强度不足,易导致渗漏和氧化变质,限制了其应用范围。综上,马口铁罐因其综合优势,成为海水鱼罐头包装的首选材料。
目前,海水鱼罐头的生产技术和工艺流程日益成熟,主要包括原料处理、调味、杀菌及密封等关键步骤(见图2)。
在海水鱼罐头的加工过程中,调味、热处理与热杀菌工艺共同决定了产品的感官品质与安全性。其中,调味工艺在提升风味和延长保质期方面具有关键作用。通过科学配比单一与复合调味料,可协同调控风味表现与品质稳定性。在单一调味料中,精制食盐不仅通过肌动球蛋白的洗脱作用去腥嫩化,还具有抑菌效果,并增强鱼肉的鲜味和咸味[11];白砂糖除了具备除腥提鲜的功能,其焦糖化反应还赋予罐头制品红润亮泽的色泽;酱油富含谷氨酸、肌苷酸和鸟苷酸等风味核苷酸,可显著提升鲜味、改善营养结构与外观;而食醋通过调节体系pH,有效抑制腐败微生物的生长,进一步减弱腥味[6]。复合调味料的协同效应可显著抑制微生物繁殖及脂质、蛋白质的氧化过程[12]。例如,大蒜汁、黄酒与白酒均表现出一定的抑菌能力,尤其是5%浓度的大蒜汁对摩根氏菌、变形杆菌、芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有显著抑制作用[13]。因此,调味配方的精准设计不仅能提升风味与外观,还能增强产品的质量稳定性与贮藏安全性。
热处理作为鱼类制品加工的核心工艺,主要通过蛋白质变性和风味前体转化改善感官品质。研究显示,115 ℃热处理可使秋刀鱼中腥味主导的醛类和酮类物质分别减少27.25%和6.46%,显著减弱水产品的特征性腥味[14]。然而,热加工温度的选择需权衡品质与安全性:过高温度易引起鱼肉营养成分流失、组织结构破坏与持水力下降,而温度不足则难以完全灭活致病菌和寄生虫。不同热处理方式对营养保持的影响存在显著差异。例如,清蒸处理相比于油煎和油炸等含油工艺,更能有效保留鱼体的不饱和脂肪酸,控制水分损失及脂肪增加。据报道,鲜鱼油炸6 min后水分含量下降10%,脂肪含量上升13%,同时磷脂类成分如卵磷脂(Phosphatidylcholine,PC)与脑磷脂(Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine,PE)分别下降约40%与35%[15]。因此,综合营养保持与加工可行性,清蒸成为海水鱼罐头生产中的优选工艺。
热杀菌作为传统且有效的灭菌手段,是保障海水鱼罐头微生物安全与延长货架期的关键环节。杀菌温度与时间对产品质量具有直接影响,过度杀菌可能引起风味劣变、营养破坏和口感下降。张彪等[16]研究表明,在相同杀菌强度下,鲅鱼罐头加热时间由39 min延长至99 min,其TVB-N值显著上升(约增加31 mg/kg),伴随蛋白质结构破坏及褐变加剧。因此,提高杀菌温度的同时应适当缩短处理时间以平衡杀菌效果与品质保持。近年来,超高压、微波辅助热杀菌和辐照杀菌等新兴技术逐步应用于食品加工。相关研究显示,微波辅助热杀菌在降低腥味物质、保持不饱和脂肪酸方面优于超高压处理。刘明宇等[17]的对比研究指出,贮藏6 个月后,秋刀鱼软罐头中不饱和脂肪酸含量在微波辅助热杀菌处理后下降28.9%,而超高压杀菌后下降42.5%,并伴随更高的腥味物质残留。综合评价来看,热杀菌仍是当前海水鱼罐头加工中最成熟可靠的灭菌方式,合理优化其工艺参数对于实现高效杀菌与品质协同保障具有重要意义。
除品质控制外,海水鱼罐头生产过程中还面临多种安全风险,涉及物理、化学和生物等多方面的质量危害。从生产实践及国家监管标准角度出发,主要关注的食品安全问题包括生物胺积累、微生物污染及重金属残留等几大类(见表2)。
生物胺(Biogenic Amines,BAs)是海水鱼及其制品中主要的食品安全隐患之一,主要由游离氨基酸经微生物脱羧酶催化生成,包括色胺、苯乙胺、腐胺、尸胺、组胺、酪胺、精胺和亚精胺等多种类型。其中,组胺因其较强的毒性备受关注,已有研究表明摄入超过40 mg的组胺即可引发中等程度的中毒症状[53]。青皮红肉鱼类如金枪鱼和沙丁鱼,由于肌肉中肌红蛋白、血红蛋白及组氨酸含量较高,且皮肤较薄易受微生物侵染,易发生脱羧反应导致组胺生成[25]。国家标准GB 2733-2015和GB 7098-2015对海水鱼及海水鱼罐头中的组胺含量做出明确限量规定,其中高组胺鱼类限值为≤400 mg/kg,其他海水鱼类为≤200 mg/kg,鲐鱼、鲹鱼及沙丁鱼罐头限值为≤1000 mg/kg[19,23]。当前检测技术中,GB 5009.208-2016规定的液相色谱法可同时检测9 种生物胺,而分光光度法主要用于组胺的定量检测。戴志英等[25]采用分光光度法测定油浸金枪鱼罐头和红烧鲅鱼罐头中的组胺含量,分别为34.30 mg/100 g和34.05 mg/100 g。由于微生物脱羧酶的活性,生物胺含量会随着微生物数量和种类的变化而升高。研究显示,金枪鱼罐头中组胺含量随加工时间延长显著增加,且在原料验收、原料处理、预蒸煮、配料填充和封罐等关键环节存在较大风险。通过实施危害分析(Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point,HACCP)体系,降低成品微生物总量约49%,可使组胺含量同步下降约57%,显著提升产品安全性和品质[54]。
