Article(id=1261336282085581508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1261336272929472630, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040113, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1744128000000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1778655604143, onlineDateStr=2026-05-13, pubDate=1777564800000, pubDateStr=2026-05-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1778655604143, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-05-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1778655604143, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1778655604143, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1261336272929472630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='504', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1778655601961, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1778657530282, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1261344361019728695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1261336272929472630, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1261344361019728696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1261336272929472630, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=133, endPage=140, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1261336284690244307, articleId=1261336282085581508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effects of Zein-Highland Barley Flour Composite Gel Network on the Quality of Gluten-free Highland Barley Noodles, columnId=1261336277291548795, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Research and Investigation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To enhance the sensory quality of gluten-free highland barley flour products, this study investigated the effects of incorporating a highland barley flour-zein composite gel (at levels of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%, mass fractions) on the dough processing characteristics and noodle quality. The results showed that with the increase of the addition amount from 0% to 50%, the peak gelatinization temperature of dough freeze-dried powder increased from 76.57 ℃ to 83.58 ℃, the breakdown value decreased from 876.00 cP to 349.67 cP, and the setback value decreased from 1141.00 cP to 816.67 cP. After adding composite gel, the viscoelasticity of the dough was enhanced, and the microstructure also confirmed that zein formed a continuous network structure, and the composite gel network could provide structural support for highland barley dough. Compared with the 0% addition of composite gel, the highland barley noodles with 40% compound gel had good cooking quality and texture characteristics, and the cooking loss of highland barley noodles was reduced by 55.75%, the breakage rate was reduced by 76.67%, the hardness was increased by 58.09 N, and the sensory score was higher than that of the other noodles. In conclusion, the highland barley flour-zein gel network serves as a structural support mechanism in gluten-free highland barley doughs and significantly improves cooking quality in highland barley noodles.

, correspAuthors=Jiwei KUANG, Bin DANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jipeng HUANG, Jiwei KUANG, Bin DANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1261336293489894216, articleId=1261336282085581508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=玉米醇溶蛋白-青稞粉复合凝胶网络对无麸质青稞面条品质的影响, columnId=1261336277849391232, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=研究与探讨, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为提高无麸质青稞面制品的食用品质,研究了玉米醇溶蛋白-青稞粉复合凝胶不同添加量(0%、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%质量分数)对青稞面团加工特性和面条品质的影响。结果表明,随着添加量由0%增大到50%,面团冻干粉糊化峰值温度由76.57 ℃增加到83.58 ℃,崩解值由876.00 cP降低到349.67 cP,回生值由1141.00 cP降低到816.67 cP;添加复合凝胶后面团黏弹性增强,微观结构也证实玉米醇溶蛋白形成了连续的网络结构,复合凝胶网络可为青稞面团提供结构支撑。与复合凝胶0%添加量相比,添加40%复合凝胶的青稞面条具有良好的蒸煮品质和质构特性,青稞面条的蒸煮损失减少55.75%,断条率下降76.67%,硬度提高了58.09 N,感官评分高于其余各组面条。综上,青稞粉-玉米醇溶蛋白凝胶网络可在无麸质青稞面团中起结构支持作用,并可提高青稞面条的蒸煮品质。

, correspAuthors=邝吉卫, 党斌, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
邝吉卫(1993−),男,博士,助理研究员,研究方向:谷物食品关键组分相互作用及品质调控,E-mail:
党斌(1980−),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:农产品品质评价与加工利用,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=AdZFSUD2m/xmCNs6QuJA7w==, magXml=WQep0WwiTHYslD9wK/9TfQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=QTO5Bo8qSyQ93zRpoPhfdw==, pdfFileSize=14601497, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=1b+oErlnLfBUaw3q9BUIuQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=rUO4x2sSE9GTGNeTKxfdrA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

黄继鹏(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:谷物深加工理论,E-mail:

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articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=黏弹性), Keyword(id=1261336313412837378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=质构), Keyword(id=1261336314448830478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=蒸煮品质)], refs=[Reference(id=1261336333176397980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AGUIAR E V, SANTOS F G, KRUPA-KOZAK U, et al. 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Starch - Stä rke, 2018, 70(3−4): 1700068., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336353996923259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHAO Yafang, BAO Jinsong. Polyphenols in whole rice grain: Genetic diversity and health benefits[J]. Food Chemistry, 2015, 180: 86−97., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336354315690368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Fen, LIU Wei, ZHANG Liang, et al. Thermal, structural, rheological and morphological properties of potato starch-gluten model dough systems: Effect of degree of starch pre-gelatinization[J]. Food Chemistry, 2022, 396: 133628., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336354487656837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SARAWONG C, RODRÍGUEZ GUTIÉRREZ Z C, BERGHOFER E, et al. Gluten-free Pasta: Effect of green plantain flour addition and influence of starch modification on the functional properties and resistant starch content[J]. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 2014, 49(12): 2650−2658., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336354772869514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王宏伟, 王小婷, 国思琪, 等. 不同贮藏期小麦淀粉水合能力变化对面条品质的影响[J]. 食品工业科技, 2025, 46(10): 122−130., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336354974196108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Hongwei, WANG Xiaoting, GUO Siqi, et al. Effect of wheat starch hydration on noodle quality under different storage periods[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2025, 46(10): 122−130., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261336296664982372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296694342503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, companyId=1261336296664982372, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau/Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Germplasm Resources Research and Utilization/State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University/Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining 810016, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296744674152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, companyId=1261336296664982372, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=青海大学/青海省农林科学院,青海省青藏高原农产品加工重点实验室/青海省农林科学院青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室/省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁 810016)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1261336316361433115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=SEM images of highland barley dough with different compound gel additions, figureFileSmall=V2j+MP1MY4bZQBbHj44xrg==, figureFileBig=1b+oErlnLfBUaw3q9BUIuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336317665861661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同复合凝胶添加量的青稞面团横截面图像, figureFileSmall=V2j+MP1MY4bZQBbHj44xrg==, figureFileBig=1b+oErlnLfBUaw3q9BUIuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336319779790894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=CLSM images of highland barley dough with different compound gel additions, figureFileSmall=C9qh0lHeYSRB6vFvEUOf8A==, figureFileBig=WoiPieWJc0w1sySKf8wCDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336321805639732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同复合凝胶添加量的青稞面团的CLSM图像

