Article(id=1320166189389689376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320165935235846995, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060244, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1750348800000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792681747052, onlineDateStr=2026-10-22, pubDate=1784044800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792681747052, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792681747052, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792681747052, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320165935235846995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='14', pageStart='1', pageEnd='532', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784044800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792681686457, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792720591676, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320329115677344178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320165935235846995, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320329115681538483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320165935235846995, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=336, endPage=343, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320166191155491362, articleId=1320166189389689376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Comparison of Nutritional Attributes, Edible Quality, and Flavor Components between Chinese Indigenous Chickens and Commercial Broilers, columnId=1261343843585241413, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Analysis and Determination, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Taihang chicken (TH), an indigenous Chinese breed, was highly valued for its rich flavor. However, its comprehensive characterization remained limited compared with that of commercial, white-feathered broilers (e.g., Lifeng chicken, LF). In this study, we evaluated the nutritional, edible, and volatile flavor profiles of TH and LF breast meat. The results revealed that although TH displayed higher press loss (P<0.05) and cooking loss (P<0.05), it exhibited superior redness (P<0.05) and higher protein content (P<0.05). In addition, it was rich in two branched-chain amino acids, namely leucine (P<0.05) and isoleucine (P<0.05). Volatile compound analysis using GC-Q-Orbitrap-MS identified 205 compounds, with aldehydes dominating both breeds. Odor activity value (OAV) calculations highlighted 14 aroma-active compounds (OAV≥1) significantly enriched in TH (P<0.05), imparting fatty and roasted notes. The unique flavor and nutritional advantages of TH underscored its potential as a premium poultry product. This study provides insights into developing flavor-oriented branding strategies and enhancing the market competitiveness of indigenous chicken breeds.

, authors=Meng WEI1, 2, Qingguo YAO3, Ludan ZHANG1, Wenna ZHANG1, 2, Aiyun HAN1, 2, Peng GAO1, Huimin YAO4, Peng XIE5, Suqiao CHU4, *, authorsList=Meng WEI, Qingguo YAO, Ludan ZHANG, Wenna ZHANG, Aiyun HAN, Peng GAO, Huimin YAO, Peng XIE, Suqiao CHU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Suqiao CHU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320166195211383338, articleId=1320166189389689376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=太行鸡与白羽肉鸡的营养品质、食用特性及风味成分比较, columnId=1261343846139572559, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=分析检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

太行鸡作为地方鸡种,以其丰富的风味备受青睐,然而与商品白羽肉鸡(利丰鸡)相比,对其全面特征的解析较为有限。本研究对太行鸡和利丰鸡鸡胸肉的营养特性、食用品质及挥发性风味轮廓进行了评价。结果表明,太行鸡肉的加压失水率(P<0.05)和蒸煮损失(P<0.05)较高,红度值(P<0.05)和蛋白质含量(P<0.05)更高,且富含亮氨酸(P<0.05)、异亮氨酸(P<0.05)2种支链氨基酸。气相色谱-四级杆-轨道阱质谱联用技术鉴定出205种挥发性化合物,醛类物质在两个鸡种中均占主导地位。气味活性值(Odor activity value,OAV)计算表明,太行鸡中显著富集 14 种香气活性化合物(OAV≥1,P<0.05),这些物质赋予其脂肪香、烤香等风味特征。太行鸡独特的风味和营养优势凸显了其作为优质禽产品的潜力。本研究为开发以风味为导向的品牌策略及提升地方鸡种的市场竞争力提供了参考依据。

, authors=魏萌1, 2, 姚清国3, 张露丹1, 张文娜1, 2, 韩爱云1, 2, 高鹏1, 姚慧敏4, 谢鹏5, 褚素乔4, *, authorsList=魏萌, 姚清国, 张露丹, 张文娜, 韩爱云, 高鹏, 姚慧敏, 谢鹏, 褚素乔, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=褚素乔, authorNote=

魏萌(1989−),女,博士,讲师,研究方向:食品质量与安全控制,E-mail:

姚清国(1976−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:生物活性成分研究,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
褚素乔(1970−),女,本科,农业技术推广研究员,研究方向:畜禽良种繁育技术研究,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=3FAdreFv5MB1NQXExyn/yw==, magXml=zliwe19CE+5qzojX/ZF58w==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=p36Y7KkqFUpc3+ZBCVcKNw==, pdfFileSize=905099, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=fhrfCSx3NloeYbhTxgI7mA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=ro6J+ulemB/1GaDWlIMuag==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320166196578726459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=aimee8308@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320166196658418238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, authorId=1320166196578726459, language=EN, stringName=Meng WEI, firstName=Meng, middleName=null, lastName=WEI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
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注:“TH”、“LF”分别代表太行鸡和利丰鸡。

, figureFileSmall=c4jxp3fkFu7FiE1tJ/WX/A==, figureFileBig=fhrfCSx3NloeYbhTxgI7mA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320166201930658422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Differential analysis of volatile flavor compounds in Taihang and Lifeng chicken breast meat, figureFileSmall=aXdcusBJJlgUG1dyUaxXxw==, figureFileBig=rKKeqlQ7LTzdyjBp2ZP8pQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320166202022933111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=CN, label=图2, caption=太行鸡和利丰鸡胸肉挥发性风味物质差异分析

注:(a)PCA得分图,PC1和PC2分别表示第一和第二主成分;(b)PLS-DA得分图,Component1和Component2分别表示第一和第二主成分;“TH”、“LF”分别代表太行鸡和利丰鸡。