海水鱼罐头中的微生物危害主要来源于原料本身携带的菌群或加工过程中产生的交叉污染,依其对产品质量与安全的影响,可分为致腐菌与致病菌两大类。根据GB 7098-2015《罐头食品卫生规范》,海水鱼罐头应达到商业无菌的要求,不得检出致病菌及在常温下可繁殖的非致病菌[23]。海水鱼中的致腐菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主,常见种类包括假单胞菌(Pseudomonas spp.)、腐败希瓦氏菌(Shewanella putrefaciens)及肠杆菌(Enterobacteriaceae)等。新鲜鱼体组织通常为无菌状态,但鱼体表黏液、鳃部及消化道中常带有一定数量的致腐菌。蒋倩倩等[55]对冰藏鲐鱼的微生物组成进行检测发现,完整鱼样中可检出肠杆菌,而去除内脏或处理成鱼片后,肠杆菌未被检出。此类微生物可通过诱导鱼体内生物胺、有机酸、醛类与醇类等代谢产物的生成,引发腐败和异味,进而降低产品质量并可能对人体健康造成潜在威胁。
需要指出的是,不同微生物的致腐能力存在差异。部分在整个腐败过程中持续存在并主导变质反应的微生物被称为优势腐败菌(Specific Spoilage Organisms,SSO)。研究表明,海水鱼的SSO受鱼种、生长环境及加工贮存方式等因素影响。例如,新鲜海水鱼的SSO多为Shewanella putrefaciens,冷藏条件下以假单胞菌为主,而加工过程中或受水体污染的鱼类中则常以肠杆菌为SSO[26]。另一方面,海水鱼罐头中的致病菌主要包括副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)、沙门氏菌(Salmonella spp.)及金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)等。这些病原菌通常携带多种毒力因子,可协同致病,引发食源性中毒,表现为呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等临床症状。根据GB 29921-2013《食品中致病菌限量》规定,水产制品中副溶血弧菌与金黄色葡萄球菌的可接受限量分别为100 MPN/g与100 CFU/g,最高限量为1000 MPN/g与1000 CFU/g;而沙门氏菌则不得检出[34]。近年来的监测数据显示,海水鱼制品中致病菌污染问题仍不容忽视。2016~2018年,浙江省文成县水产制品中副溶血弧菌超标率达25.45%[36];2019~2021年,上海市市场监管部门共检出114批次副溶血弧菌不合格产品[38]。此外,海水鱼罐头的生产过程中亦存在多处潜在的致病菌污染风险。杨叶辉等[56]在对鲭鱼罐头生产工艺的调查中指出:封罐环节若密封不良,易造成后续的二次污染;杀菌环节中若温度或时间控制不当,则无法实现致病菌的完全灭活;冷却过程中若冷却水中余氯不足,也可能导致产品受到致病菌交叉污染。
海水鱼罐头重金属污染问题主要涉及铅、镉、汞、铬及类金属砷,其来源包括环境携带、工业污染、加工环节污染等,其中工业污染带来的危害最为显著。国家市场监督局近年数据显示,多地海产品重金属超标事件频发。2022年全国水产品及加工品不合格数量为1856批次,铅超标276批次,占比14.87%;镉超标788批次,占比42.46%[57]。工业污染是核心诱因:铅污染主要源于电池、涂料等行业"三废"排放,通过水体循环在鱼体内富集;镉污染则与磷肥生产、有色金属冶炼及塑料制品焚烧相关,其中硫铁矿制硫酸、铅锌矿冶炼等工业废水中Cd含量较高;砷污染主要关联含砷农药、矿产冶炼及燃煤过程;甲基汞则多源自汞矿开采、污水排放及厌氧环境转化[40]。对于工业排放造成的重金属污染,不同鱼种对各类重金属的富集能力也有所不同,刘茜等[42]检测60份海水鱼罐头发现,As、Hg、Pb、Cd检出率均为100%,其中桂花鱼类As含量最高,金枪鱼、带鱼类含Hg量最高,鲭鱼类含Pb量最高,鲮鱼类含Cd量最高。还有研究表明,海水鱼中的总汞含量普遍要高于淡水鱼,这可能与海洋中食物链更长,生物富集能力更强有关[58]。加工环节中同样存在污染风险,例如豆豉、白砂糖等辅料中也可能携带砷、铅、铜等重金属。do Amaral等[59]的研究中显示,测定的12份糖样品中,11份检出Cd、7份检出Cr。包装、储存、运输和销售过程也可能引入污染[40],顾婕[60]发现,覆膜铁罐包装在酸性环境中存在金属迁移隐患,经10 d酸性食品模拟实验,Cr、Pb迁移量达13.30、6.77 μg/kg,且迁移量随时间和温度增加。