注:图中红色和绿色分别代表蛋白和淀粉颗粒。

, figureFileSmall=C9qh0lHeYSRB6vFvEUOf8A==, figureFileBig=WoiPieWJc0w1sySKf8wCDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336322283790397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=T2 spectra of highland barley dough with different compound gel additions, figureFileSmall=qrwH1l1FLgdQfhLZXoR8Cw==, figureFileBig=BS096l7eN7urA7+KIxaG0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336322782912578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同复合凝胶添加量的青稞面团T2图谱, figureFileSmall=qrwH1l1FLgdQfhLZXoR8Cw==, figureFileBig=BS096l7eN7urA7+KIxaG0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336323357532232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Rheological properties of highland barley dough with different compound gel additions, figureFileSmall=C0z8HcTscQuyEMaS4z5zUA==, figureFileBig=02mE3NSENSIqcABUf2bBjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336323957317710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同复合凝胶添加量的青稞面团流变学特性, figureFileSmall=C0z8HcTscQuyEMaS4z5zUA==, figureFileBig=02mE3NSENSIqcABUf2bBjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336324754235477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effects of different compound gel additions on the sensory properties of highland barley noodles, figureFileSmall=TpLQ/dOx404r1asS1UULUg==, figureFileBig=bJoDaTKE/0M/I7aQBWUW/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336326612312157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同复合凝胶添加量对青稞面条感官特性的影响

注:图中不同小写字母表示差异显著P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=TpLQ/dOx404r1asS1UULUg==, figureFileBig=bJoDaTKE/0M/I7aQBWUW/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336327262429281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Sensory evaluation criteria for highland barley noodles

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
评价项目评分标准评分(分)
色泽颜色明亮呈金黄色8~10
颜色发白或不均匀5~7
颜色较暗或较差<5
表观状态面条表面光滑细密15~20
面条表面较光滑、较细密9~14
面条表面粗糙,出现变形且膨胀<9
韧性有嚼劲且富有弹性15~20
嚼劲、弹性适中9~14
嚼劲差、弹性不足<9
黏性爽口,不粘牙15~20
较爽口,稍粘牙9~14
不爽口,粘牙<9
光滑性口感顺滑15~20
较顺滑9~14
不顺滑<9
食味青稞香气浓郁8~10
青稞香气较浓郁5~7
无青稞香味<5
), ArticleFig(id=1261336327753162857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

青稞面条的感官评价标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
评价项目评分标准评分(分)
色泽颜色明亮呈金黄色8~10
颜色发白或不均匀5~7
颜色较暗或较差<5
表观状态面条表面光滑细密15~20
面条表面较光滑、较细密9~14
面条表面粗糙,出现变形且膨胀<9
韧性有嚼劲且富有弹性15~20
嚼劲、弹性适中9~14
嚼劲差、弹性不足<9
黏性爽口,不粘牙15~20
较爽口,稍粘牙9~14
不爽口,粘牙<9
光滑性口感顺滑15~20
较顺滑9~14
不顺滑<9
食味青稞香气浓郁8~10
青稞香气较浓郁5~7
无青稞香味<5
), ArticleFig(id=1261336328269062254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Effect of different composite gel additions on the relaxation time (T2) and the proportion of peak area (A2) of highland barley doughs