, figureFileSmall=aXdcusBJJlgUG1dyUaxXxw==, figureFileBig=rKKeqlQ7LTzdyjBp2ZP8pQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320166202090041976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Edible quality results of Taihang and Lifeng chicken breast meat

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食用品质指标THLF
蒸煮损失(%)21.40±2.13a19.27±3.72b
加压失水率(%)39.54±5.24a29.40±5.35b
pH5.70±0.11a5.72±0.12a
肉色L*51.06±1.40b53.16±3.32a
a*4.73±1.19a2.30±3.51b
b*3.83±0.76b7.32±1.68a
TPA第一次压缩硬度(N)127.53±12.25b165.61±34.59a
粘附性(mJ)0.81±0.39b1.74±0.38a
第二次压缩硬度(N)109.71±11.41a135.74±28.46a
咀嚼性(mJ)168.91±25.12a216.82±48.95a
弹性(mm)3.35±0.14b3.97±0.23a
内聚性(N)0.40±0.01a0.33±0.01b
胶黏性(N)50.36±6.19a54.84±11.88a
嫩度(N)13.05±1.27a14.21±2.06a
), ArticleFig(id=1320166202182316665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

太行鸡和利丰鸡食用品质测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食用品质指标THLF
蒸煮损失(%)21.40±2.13a19.27±3.72b
加压失水率(%)39.54±5.24a29.40±5.35b
pH5.70±0.11a5.72±0.12a
肉色L*51.06±1.40b53.16±3.32a
a*4.73±1.19a2.30±3.51b
b*3.83±0.76b7.32±1.68a
TPA第一次压缩硬度(N)127.53±12.25b165.61±34.59a
粘附性(mJ)0.81±0.39b1.74±0.38a
第二次压缩硬度(N)109.71±11.41a135.74±28.46a
咀嚼性(mJ)168.91±25.12a216.82±48.95a
弹性(mm)3.35±0.14b3.97±0.23a
内聚性(N)0.40±0.01a0.33±0.01b
胶黏性(N)50.36±6.19a54.84±11.88a
嫩度(N)13.05±1.27a14.21±2.06a
), ArticleFig(id=1320166202253619834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Nutritional composition of Taihang and Lifeng chicken breast meat

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
营养物质THLF
蛋白质(%)25.97±1.18a24.16±1.10b
脂肪(%)0.94±0.72a1.08±0.95a
水分(%)74.62±0.46b76.45±2.83a
), ArticleFig(id=1320166202320728699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

太行鸡和利丰鸡营养成分含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
营养物质THLF
蛋白质(%)25.97±1.18a24.16±1.10b
脂肪(%)0.94±0.72a1.08±0.95a
水分(%)74.62±0.46b76.45±2.83a
), ArticleFig(id=1320166202396226172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Amino acid composition of Taihang and Lifeng chicken breast meat

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸名称TH(g/100 g)LF(g/100 g)
缬氨酸0.07±0.02a0.06±0.01a
苏氨酸0.01±0.01b0.05±0.01a
亮氨酸0.08±0.02a0.06±0.01b
异亮氨酸0.04±0.01a0.03±0.01b
苯丙氨酸0.06±0.01a0.06±0.01a
蛋氨酸0.04±0.01a0.03±0.00b
赖氨酸0.16±0.02a0.10±0.07a
谷氨酸0.07±0.03b0.12±0.02a
丝氨酸−0.01±0.01
脯氨酸0.02±0.01b0.03±0.01a
甘氨酸0.04±0.01b0.05±0.01a
丙氨酸0.08±0.04a0.10±0.01a
精氨酸−−
组氨酸0.01±0.01b0.04±0.01a
天门冬氨酸−0.03±0.01
酪氨酸−0.02±0.01
总氨基酸0.68±0.14a0.79±0.11a
), ArticleFig(id=1320166202475917949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

太行鸡和利丰鸡氨基酸组成

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸名称TH(g/100 g)LF(g/100 g)
缬氨酸0.07±0.02a0.06±0.01a
苏氨酸0.01±0.01b0.05±0.01a
亮氨酸0.08±0.02a0.06±0.01b
异亮氨酸0.04±0.01a0.03±0.01b
苯丙氨酸0.06±0.01a0.06±0.01a
蛋氨酸0.04±0.01a0.03±0.00b
赖氨酸0.16±0.02a0.10±0.07a
谷氨酸0.07±0.03b0.12±0.02a
丝氨酸−0.01±0.01
脯氨酸0.02±0.01b0.03±0.01a
甘氨酸0.04±0.01b0.05±0.01a
丙氨酸0.08±0.04a0.10±0.01a
精氨酸−−
组氨酸0.01±0.01b0.04±0.01a
天门冬氨酸−0.03±0.01
酪氨酸−0.02±0.01
总氨基酸0.68±0.14a0.79±0.11a
), ArticleFig(id=1320166202547221118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Fatty acid composition of Taihang and Lifeng chicken breast meat