多氯联苯(Polychlorinated Biphenyls,PCBs)是一类具有神经毒性、遗传毒性及内分泌干扰作用的多氯芳香烃,广泛应用于工业中的润滑油、增塑剂和涂料等领域。由于其开放式使用特性,PCBs易通过工业废水排放进入水体,进而通过生物富集作用在海水鱼体内积累,其浓度可达到环境水平的数十万倍[61]。根据GB 2762-2022标准,海水鱼及其罐制品中PCBs的限量应≤20 μg/kg[41],检测方法参照GB 5009.190-2014中气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)及气相色谱法。PCBs在海水鱼中的富集程度与水域污染水平密切相关,研究显示工业区附近海域鱼类如哈德逊河的美国鳗和条纹鲈,其PCBs残留分别高达7730 μg/kg和3400 μg/kg[50]。由于PCBs的强亲脂性,其在鱼体组织中的分布与脂质含量呈正相关,例如蓝鳍金枪鱼中肝脏、肌肉和鳃的PCBs含量依次为31.40、19.39和6.66 μg/kg,符合脂质含量分布规律[62]。除鱼体本身携带外,海水鱼罐头加工过程中PCBs亦可能通过设备润滑油或涂料污染及软包装材料(如聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯等)吸附而引入,其中聚乙烯对PCBs的吸收、扩散和分配系数显著高于其他塑料材料[63]。
双酚A(Bisphenol A,BPA)作为一种已知内分泌干扰物,对人体内分泌、生殖、免疫和神经系统构成潜在威胁。BPA主要存在于塑料和树脂材料中,海水鱼罐头中的BPA污染主要来源于包装材料,尤其是金属罐内壁常涂覆含BPA的环氧树脂涂料以防止金属离子迁移[51]。GB 31660.2-2019标准规定采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)检测水产品中BPA残留。Lee等[64]检测了30 份金枪鱼罐头样品,发现其BPA平均浓度为22.2 μg/kg。尽管工业排污及塑料废物渗漏可能通过食物链、呼吸和表皮吸收等途径使BPA在海水鱼体内积累,但相关研究表明BPA对海水鱼罐头制品的影响较小。2021~2022年对240份市售淡水鱼和海水鱼的检测未检出BPA,表明鱼类本身受到的BPA污染较轻[65]。综上,PCBs和BPA均为海水鱼罐头生产过程中需重点关注的化学安全风险,其来源涉及环境污染及生产加工环节,需加强监测和控制以保障产品安全。
综上所述,海水鱼罐头产业总体呈现良好的发展态势,并在食品市场中占据重要地位。随着居民消费水平的提升及饮食结构的优化,海水鱼罐头作为便捷且富有营养的海洋食品,其市场需求持续增长,产业规模不断扩大。然而,伴随快速发展,产品质量缺陷和食品安全风险成为亟待解决的核心问题。针对风味减退、质地变化及营养流失等品质问题,优化关键生产工艺(如改进杀菌工艺和调味配方)成为当前研究重点。同时,对于生物胺、微生物及重金属等安全性危害,应建立并完善涵盖原料采购至成品出厂的全链条质量监控体系,强化企业主体责任意识。总体而言,只有通过有效控制各类质量与安全风险,保障产品品质安全,顺应消费升级趋势,海水鱼罐头产业方能实现持续健康发展。

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2026年第47卷第11期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060008
  • 接收时间:2025-06-01
  • 首发时间:2026-10-22
  • 出版时间:2026-06-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-01
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    1浙江工业大学食品科学与工程学院,浙江杭州 310014
    2舟山市市场监督管理局普陀分局,浙江舟山 316100
    3浙江树人学院生物与环境工程学院,浙江杭州 310015

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丁玉庭(1963−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品加工、储藏与质量安全控制,E-mail:。
戴王力(1994−),男,博士,讲师,研究方向:水产品加工与质量安全控制,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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