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
复合凝胶添加量(%)T2(ms)A2(%)
T21T22T23A21A22A23
注:T21、T22和T23分别代表峰1和峰2的质子群体自旋-自旋弛豫时间;A21、A22和A23分别代表与峰1和峰2的面积相对应的总面积的百分比。同一列中带有不同小写字母的数据在统计上显著不同(P<0.05),表3~表5同。
00.23±0.05a4.66±0.16a130.57±4.53ab0.68±0.16b95.68±0.24c3.64±0.12a
100.21±0.02a4.66±0.16a130.57±4.53ab0.72±0.10b95.78±0.11bc3.50±0.03b
200.20±0.02a4.56±0.10ab121.81±4.23b0.77±0.10ab95.74±0.13c3.48±0.04b
300.21±0.02a3.07±0.11c110.73±1.78c0.83±0.11ab95.84±0.10bc3.34±0.02c
400.23±0.02a4.80±0.05a130.57±4.53ab0.91±0.12ab96.08±0.18b3.01±0.11d
500.22±0.01a4.35±0.15b135.43±9.39a1.00±0.23a96.49±0.22a2.51±0.03e
), ArticleFig(id=1261336328638161011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同复合凝胶添加量对青稞面团弛豫时间(T2)和峰面积比例(A2)的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
复合凝胶添加量(%)T2(ms)A2(%)
T21T22T23A21A22A23
注:T21、T22和T23分别代表峰1和峰2的质子群体自旋-自旋弛豫时间;A21、A22和A23分别代表与峰1和峰2的面积相对应的总面积的百分比。同一列中带有不同小写字母的数据在统计上显著不同(P<0.05),表3~表5同。
00.23±0.05a4.66±0.16a130.57±4.53ab0.68±0.16b95.68±0.24c3.64±0.12a
100.21±0.02a4.66±0.16a130.57±4.53ab0.72±0.10b95.78±0.11bc3.50±0.03b
200.20±0.02a4.56±0.10ab121.81±4.23b0.77±0.10ab95.74±0.13c3.48±0.04b
300.21±0.02a3.07±0.11c110.73±1.78c0.83±0.11ab95.84±0.10bc3.34±0.02c
400.23±0.02a4.80±0.05a130.57±4.53ab0.91±0.12ab96.08±0.18b3.01±0.11d
500.22±0.01a4.35±0.15b135.43±9.39a1.00±0.23a96.49±0.22a2.51±0.03e
), ArticleFig(id=1261336329024036987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Pasting properties of freeze-dried powder of highland barley dough with different compound gel additions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
复合凝胶添加量(%)峰值黏度(cP)谷值黏度(cP)崩解值(cP)终值黏度(cP)回生值(cP)糊化温度(℃)
02284.50±8.50a1408.50±157.50a876.00±149.00a2549.50±1.50a1141.00±156.00a91.05±0.00b
101931.50±30.50b1195.00±3.00b736.50±27.50b2398.50±31.50b1203.50±28.50a91.43±0.38b
201241.00±134.61c783.33±142.82c457.67±34.96c1735.67±104.99c952.33±78.49bc94.47±1.11a
301171.67±38.89c699.00±10.82cd454.67±26.10c1686.33±35.92c981.67±23.71b93.53±1.19a
401002.00±15.00d620.00±12.00d406.00±9.00c1485.00±96.00d936.50±34.50bc93.54±0.34a
50937.00±37.40d587.33±5.69d349.67±41.96c1404.00±86.88d816.67±90.69c94.47±0.51a
), ArticleFig(id=1261336330890502268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同复合凝胶添加量的青稞面团冻干粉的糊化特征值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
复合凝胶添加量(%)峰值黏度(cP)谷值黏度(cP)崩解值(cP)终值黏度(cP)回生值(cP)糊化温度(℃)
02284.50±8.50a1408.50±157.50a876.00±149.00a2549.50±1.50a1141.00±156.00a91.05±0.00b
101931.50±30.50b1195.00±3.00b736.50±27.50b2398.50±31.50b1203.50±28.50a91.43±0.38b
201241.00±134.61c783.33±142.82c457.67±34.96c1735.67±104.99c952.33±78.49bc94.47±1.11a
301171.67±38.89c699.00±10.82cd454.67±26.10c1686.33±35.92c981.67±23.71b93.53±1.19a
401002.00±15.00d620.00±12.00d406.00±9.00c1485.00±96.00d936.50±34.50bc93.54±0.34a
50937.00±37.40d587.33±5.69d349.67±41.96c1404.00±86.88d816.67±90.69c94.47±0.51a
), ArticleFig(id=1261336331154743424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Thermal properties of freeze-dried powder of highland barley dough with different compound gel additions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
复合凝胶添加量(%)焓值∆H(J/g)起始温度To(℃)峰值温度TP(℃)终止温度TC(℃)
00.38±0.12a70.20±0.48b76.57±1.28c78.16±1.69d
100.24±0.09b70.29±0.54b77.19±0.43c79.78±0.98cd
200.19±0.05bc71.759±0.80b77.55±0.87c80.53±1.07bc
300.08±0.01c74.66±1.43a79.29±1.18b82.33±1.72b
400.08±0.01c75.74±0.06a81.95±0.74a84.58±0.48a
500.07±0.00c75.02±1.52a83.58±0.82a86.27±0.37a
), ArticleFig(id=1261336331813249159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同复合凝胶添加量的青稞面团冻干粉的热特性值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
复合凝胶添加量(%)焓值∆H(J/g)起始温度To(℃)峰值温度TP(℃)终止温度TC(℃)
00.38±0.12a70.20±0.48b76.57±1.28c78.16±1.69d
100.24±0.09b70.29±0.54b77.19±0.43c79.78±0.98cd
200.19±0.05bc71.759±0.80b77.55±0.87c80.53±1.07bc
300.08±0.01c74.66±1.43a79.29±1.18b82.33±1.72b
400.08±0.01c75.74±0.06a81.95±0.74a84.58±0.48a
500.07±0.00c75.02±1.52a83.58±0.82a86.27±0.37a
), ArticleFig(id=1261336331997798541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Effect of different compound gel additions on cooking qualities, strip breakage rate and texture properties of highland barley noodles