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
脂肪酸名称TH(g/100 g)LF(g/100 g)
豆蔻酸C14:00.02±0.020.02±0.03
棕榈酸C16:00.12±0.100.13±0.12
十七碳酸C17:00.02±0.020.03±0.03
硬脂酸C18:00.15±0.110.16±0.14
山嵛酸C22:00.02±0.020.03±0.03
饱和脂肪酸总量(SFA)0.34±0.260.37±0.33
棕榈油酸C16:1n7c0.03±0.030.04±0.04
油酸C18:1n9c0.21±0.160.22±0.19
顺-13-二十二碳一烯酸(芥酸)C22:1n90.01±0.010.02±0.02
单不饱和脂肪酸总量(MUFA)0.24±0.190.27±0.23
反式亚油酸C18:2n6t0.03±0.030.04±0.04
亚油酸C18:2n6c0.04±0.030.04±0.04
α-亚麻酸C18:3n30.04±0.030.05±0.05
二高-γ-亚麻酸C20:3n60.01±0.010.02±0.02
花生四烯酸C20:4n6c0.09±0.070.11±0.10
DHA C22:6n30.02±0.020.02±0.02
多不饱和脂肪酸总量(PUFA)0.23±0.190.28±0.26
不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)0.47±0.370.55±0.48
总脂肪酸0.81±0.630.93±0.81
n-60.17±0.140.21±0.19
n-30.05±0.050.07±0.07
n-6/n-33.26±1.113.07±0.68
), ArticleFig(id=1320166204220748415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320166189389689376, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

太行鸡和利丰鸡脂肪酸组成

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
脂肪酸名称TH(g/100 g)LF(g/100 g)
豆蔻酸C14:00.02±0.020.02±0.03
棕榈酸C16:00.12±0.100.13±0.12
十七碳酸C17:00.02±0.020.03±0.03
硬脂酸C18:00.15±0.110.16±0.14
山嵛酸C22:00.02±0.020.03±0.03
饱和脂肪酸总量(SFA)0.34±0.260.37±0.33
棕榈油酸C16:1n7c0.03±0.030.04±0.04
油酸C18:1n9c0.21±0.160.22±0.19
顺-13-二十二碳一烯酸(芥酸)C22:1n90.01±0.010.02±0.02
单不饱和脂肪酸总量(MUFA)0.24±0.190.27±0.23
反式亚油酸C18:2n6t0.03±0.030.04±0.04
亚油酸C18:2n6c0.04±0.030.04±0.04
α-亚麻酸C18:3n30.04±0.030.05±0.05
二高-γ-亚麻酸C20:3n60.01±0.010.02±0.02
花生四烯酸C20:4n6c0.09±0.070.11±0.10
DHA C22:6n30.02±0.020.02±0.02
多不饱和脂肪酸总量(PUFA)0.23±0.190.28±0.26
不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)0.47±0.370.55±0.48
总脂肪酸0.81±0.630.93±0.81
n-60.17±0.140.21±0.19
n-30.05±0.050.07±0.07
n-6/n-33.26±1.113.07±0.68
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太行鸡与白羽肉鸡的营养品质、食用特性及风味成分比较
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魏萌 1, 2 , 姚清国 3 , 张露丹 1 , 张文娜 1, 2 , 韩爱云 1, 2 , 高鹏 1 , 姚慧敏 4 , 谢鹏 5 , 褚素乔 4, *
食品工业科技 | 分析检测 2026,47(14): 336-343
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食品工业科技 |分析检测 2026 , 47 (14) : 336 -343
太行鸡与白羽肉鸡的营养品质、食用特性及风味成分比较
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魏萌1, 2 , 姚清国3 , 张露丹1, 张文娜1, 2, 韩爱云1, 2, 高鹏1, 姚慧敏4, 谢鹏5, 褚素乔4, *
作者信息
  • 1石家庄学院农业与食品科学系,河北石家庄 050035
  • 2石家庄市食品工程技术创新中心,河北石家庄 050035
  • 3石家庄学院化工学院,河北石家庄 050035
  • 4石家庄市畜牧技术推广站,河北石家庄 050035
  • 5中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京 100193
通讯作者:
褚素乔(1970−),女,本科,农业技术推广研究员,研究方向:畜禽良种繁育技术研究,E-mail:。
作者简介:

魏萌(1989−),女,博士,讲师,研究方向:食品质量与安全控制,E-mail:

姚清国(1976−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:生物活性成分研究,E-mail:

Comparison of Nutritional Attributes, Edible Quality, and Flavor Components between Chinese Indigenous Chickens and Commercial Broilers
Meng WEI1, 2 , Qingguo YAO3 , Ludan ZHANG1, Wenna ZHANG1, 2, Aiyun HAN1, 2, Peng GAO1, Huimin YAO4, Peng XIE5, Suqiao CHU4, *
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
  • 2Shijiazhuang Food Engineering Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
  • 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
  • 4Shijiazhuang Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
  • 5Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
出版时间: 2026-07-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060244
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太行鸡作为地方鸡种,以其丰富的风味备受青睐,然而与商品白羽肉鸡(利丰鸡)相比,对其全面特征的解析较为有限。本研究对太行鸡和利丰鸡鸡胸肉的营养特性、食用品质及挥发性风味轮廓进行了评价。结果表明,太行鸡肉的加压失水率(P<0.05)和蒸煮损失(P<0.05)较高,红度值(P<0.05)和蛋白质含量(P<0.05)更高,且富含亮氨酸(P<0.05)、异亮氨酸(P<0.05)2种支链氨基酸。气相色谱-四级杆-轨道阱质谱联用技术鉴定出205种挥发性化合物,醛类物质在两个鸡种中均占主导地位。气味活性值(Odor activity value,OAV)计算表明,太行鸡中显著富集 14 种香气活性化合物(OAV≥1,P<0.05),这些物质赋予其脂肪香、烤香等风味特征。太行鸡独特的风味和营养优势凸显了其作为优质禽产品的潜力。本研究为开发以风味为导向的品牌策略及提升地方鸡种的市场竞争力提供了参考依据。