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
复合凝胶添加量(%)蒸煮损失率(%)吸水率(%)断条率(%)硬度(N)弹性咀嚼性(N·s)
075.00±4.37a109.20±2.84c95.00±5.00a23.04±2.15e0.45±0.03c6.99±0.09e
1036.42±3.36b113.63±2.73c51.67±2.89b44.23±2.07d0.55±0.01c20.82±1.29d
2029.53±4.97bc119.02±2.22b38.33±2.89c69.58±3.78c0.73±0.03b31.61±2.27c
3025.15±5.71cd120.97±2.35ab25.00±5.00d73.92±4.82c0.72±0.04b33.69±4.40c
4019.25±5.37d124.68±2.10a18.33±2.89e81.13±3.57b0.77±0.07b39.33±1.69b
5018.00±1.10d126.09±4.68a21.67±2.89de93.21±2.68a0.91±0.11a52.14±3.97a
), ArticleFig(id=1261336332429811858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336282085581508, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同复合凝胶添加量对青稞面条蒸煮品质、断条率和TPA特性的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
复合凝胶添加量(%)蒸煮损失率(%)吸水率(%)断条率(%)硬度(N)弹性咀嚼性(N·s)
075.00±4.37a109.20±2.84c95.00±5.00a23.04±2.15e0.45±0.03c6.99±0.09e
1036.42±3.36b113.63±2.73c51.67±2.89b44.23±2.07d0.55±0.01c20.82±1.29d
2029.53±4.97bc119.02±2.22b38.33±2.89c69.58±3.78c0.73±0.03b31.61±2.27c
3025.15±5.71cd120.97±2.35ab25.00±5.00d73.92±4.82c0.72±0.04b33.69±4.40c
4019.25±5.37d124.68±2.10a18.33±2.89e81.13±3.57b0.77±0.07b39.33±1.69b
5018.00±1.10d126.09±4.68a21.67±2.89de93.21±2.68a0.91±0.11a52.14±3.97a
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玉米醇溶蛋白-青稞粉复合凝胶网络对无麸质青稞面条品质的影响
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黄继鹏 , 邝吉卫 * , 党斌 *
食品工业科技 | 研究与探讨 2026,47(9): 133-140
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食品工业科技 | 研究与探讨 2026, 47(9): 133-140
玉米醇溶蛋白-青稞粉复合凝胶网络对无麸质青稞面条品质的影响
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黄继鹏 , 邝吉卫* , 党斌*
作者信息
  • 青海大学/青海省农林科学院,青海省青藏高原农产品加工重点实验室/青海省农林科学院青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室/省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁 810016
  • 黄继鹏(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:谷物深加工理论,E-mail:

通讯作者:

邝吉卫(1993−),男,博士,助理研究员,研究方向:谷物食品关键组分相互作用及品质调控,E-mail:
党斌(1980−),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:农产品品质评价与加工利用,E-mail:
Effects of Zein-Highland Barley Flour Composite Gel Network on the Quality of Gluten-free Highland Barley Noodles
Jipeng HUANG , Jiwei KUANG* , Bin DANG*
Affiliations
  • Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau/Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Germplasm Resources Research and Utilization/State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University/Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining 810016, China
出版时间: 2026-05-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040113
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为提高无麸质青稞面制品的食用品质,研究了玉米醇溶蛋白-青稞粉复合凝胶不同添加量(0%、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%质量分数)对青稞面团加工特性和面条品质的影响。结果表明,随着添加量由0%增大到50%,面团冻干粉糊化峰值温度由76.57 ℃增加到83.58 ℃,崩解值由876.00 cP降低到349.67 cP,回生值由1141.00 cP降低到816.67 cP;添加复合凝胶后面团黏弹性增强,微观结构也证实玉米醇溶蛋白形成了连续的网络结构,复合凝胶网络可为青稞面团提供结构支撑。与复合凝胶0%添加量相比,添加40%复合凝胶的青稞面条具有良好的蒸煮品质和质构特性,青稞面条的蒸煮损失减少55.75%,断条率下降76.67%,硬度提高了58.09 N,感官评分高于其余各组面条。综上,青稞粉-玉米醇溶蛋白凝胶网络可在无麸质青稞面团中起结构支持作用,并可提高青稞面条的蒸煮品质。

青稞  /  玉米醇溶蛋白  /  黏弹性  /  质构  /  蒸煮品质

To enhance the sensory quality of gluten-free highland barley flour products, this study investigated the effects of incorporating a highland barley flour-zein composite gel (at levels of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%, mass fractions) on the dough processing characteristics and noodle quality. The results showed that with the increase of the addition amount from 0% to 50%, the peak gelatinization temperature of dough freeze-dried powder increased from 76.57 ℃ to 83.58 ℃, the breakdown value decreased from 876.00 cP to 349.67 cP, and the setback value decreased from 1141.00 cP to 816.67 cP. After adding composite gel, the viscoelasticity of the dough was enhanced, and the microstructure also confirmed that zein formed a continuous network structure, and the composite gel network could provide structural support for highland barley dough. Compared with the 0% addition of composite gel, the highland barley noodles with 40% compound gel had good cooking quality and texture characteristics, and the cooking loss of highland barley noodles was reduced by 55.75%, the breakage rate was reduced by 76.67%, the hardness was increased by 58.09 N, and the sensory score was higher than that of the other noodles. In conclusion, the highland barley flour-zein gel network serves as a structural support mechanism in gluten-free highland barley doughs and significantly improves cooking quality in highland barley noodles.

highland barley  /  zein  /  viscoelasticity  /  texture  /  cooking quality
黄继鹏, 邝吉卫, 党斌. 玉米醇溶蛋白-青稞粉复合凝胶网络对无麸质青稞面条品质的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (9) : 133 -140 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040113
Jipeng HUANG, Jiwei KUANG, Bin DANG. Effects of Zein-Highland Barley Flour Composite Gel Network on the Quality of Gluten-free Highland Barley Noodles[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (9) : 133 -140 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040113
随着乳糜泻相关疾病的增加,无麸质食品的需求显著增长[1]。青稞(Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f)因其高蛋白、高膳食纤维、低脂肪的营养组成而受到研究人员的关注[2],但由于缺乏面筋蛋白导致其在面制品上的应用受到一定的限制[3]。面筋蛋白可赋予面团黏弹性和延展性,没有面筋蛋白支撑的面团较为脆弱,难以整型加工制作出感官品质优良的产品,因此研究人员通过添加品质改良剂和优化生产工艺来改良青稞面制品的品质[4]。虽然添加面筋蛋白是最直接的改良方法,但对于乳糜泻患者而言,面筋蛋白可能诱发免疫反应并导致肠道损伤,引发腹泻、呕吐、便秘等症状[5],因此急需无麸质的改良剂以满足青稞面制品低升糖指数和无麸质的要求。
目前常用的无麸质品质改良剂包括无机盐类、非麸质蛋白、食用胶、营养强化剂和酶制剂等[4]。玉米醇溶蛋白(Zein)作为一种无麸质改良剂,具有不引发麸质过敏反应和升糖效应较弱的特点,水合后表现出与麸质(面筋蛋白)类似的黏弹性,适用于无麸质杂粮面条的研发[6]。然而,天然玉米醇溶蛋白分散性较差,其玻璃化转变温度(Tg)高于面筋蛋白,室温下无法完成玻璃化转变,当水合温度低于其玻璃化转变温度时,其黏弹性和延展性较差。因此,需对天然玉米醇溶蛋白进行适当改性。已有研究报道了热处理、脱脂、微流化、醋酸塑化、碱处理、超声波处理、高压水静压处理修饰玉米醇溶蛋白的功能特性[79]。与传统处理方法相比,微波具有低能耗、产品品质高等优点,微波使食品物料中的极性分子在高频电场作用下发生相互摩擦和碰撞,将微波场能转化为热能,使物料温度升高,使用微波处理可使玉米醇溶蛋白在玻璃化转变温度以上水合,处理后玉米醇溶蛋白在室温下也可保持稳定的黏弹性[10-11]。玉米醇溶蛋白的添加通常有两种方式:第一种是在加水之前将玉米醇溶蛋白和淀粉预混,之后将混合粉与预热的水在恒温条件下混合以制备均匀的黏弹性面团。另一种是将玉米醇溶蛋白先水合制成凝胶,然后与粉体混合,通过施加外力达到玉米醇溶蛋白网络在面粉中均匀分布的目的,相比于第二种方式,粉体混合后进行水合获得的凝胶分布更加均匀,对面团加工性能改良效果更佳,故研究人员大多使用微波处理玉米醇溶蛋白-淀粉混合物使其完成水合过程[11]
基于此,本研究采用微波处理青稞粉与玉米醇溶蛋白混合物,该处理同时实现了淀粉预糊化和玉米醇溶蛋白玻璃化转变的双重改性效果。将所得复合凝胶按梯度比例(0%~50%)添加到青稞粉中制备面条,通过多尺度表征手段系统研究面团的微观结构特征、流变学特性和水分分布、面团冻干粉的热力学特性与糊化特性以及成品面条的质构特性与蒸煮品质。本研究旨在阐明复合凝胶对青稞粉加工特性和面团品质的影响机制,研究在不添加麸质的情况下,获得具有良好质构特性的青稞面条,同时解决高青稞含量面条的筋道不足以及蒸煮特性差、断条率高等问题,不仅为开发高品质无麸质青稞面制品提供理论支撑,也为拓展青稞在特殊膳食中的应用开辟新途径。
商用玉米醇溶蛋白(蛋白含量93.7%),主要成分为α-玉米醇溶蛋白 上海源叶生物科技有限公司;青稞粉(其中水分7.70%、灰分1.61%、总淀粉59.00%、粗蛋白8.83%、粗脂肪1.82%、粗纤维1.39%) 青海新丁香粮油有限责任公司;异硫氰酸荧光素(Fluorescein isothiocyanate,FITC)、罗丹明B 美国Sigma-Aldrich公司;所有其他化学试剂均为国产分析纯 购自北京化学试剂公司。