太行鸡  /  挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)  /  风味特征  /  食用品质  /  营养品质

Taihang chicken (TH), an indigenous Chinese breed, was highly valued for its rich flavor. However, its comprehensive characterization remained limited compared with that of commercial, white-feathered broilers (e.g., Lifeng chicken, LF). In this study, we evaluated the nutritional, edible, and volatile flavor profiles of TH and LF breast meat. The results revealed that although TH displayed higher press loss (P<0.05) and cooking loss (P<0.05), it exhibited superior redness (P<0.05) and higher protein content (P<0.05). In addition, it was rich in two branched-chain amino acids, namely leucine (P<0.05) and isoleucine (P<0.05). Volatile compound analysis using GC-Q-Orbitrap-MS identified 205 compounds, with aldehydes dominating both breeds. Odor activity value (OAV) calculations highlighted 14 aroma-active compounds (OAV≥1) significantly enriched in TH (P<0.05), imparting fatty and roasted notes. The unique flavor and nutritional advantages of TH underscored its potential as a premium poultry product. This study provides insights into developing flavor-oriented branding strategies and enhancing the market competitiveness of indigenous chicken breeds.

Taihang chicken  /  volatile organic compounds (VOCs)  /  flavor profile  /  edible quality  /  nutritional quality
魏萌, 姚清国, 张露丹, 张文娜, 韩爱云, 高鹏, 姚慧敏, 谢鹏, 褚素乔. 太行鸡与白羽肉鸡的营养品质、食用特性及风味成分比较. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (14) : 336 -343 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060244
Meng WEI, Qingguo YAO, Ludan ZHANG, Wenna ZHANG, Aiyun HAN, Peng GAO, Huimin YAO, Peng XIE, Suqiao CHU. Comparison of Nutritional Attributes, Edible Quality, and Flavor Components between Chinese Indigenous Chickens and Commercial Broilers[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (14) : 336 -343 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060244
白羽肉鸡因其生长周期短、养殖成本低,已成为中国畜禽产业的主导品种,但其肉质风味单一、营养价值有限,难以满足消费者对“健康化、特色化”食品的需求。相比之下,地方鸡种因养殖周期长、风味物质积累丰富,逐渐成为高品质肉类消费的新选择。目前,已有关于北京油鸡、广元灰鸡等许多本土鸡种品质特性的相关研究[1−2],但对太行鸡的系统研究仍不足。
太行鸡是河北省优质种质资源,具有羽色斑驳、胫部青绿的独特表型特征[3],并被列入《中国畜禽遗传资源目录》。随着太行鸡产业的不断发展,养殖范围已扩展到河北省的11个地市及北京、天津、山西等省市区,存栏数达到1200万只以上。太行鸡体型瘦小,适应性强,肉质以风味独特、肌纤维紧实、营养丰富著称,尤其适合中式炖煮等传统烹饪方式,能够充分释放其风味优势。当前研究普遍认为,鸡肉风味品质受遗传背景、饲养模式及加工工艺共同影响[4],其中脂质氧化与美拉德反应生成的挥发性化合物(如醛类、酮类、含硫物质)是决定风味特征的核心因素[5]。研究发现,太行公鸡胸肌中的肌苷酸和牛磺酸含量极显著高于罗斯公鸡,另外太行鸡肌肉中的多种呈味游离氨基酸(如甘氨酸、脯氨酸、组氨酸和天冬氨酸)含量也显著更高[6],这些物质是形成其独特风味的重要基础。然而,目前对太行鸡肉风味品质的系统性研究仍处于空白,其挥发性风味物质组成、与传统白羽肉鸡的差异化品质特征尚未明确,导致市场推广缺乏科学支撑,制约了其品牌化发展。