TGL-20M高速冷冻离心机 湖南长沙湘仪离心机仪器有限公司;TGA型流变仪 德国Thermo Scientific公司;DSC 214差示扫描量热仪 德国耐驰仪器制造有限公司;JSM-6610型高分辨扫描电子显微镜 日本HITACHI公司;FV101激光共聚焦扫描显微镜 日本Olympus公司;LGJ-12A真空冷冻干燥机 北京四环起航科技有限公司;G80F20CN1L-DG(S0)格兰仕微波炉 佛山市顺德区格兰仕微波炉电器有限公司;RVA-TM快速黏度分析仪 瑞典Perten公司;TMS-PRO质构仪 美国Food Technology Corporation公司;MesoMR23-060V-I核磁共振成像分析仪 上海纽迈电子科技有限公司;JY8-K2面条机 温州九羊八虎包装机械有限公司。
复合凝胶的制备参考Zhang等[9]的方法并稍作修改。将4 g青稞粉和1.6 g玉米醇溶蛋白预混合,随后加入8 mL蒸馏水充分搅拌均匀,使用微波炉在800 W下对混合物加热30 s以形成复合凝胶。
称取制备好的复合凝胶按不同比例(0%、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%质量分数)添加到青稞粉中混合均匀,根据预实验吸水率计算结果复合凝胶含水量为70%(质量分数),每百克混合物中分别加入50、43、36、29、22、15 mL去离子水以确保面团水分均为50%(质量分数),混合成团。取一部分面团冷冻干燥后粉碎,过80目筛进行糊化特性和热特性测定,其余面团放入面条机中进行压延,挤压而成的面条切分为长度一致的长条,摊开放置于托盘中并用保鲜膜密封备用。
参照Han等[12]的方法,采用扫描电子显微镜观察面团横截面的微观结构。用双面导电胶将冻干面团切片固定于样品台上,在离子溅射仪上喷金处理180 s,在加速电压1.00 kV下观察放大倍率500倍样品的微观结构[12]
参照McCann等[13]的方法,采用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜观察面团样品的内部结构。将样品冷冻后切成薄片,分别用异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC,0.02%,w/v)和罗丹明 B(0.025%,w/v)标记面团中的淀粉和蛋白质的分布情况。FITC和罗丹明B的激发/发射波长分别设定为488/518 nm和568/625 nm,用60×油镜观察冷冻切片样品组分分布状态。
参照厉桂宁等[14]的方法测定面团水分分布。取5 g面团样品放置于专用的检测管内,采用Carr-Purcel1-Meiboom-Gil1(CPMG)脉冲序列测定样品的自旋-自旋弛豫时间T2。参数设置如下:采样点数199990,回波个数8000,重复扫描次数12,半回波时间0.08 ms,衰减弛豫时间2000 ms,分析得到横向弛豫时间和峰面积比例。
根据Kuang等[15]描述的方法,使用流变仪评估面团的流变学特性。将面团放在平行板之间(直径35 mm,间隙2 mm),刮去板外多余的面团,样品在25 ℃下平衡5 min后进行测试。
频率扫描测试:在应变0.2%条件下测试频率0.01~10 Hz范围内样品黏弹性随频率变化趋势,记录储能模量(G')、损耗模量(G'')及损耗角正切值(tanδ)。
蠕变-恢复测试:在10 Pa应力条件下进行测试,50 s加载/100 s卸载,得到面团的蠕变-恢复随时间变化曲线。
参照郁映涛等[16]的方法测定面团冻干粉的糊化特性。称取冷冻干燥后的面团冻干粉样品(3.0 g,干基)放入铝钵中,加入去离子水25.0 mL,放入搅拌桨搅匀后进行测试。测试程序设置为:50 ℃平衡1 min,以12 ℃/min的速率加热到95 ℃,之后95 ℃保持2.5 min,再以12 ℃/min的速率冷却到50 ℃,然后50 ℃保持2 min。搅拌速度前10 s为960 r/min,之后速度维持在160 r/min。统计并计算得出峰值黏度、谷值黏度、终值黏度、崩解值、回生值和糊化温度等指标。
参考Fu等[17]的方法并稍作修改。采用差示扫描量热仪测定面团冻干粉的热力学性质,准确称量3 mg样品到铝制样品锅中,按质量比1:4的比例加入蒸馏水,密封压盖,4 ℃平衡24 h后,以密封压盖的空铝盒为参照进行热特性分析。测定参数:氮气流速60 mL/min,温度扫描范围设置20~120 ℃,升温速率10 ℃/min。分析得到热焓值、起始温度、峰值温度、终值温度。
吸水率:参照郭平平等[18]的方法并稍作修改,将20根面条放入500 mL沸水中蒸煮,煮至面条白芯刚好消失时捞出,用蒸馏水冷却后摊开于试验台,用滤纸吸干水分称重,记为m1。吸水率(CAR)经公式(1)(2)计算得出。
$\rm m_{2}= m-(m\times W) $
$\rm CAR(\text{%})= \frac{{m_1-m_2}}{{m_2}}\times 100 $
式中:m1为面条煮后的重量(g);m2为生鲜面条中干物质的重量(g);m为实验中称取的面条质量(g);W为面条的水分含量(%)。
蒸煮损失:将面汤加水定容至1000 mL后室温冷却。干燥箱烘干铝盒至恒重后,称取记录铝盒重量,记m3。用移液枪吸取20 mL的面汤移至小铝盒中,将加样后的铝盒放进干燥箱,105 ℃温度下烘干4 h。取出铝盒等待冷却恒重后称重,记m4。根据公式(3)计算出蒸煮损失率(CLR)。
$\rm CLR(\text{%})= \frac{{m_4-m_3}}{m_t\times (1-W)}\times 100 $
式中:m3为加样前干燥至恒重铝盒重量(g);m4为加样后干燥至恒重铝盒重量(g);mt为实验中称取的面条质量(g);W为面条的水分含量(%)。
断条率:取20根15 cm的面条于500 mL蒸馏水中煮制,面条煮至白芯刚好消失时捞出,数出完整面条的根数。面条的断条率计算见式(4)。
$\rm 断条率(\text{%})= \frac{{20-n}}{{20}}\text{×100} $
式中:n为面条达到最佳蒸煮时间后捞出的完整面条数。
参考Zhang等[6,9]的方法并稍作改动,将1.2.7中煮好的面条摊开于试验台,用滤纸吸干水分。使用质构仪测定其质构特性,选HDP/PFS探头型号,进行TPA测试;测试前、中、后探头速度均为0.8 mm/s;压缩程度为75%,感应力为5 g;两次压缩间的间隔时间设置为2 s。
参考邢露露等[19]的方法并稍作改动,选取10名专业人员对面条的色泽、表观状态、口感与食味进行评分,评分标准见表1
每项测试均重复3次,实验结果以“平均值±标准差”的形式表示。采用SPSS软件利用邓肯多重范围检验法进行差异显著性(P<0.05)分析。运用Origin 2021软件进行绘图。
扫描电子显微镜拍摄的面团横截面的微观结构如图1所示。青稞淀粉呈椭圆形和球形,表面平整光滑,网络结构呈现出连续相,淀粉颗粒均匀分布在复合凝胶网络结构中,共同维持了面团稳定的结构。当复合凝胶添加量为0%时,面团淀粉分子聚集,结构松散,面团内部有部分裂缝,这是由于青稞粉中的蛋白无法形成稳定网络结构以支撑面团。与对照相比,随着复合凝胶添加量的增大,面团结构更加均匀,裂缝减少。微波处理后,淀粉颗粒糊化形成淀粉凝胶,而玉米醇溶蛋白则经历玻璃化转变,形成具有黏弹性和柔韧性的蛋白质网络。当将生粉引入时,该凝胶牢固地结合青稞粉中的淀粉颗粒,使面团结构变得更加紧凑,这是添加复合凝胶增强面团延展性的原因[20]
通过激光共聚焦显微镜显示了面团组分的分布情况,如图2所示,绿色物质代表染色后的淀粉组分,红色物质代表染色后的蛋白组分。玉米醇溶蛋白呈现出紧密有序的网络结构,面团中蛋白是连续相作为面团的骨架,淀粉填充于网络结构的孔洞中。未添加复合凝胶的面团蛋白质分布不均匀,结构松散且刚性较强,随着复合凝胶的添加蛋白质网络结构分布连续均匀,面团结构强度降低,这种网络结构对面团的黏弹性起着关键作用。
面团中水分分布的变化直接影响到面团的弹性、黏度、流变性能和保水能力[21]。采用低场核磁共振(LF-NMR)技术分析了复合凝胶对青稞面团水分分布的影响。图3结果表明,复合凝胶的添加显著改变了面团的水分结合状态(P<0.05)。横向弛豫时间T2表示水分的自由度,复合凝胶的添加量对面团的T21无显著影响,但是会导致T22弛豫时间减小(表2),这说明水分与大分子结合紧密,自由度降低[22];随着复合凝胶添加量增加,在添加量为50%时,A21和A22分别增加了0.32%和0.81%,而A23降低了1.13%,说明面团内部单分子层的结合水和多分子层水增加,自由水相对含量减少。这种变化主要源于微波处理使淀粉颗粒部分破损,暴露出更多的亲水基团,玉米醇溶蛋白的引入增加了蛋白质-水相互作用位点,使水分吸附更多且结合紧密,同时玉米醇溶蛋白-淀粉形成的三维网络结构有效地限制了面团水分迁移[23]
为了研究面团的黏弹性,进行了频率的动态振荡扫描,如图4A、4B所示,所有样品均表现出典型的弱凝胶特性(G'>G''),面团中弹性大于黏性,随着频率的增大,面团的储能模量(G')和损耗模量(G'')均呈现增大趋势[24];随着复合凝胶添加量的增大,面团样品的G'、G''均逐渐减小。所有样品tanδ(G''/G')值均小于1,说明样品是弹性均大于黏性的弱凝胶,有着类似固体的黏弹性行为[25]。tanδ值越大,表明面团黏性占比越大,表现为更强的流动性,说明适量添加复合凝胶使得样品黏弹性增大[26]。青稞粉颗粒紧密地填充在凝胶网络中,增强了面团均匀性和密度,从而增强面团的整体延展性[3,27]。淀粉糊化可以增强面团之间的黏合强度,微波使得复合凝胶中淀粉部分糊化,玉米醇溶蛋白玻璃化转变,增强了面团黏弹性[28]