本研究以现行规模化养殖模式下的太行鸡为对象,通过以下方法系统解析其品质特性:a.以白羽肉鸡利丰鸡作为对照,开展太行鸡肌肉营养品质和食用品质研究,量化其品质优势的理化基础。b.利用气相色谱-四级杆-轨道阱质谱(GC-Q-Orbitrap-MS),定性定量分析太行鸡肉挥发性风味物质组成,构建其风味轮廓图谱,筛选太行鸡的差异化品质生物标志物。本研究将风味组学技术应用于太行鸡风味研究,旨在为其品质评价、产品分级及精准加工提供理论依据,助力打造“风味导向型”地方鸡品牌,推动河北畜禽产业的高值化转型与乡村振兴战略实施。
太行鸡(TH,日龄147 d,体重1.65±0.20 kg)、利丰鸡(LF,日龄45 d,体重2.10±0.30 kg) 各30只,购自河北省洛杉奇公司,所有试验样本均为随机选取,性别为公鸡,选取时确保其健康状况良好,体重相近,以保证样本均一性。饲养方式为笼养,供试鸡自由采食和饮水,参照鸡饲养标准(NY/T33-2004)中肉鸡营养需要,饲喂相应的商品全价饲料,分段分料饲养。利丰鸡1~20日龄饲喂育雏料,21~45日龄饲喂育成料;太行鸡1~60日龄饲喂育雏料,60~147日龄饲喂育成料。本试验选择147日龄的太行鸡和45日龄的利丰鸡进行研究,这两个日龄分别为对应品种的典型商品出栏日龄;色谱级甲醇、正构烷烃标准品(C6~C30)、脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)混合物、十一酸甲酯 购自Sigma-Aldrich公司;2-甲基-3-庚酮(纯度≥98%) 购自德国Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH;其他所有化学试剂均为分析纯 国药集团化学试剂有限公司。
HI99163便携式pH计 美国HANNA Instruments公司;CR-400色差计 日本柯尼卡美能达公司;TA.XT Plus物性分析仪 英国Stable Micro Systems公司;GC-Q-Orbitrap-MS 美国赛默飞世尔科技; HP6890 气相色谱仪 安捷伦公司; L-8900氨基酸自动分析仪 日本日立公司。
样本宰后立即送往实验室,胴体经生理盐水冲洗后分离双侧胸大肌,去除可见脂肪与结缔组织。左胸肌30只真空包装并于4 ℃冷藏24 h,用于食用品质分析;右胸肌随机选取10只样本,水浴加热至中心温度70 ℃后切碎,液氮速冻并于−80 ℃保存,用于挥发性风味物质测定;其余右胸肌在液氮中快速冷冻,−80 ℃储存,用于脂肪含量、蛋白含量、水分含量及氨基酸和脂肪酸含量的测定。
参考HARR等[7]方法,使用便携式pH计于宰后24 h测定胸肌不同位置,取三次测量平均值。
参考SUN等[8]方法,利用色差计测定L*(亮度)、a*(红度)、b*(黄度)值,样品在25 ℃环境下避光平衡30 min后于新鲜切面随机选取三点测量。
用圆形钻孔取样器将肉块沿肌纤维垂直方向切取1 cm厚,直径为2.5 cm的圆形肉柱。称重用双层纱布包裹,再用上下各16层滤纸包裹。在无限压缩仪上加压30.0 kg,并保持5 min[9],去除纱布、滤纸后,再次称重。加压前后肉样重量的损失占其原重量的百分比即为加压失水率。
参考WEI等[10]方法,将宰后24 h鸡肉分割成特殊大小的肉块(3 cm×5 cm×5 cm)并称重(M1),用聚乙烯材料的塑料袋对肉块进行密封并放入80 ℃左右预热好的水浴锅中加热,至样品中心温度达到70 ℃时取出袋子。在保证袋口封紧的前提下,将其置于流动自来水中降温20 min左右,在4 ℃冰箱内过夜保存。第二天进行实验时,取出肉块后,将表面水分用滤纸轻轻擦干并称重(M2)。
$ \mathrm{蒸煮损失}(\text{%})=\frac{{\mathrm{M}}_{1}-{\mathrm{M}}_{2}}{{\mathrm{M}}_{1}}\times 100 $
将肉样(3 cm×5 cm×5 cm)置于80 ℃水浴中至样品中心温度为70 ℃,取出室温冷却后置于4 ℃冰箱过夜。测定时将肉样平行于肌纤维方向切成12条(1 cm×1 cm×2 cm)肉条,使用质构仪分别测定剪切力和TPA特性。剪切力测试速度为1.0 mm/s,每个样品测量6次。TPA质构参数采用以下条件:十字头速度,1 mm/s;第一次和第二次压缩之间的时间间隔5 s;压缩距离75%;启动力5 g[11]。
分别依据GB 5009.3-2016、GB 5009.6-2016与GB 5009.5-2016进行测定。
胸肌样品经6 mol/L HCl溶液110 ℃水解24 h,茚三酮柱后衍生法结合氨基酸自动分析仪测定[12]。
称取0.5 g冻干肉样,加入1 mL正己烷与内标溶液(十一酸甲酯,1 mg/mL),5 mL乙酰氯-甲醇(1:10,v/v),于80 ℃反应3 h生成脂肪酸甲酯(FAME),冷却后加入7%碳酸钾溶液5 mL,3500 r/min离心10 min,吸取上层有机相1.2 mL后利用气相色谱仪进行测定。载气为高纯氮气,流速3.0 mL/min,分流比为20:1。升温程序:初始温度为100 ℃(保持0.5 min),以4 ℃/min升至220 ℃,以5 ℃/min升至250 ℃(保持5 min)。进样口和火焰离子化检测器温度分别为250 ℃和280 ℃。脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)经DB-23毛细管柱(60 m×0.251 mm)分离,火焰离子化检测器(FID)定量[13]。
参考WEI等[14]方法,称取4 g研磨后的样品,放置在密封的棕色顶空瓶中(20 mL)。向其中加入2-甲基-3-庚酮(0.41 mg/mL,2 μL)作为内标。将样品在60 ℃下平衡10 min,使用DVB/CAR/PDMS固相微萃取纤维(SPME)在60 ℃下萃取挥发性化合物30 min,随后通过 GC-Q-Orbitrap-MS分析。分离采用DB-Wax色谱柱(30 m×250 μm×0.25 μm),载气为氦气(流速1.0 mL/min)。程序升温条件:40 ℃、保持2 min,以4 ℃/min升至230 ℃保持5 min。质谱条件:电子轰击(EI)模式,离子源温度250 ℃,扫描范围m/z 35~500。使用X-Calibur和Trace Finder 5.1软件(美国赛默飞世尔科技公司)进行峰识别。保留指数(RIs)通过正构烷烃标准品(C6~C30)计算。化合物通过NIST 2.3和Wiley 9数据库检索鉴定(ΔRI<50),并以内标进行相对定量。
$ \mathrm{RI}=100\mathrm{N}+100\mathrm{n}\frac{{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{x}}-{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{N}}}{{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{N}+\mathrm{n}}-{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{N}}} $
其中,N为低碳原子数正构烷烃的碳原子数;n为高低碳原子数正构烷烃的碳原子数差;tx为待测物保留时间;tN为低碳原子数正构烷烃的保留时间;tN+n为高碳原子数正构烷烃的保留时间。
$\rm C=\frac{A_x\times C_0\times V\times 1000}{A_0\times m} $
其中,C为测定的挥发性化合物含量(μg/kg);Ax为测定挥发物的峰面积;C0为内标物质量浓度(μg/μL);A0为内标物峰面积;V为内标物进样量(μL);m为样品质量(g)。
太行鸡与白羽肉鸡每个品种各取n=30只个体作为食用品质测定的生物学重复,各取n=10只个体作为挥发性风味物质测定的生物学重复,各取n=6只个体作为营养品质测定的生物学重复,每个样品均进行n=3次技术重复测定,结果以均值±标准差表示。两组间比较使用SPSS 20.0软件进行独立样本T检验,显著性水平定义为P<0.05。主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)通过 MetaboAnalyst 5.0在线平台(https://www.metaboanalyst.ca)完成,数据在分析前进行了Range scaling预处理以消除量纲差异并增强模型稳定性。作图使用GraphPad Prism 9.0软件和MetaboAnalyst 5.0平台,图中误差棒均表示标准差(SD),PCA与PLS-DA得分图中均添加了95%置信区间的置信椭圆。
太行鸡(TH)和利丰鸡(LF)的食用品质特性见表1。蒸煮损失反映烹饪后的得率,数值越低表明多汁性越好且营养损失(如水溶性蛋白质)越少。加压失水率用于衡量保水能力,数值越低表示水分保留能力越强。如表1所示,TH的蒸煮损失和加压失水率显著高于LF(P<0.05),表明其在烹饪或加压等加工过程中保水性能较差,可能导致产品得率降低和质地较硬。TH蒸煮损失和加压失水率高,可能源于其肌原纤维蛋白的结构差异。肌肉保水性取决于蛋白网络的持水空间,蛋白质处于膨胀状态时网格空间大、系水力高,反之紧缩状态下则系水力低[15]。这一推断与下文TH更高内聚性的结果一致,说明其蛋白结构更为紧密,导致持水空间压缩和系水力下降。肌肉保水能力受pH、离子强度、肌原纤维蛋白氧化程度和交联密度的影响[16],可利用食盐、磷酸盐、大豆蛋白或食用胶等进行腌制、滚揉、斩拌来提高系水力[17],使肉制品的品质和经济价值进一步提高。
宰后pH反映了糖酵解速率,并会对保水性、嫩度和肉色产生影响[18]。pH的快速下降可能会导致肉呈现苍白、柔软且渗出的(PSE)状态,而缓慢下降则会形成深色、坚硬且干燥的(DFD)肉。两个品种的宰后pH(24 h)均处于正常范围,且不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。肉色主要受肌红蛋白状态、光反射以及氧化作用的影响[19],通常用肌肉的红度(a*)、黄度(b*)和亮度(L*)来表示。TH 品种的红度(a*)显著高于LF品种,而亮度(L*)和黄度(b*)则更低(P<0.05),这与消费者更偏爱偏红肉类的偏好相符[20]。
嫩度测试结果显示,两个品种之间没有显著差异(P>0.05)。由于剪切力反映了肌肉的嫩度,嫩度越好,剪切力值越低[21],因此这两个品种的嫩度并无明显不同。质构剖面分析(TPA)通常通过对样品进行两次压缩来测定食品的质构特性。TPA分析表明,TH品种的硬度、粘附性和弹性显著低于LF品种,但内聚性更高(P<0.05)(表1)。硬度这一参数通常用于描述食物等材料的初始口感,太行鸡硬度较低表明煮后的鸡胸肉坚实程度低,这可能与太行鸡肌纤维较细有关。粘附性是第一次挤压的负峰面积[22]。研究表明,蛋白质修饰和水分分布与粘附性相关,因此TH品种粘附性低可能与其失水率高有关[23]。内聚性是指两次挤压的正峰面积之比[24]。TH品种内聚性更高,表明其肌肉结构更为紧密,这有助于提升咀嚼性。
太行鸡和利丰鸡蛋白质、脂肪和水分的含量见表2。TH鸡胸肉的蛋白质含量(25.97%)显著高于LF(24.16%,P<0.05),这凸显了其作为蛋白质来源的价值。相关文献也证实,相较于快大白羽肉鸡品种(如罗斯肉鸡),太行鸡的蛋白质含量表现更优[6]。脂肪含量会影响肉的嫩度、多汁性和风味[4]。脂肪含量越高,咀嚼时感受到的肉汁越丰富。在烹饪过程中,脂质会发生热降解,产生挥发性风味物质。然而,品种间未观察到显著差异(P>0.05)。水分含量不仅能维持肉的新鲜度,还对肉的加工特性和得率有重要影响。本实验中,两个品种的水分含量均符合国家标准(GB 18394-2020,≤77%)。
两品种鸡肉的氨基酸组成见表3。太行鸡与利丰鸡的总氨基酸含量(TAA)无显著差异(P>0.05),但必需氨基酸中亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和蛋氨酸含量均显著高于利丰鸡(P<0.05),苏氨酸含量显著低于利丰鸡(P<0.05)。亮氨酸、异亮氨酸属于支链氨基酸(BCAAs),这类氨基酸对人体有多重益处,尤其在代谢调节、肌肉健康等方面表现突出。
由表4脂肪酸含量可知,太行鸡脂肪酸含量与利丰鸡均无显著差异(P>0.05)。多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)是脂肪酸中的重要营养成分,在改善心血管健康、维持正常免疫功能等方面发挥关键作用。TH的多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸比值(P/S)为0.68,超过了推荐的0.45[25],表明TH富含PUFA。此外,n-6与n-3脂肪酸的比例对维持心血管健康至关重要[26]。n-6:n-3 PUFA的摄入最大值建议为4.0[27]。本研究中,TH肉的n-6/n-3比值为3.26,在推荐范围内,具有潜在的健康益处。
GC-Q-Orbitrap共鉴定出205种挥发性有机物,具体定性和定量结果见(附表1,详见本刊官网 http://www.spgykj.com/文章的网络版)。这些挥发性物质可以归纳为11个类别,如图1所示,包括31种醛类化合物、13种醇类、26种酮类、16种酯类、50种烃类、18种含氧杂环类、16种含硫类、15种含氮类、4种醚类、7种酚类和9种酸类。由图1可知,太行鸡肉中风味物质含量最高的为醛类(8341.50±3513.57 μg/kg),其次为酮类、烃类、醇类、含氧杂环类、酯类、含氮类、酚类、醚类、酸类、含硫类。利丰鸡肉中风味物质含量最高的也为醛类(4417.52±1081.64 μg/kg),其次是烃类、酮类、含氧杂环类、醇类、酯类、含氮类、含硫类、酚类、酸类、醚类。除了含氧杂环类物质外,太行鸡中其余种类的风味物质含量均显著高于利丰鸡(P<0.05),这种差异使得太行鸡和利丰鸡呈现出不同的风味特征。
肉中挥发性风味化合物的形成主要源于美拉德反应、脂质氧化降解、硫胺素热降解以及各反应路径间的相互作用。其中,脂质氧化降解是醛类物质关键的生成途径。肉类中丰富的不饱和脂肪酸在氧、热或酶催化下发生氧化降解,如油酸氧化可产生壬醛、辛醛等,亚油酸氧化降解则主要生成己醛、2-壬烯醛等系列醛类物质[28],这些物质对肉品的特征风味具有重要贡献。相较于商业品种,太行鸡作为地方品种,生长周期较长,其肌肉组织中可能积累更多的次级代谢产物,这为其在加工过程中形成更浓郁、更复杂的风味奠定了物质基础。
醛类是鸡胸肉中含量最高的一类挥发性物质,可分为直链醛和支链醛。直链醛是不饱和脂肪酸的主要降解产物,直链醛含量最多是己醛(TH 3643.04±1965.58 μg/kg,LF 2077.07±418.25 μg/kg),这一结果与前人研究一致,即己醛是熟肉中的主要化合物[29]。己醛来源广泛,可以由油酸、亚油酸或花生四烯酸氧化而生成,也可以来源于2,4-癸二烯醛的降解[30]。支链醛中的苯甲醛含量最高,具有杏仁气味,太行鸡和利丰鸡中苯甲醛含量分别为2037.98±905.76 μg/kg和1105.73±662.17 μg/kg,苯甲醛等可能来自酪氨酸的Strecker降解[31]。
醇类一般具有较高的气味阈值,是由脂质氧化或羰基化合物还原产生。其中1-辛烯-3-醇含量最高,它是亚油酸的降解产物,因具有典型的蘑菇风味而被称为“蘑菇醇”[32]。酮类中以2,3-辛二酮含量最高。2,3-辛二酮被认为是黄油味的重要贡献者。另外还发现了种类较多的烃类物质、醚类、酚类和酸类,其中烷基苯(甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯)的浓度较高。然而,由于它们的气味阈值较高,对风味的影响较弱。
两种鸡胸中含有多种含氮、含氧和含硫化合物。虽然这几类物质含量并不高,但由于其气味阈值较低,它们是肉风味中的特征性化合物,表现出明显的气味特征。含氧杂环类物质中2-戊基呋喃(豆味、草味)含量最高,它是由2,4-癸二烯醛氧化而成[33]。含氮类物质中鉴定出较多的吡啶和吡嗪类,吡嗪主要由Strecker降解反应生成的羰基氨化合物缩合形成。一般认为,吡嗪会给肉类带来坚果味和烘烤味。含硫类物质中的二甲基二硫和3-甲硫基丙醛在肉类风味中发挥了重要作用。另外噻唑类物质主要来源于硫胺素的降解或含硫氨基酸与还原糖的美拉德反应,具有烹调肉类或谷物的气味[34]。这些成分的存在可能使鸡肉的风味更加丰富。
聚类风味热图(附图1,详见本刊官网 http://www.spgykj.com/文章的网络版)描述了两个品种的风味轮廓,标准化刻度从最大值4.2(红色)到最小值-2.7(蓝色)表示风味物质含量的高低。热图及火山图(附图1及附图2,详见本刊官网 http://www.spgykj.com/文章的网络版)显示两品种鸡肉的205种挥发性成分中有145种存在显著差异,且137种风味物质含量太行鸡显著高于利丰鸡(P<0.05)。为了进一步分析两个品种间的差异,进行了PCA和PLS-DA分析。PCA和PLS-DA得分图(图2(a)、图2(b))均显示了两组之间明显的分离趋势,表明太行鸡和利丰鸡的整体风味存在显著差异。PCA模型前两个主成分的累计解释率为62.6%;PLS-DA模型的解释率(R2Y)和预测能力(Q2)分别为0.998和0.828,表明该模型稳健可靠,具有良好的预测能力。为了进一步筛选两组间挥发性风味物质的潜在标记物,结合PLS-DA计算两组间挥发性风味物质的VIP评分。结果显示两组间VIP>1的挥发性化合物有91个。将VIP评分>1且P<0.05的挥发性化合物被定义为两组分类的潜在标记物[35]。因此,筛选出符合上述条件的91种挥发性化合物,其中除2-丁基-2-辛烯醛和6-十一酮外,太行鸡中89种风味物质显著高于利丰鸡。
VOCs的种类和含量对人们感知到的风味强度有很大影响。VOCs对风味的贡献不仅与含量有关,还与它们的气味阈值和相互作用有关,只有特定的具有香气活性的VOCs才能被人感知。这些具有气味活性的挥发性化合物有助于调味。通过计算VOCs浓度与阈值(介质为水)的比值,得出气味活度值(OAVs)。气味活性挥发物定义为OAV≥1的VOCs[36]。经计算共发现15种气味活性挥发物(附表1[37],详见本刊官网http://www.spgykj.com/文章的网络版),包括壬醛、2-戊基吡啶、辛醛、(E)-2-十一烯醛、(E)-2-癸烯醛、2,6,6-三甲基-2-环己烯-1,4-二酮、戊醛、3-甲硫基丙醛、(E)-2-辛烯醛、联苯、1-辛烯-3-酮、庚醛、(E)-2-壬烯醛、2,3-戊二酮和2-丁基-2-辛烯醛。除2-丁基-2-辛烯醛外,其余14种气味活性挥发物含量太行鸡均显著高于利丰鸡。戊醛呈现出青草味、庚醛、辛醛、壬醛呈现水果、柑橘味;(E)-2-壬烯醛、(E)-2-癸烯醛、(E)-2-十一烯醛和2-戊基吡啶带有明显的脂肪味;1-辛烯-3-酮和2,6,6-三甲基-2-环己烯-1,4-二酮贡献突出的蘑菇味;2,3-戊二酮具有典型的黄油香;联苯具有玫瑰香;而3-甲硫基丙醛则以其熟肉香和土豆样风味增强了肉香[38−41],这些物质共同赋予太行鸡丰富的香气特征。挥发性风味化合物通过美拉德反应、脂质氧化及其中间体之间的相互作用产生。受品种、饲养时长、饮食和饲养管理实践影响的前体分子(脂肪酸、氨基酸)的差异,可能是太行鸡独特风味的驱动因素。未来结合代谢组学或脂质组学的研究可阐明前体-风味化合物的关系。
本研究系统比较了太行鸡和利丰鸡的营养品质、食用品质及挥发性风味特征。太行鸡表现出更高的加压损失率和蒸煮损失率,表明其在加工过程中保水性存在挑战。在产品的制作过程中,可采用适当措施来提高系水力,提高肉制品的品质和经济价值。太行鸡在消费者偏好属性上表现更优,包括更高的红度、更低的硬度和更强的内聚性,使其具有更有嚼劲的质地。营养方面,太行鸡鸡胸肉蛋白质含量更高,且富含支链氨基酸。此外太行鸡的多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸比值(P/S:0.68)和n-6/n-3比值(3.26)均处于有利水平,符合心血管健康推荐标准。挥发性化合物分析显示,TH具有独特的风味特征,其14种香气活性化合物的含量显著更高。这些化合物赋予太行鸡丰富的香气特征,包括脂肪香、柑橘香、水果香、花香、甜香、肉香、蘑菇香和草香等。这些风味活性物质主要来源于美拉德反应以及脂肪氧化,未来可结合代谢组学或脂质组学的方法进行肌肉前体物质的测定,分析品种或饲养方式对太行鸡香气特征的影响,以进一步调控太行鸡风味。基于上述结果,为实现太行鸡品质优势向市场价值转化,可针对其风味浓郁、肉质有嚼劲的特点,重点开发适用于清炖、煨汤等突出本味的高端中式烹饪场景,打造优质食材品牌;还可结合其健康脂肪酸组成和较高蛋白含量的特点,面向注重健康饮食的消费群体,开发即食鸡胸肉、低温调理鸡肉等健康食品,实现从产品特性到消费价值的精准转化。本研究系统阐明了太行鸡的特色品质与风味基础,为其品质调控、加工利用和市场开拓提供了理论支撑与应用方向。

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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060244
  • 接收时间:2025-06-20
  • 首发时间:2026-10-22
  • 出版时间:2026-07-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-20
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    1石家庄学院农业与食品科学系,河北石家庄 050035
    2石家庄市食品工程技术创新中心,河北石家庄 050035
    3石家庄学院化工学院,河北石家庄 050035
    4石家庄市畜牧技术推广站,河北石家庄 050035
    5中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京 100193

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褚素乔(1970−),女,本科,农业技术推广研究员,研究方向:畜禽良种繁育技术研究,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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