面团样品的蠕变-回复曲线如图4C所示,最大蠕变应变表征了面团的强度[29]。所有添加复合凝胶的样品曲线均高于全青稞粉面团,且随复合凝胶添加量的增大,样品的应变曲线逐渐上升,曲线拐点逐渐前移,面团抗形变能力增强,表明复合凝胶形成的网络结构可为面团提供良好的支撑。
采用快速黏度分析仪测定不同复合凝胶添加量面团冻干粉的糊化特性(表3)。结果表明,随着复合凝胶添加量的增加,面团冻干粉的峰值黏度、谷值黏度和终值黏度均呈现显著降低趋势(P<0.05)。同时,崩解值和回生值也显著减小(P<0.05),复合凝胶添加量由0%增加到50%,崩解值和回生值分别从876.00 cP和1141.00 cP降至349.67 cP和816.67 cP。复合凝胶的添加提高了面团冻干粉的糊化温度,升高的糊化温度表明淀粉颗粒具有更强的抗膨胀和抗崩解能力,这与观察到的较低糊化黏度和崩解值结果相互印证[30]
糊化过程的本质是淀粉颗粒结晶区与非晶区分子间氢键的热断裂,导致淀粉分子分散形成亲水性胶体[31]。面团冻干粉样品的糊化特性与其中淀粉的含量相关,蛋白质的添加降低了体系总淀粉含量,而面团中蛋白质-淀粉交联网络的形成限制了淀粉的高温膨胀,包裹在淀粉颗粒表面的蛋白质层阻碍了水分渗透,从而延迟糊化进程,这些协同作用最终表现为糊化温度升高和黏度参数降低的特征[3233]。崩解值反映糊化过程中直链淀粉的溶出程度,而回生值表征淀粉凝胶的老化倾向[34]。添加复合凝胶导致面团冻干粉崩解值和回生值降低,直链淀粉溶出减少,可使产品不易回生,热稳定性增强。
通过差示扫描量热法分析了复合凝胶添加对青稞面团冻干粉热特性的影响。由表4可知,与复合凝胶添加量0%的样品相比,随着复合凝胶添加量的增大,面团冻干粉的热焓值(ΔH)呈降低趋势,糊化起始温度(To)、峰值温度(Tp)和终止温度(Tc)均呈现增大趋势。在面团中玉米醇溶蛋白形成网络结构支撑并包裹淀粉颗粒,阻碍了热传导和水分迁移,玉米醇溶蛋白的存在也会干扰淀粉溶胀,延迟糊化过程,表现为To和Tp的增加,从而在热加工过程中,使得面团冻干粉热焓值降低[35]。当复合凝胶添加量超过40%后,糊化温度指标不再显著升高,凝胶结构在面团冻干粉体系中作用达到最大,对糊化过程延迟作用不显著。
青稞面条的蒸煮损失率、吸水率和断条率如表5所示。随着复合凝胶添加量的增大,面条吸水率呈现显著升高趋势(P<0.05),蒸煮损失率和断条率则显著降低(P<0.05)。复合凝胶添加量为10%时面条蒸煮损失率和断条率较未添加复合凝胶降低显著(P<0.05),表明复合凝胶对面条蒸煮品质改良效果显著,当添加量超过40%时,添加复合凝胶对面条的蒸煮损失率和吸水率改善作用无显著差异(P>0.05)。面条的吸水率反映了面条蒸煮过程中吸收水分的能力,传统杂粮面团的黏弹性、韧性和延伸性差,从而影响了面团的加工性能及面条品质,会出现面条断条率高、易糊汤、蒸煮损失率高等情况[4]。复合凝胶结构的添加增强了面团黏弹性,促进水分的重新分布,水分与玉米醇溶蛋白-青稞粉网络结构紧密结合[36],同时面团冻干粉有着高蛋白质含量及低膨胀度的特点,这些因素共同作用从而降低了蒸煮损失率和断条率,吸水率显著提高。该结果与流变学特性、微观结构和水分分布等测定结果一致。
表5反映了青稞面条的质构特性,随着复合凝胶添加量增大,面条的硬度、弹性和咀嚼性都显著增加(P<0.05),50%复合凝胶添加量与0%复合凝胶添加量相比,硬度显著提升了304.56%,弹性提高了102.22%。这些结果表明复合凝胶可以改善青稞面条口感,这与流变学特性测定结果一致。复合凝胶添加量40%的青稞面条硬度(81.13 N)接近小麦面条(43.00~74.00 N),弹性(0.77)优于普通杂粮面条(0.4~0.6),咀嚼性与传统面条无显著差异(P>0.05)[14,37]。与未添加复合凝胶的青稞粉面条相比,添加了复合凝胶的面条质构更优良,复合凝胶改善了杂粮面制品食用品质。
六组面条样品的感官评分结果如图5所示,复合凝胶0%添加量的面条色泽和食味评分较高,表观形态、韧性、黏性和光滑性评分均低于添加复合凝胶的面条,复合凝胶的添加可显著改善面条的韧性、黏性和光滑性(P<0.05),随着复合凝胶添加量增大,面条的韧性、黏性和光滑性评分都显著增加。当复合凝胶添加量达到50%时,复合凝胶对面条的口感改善作用减弱,面条黏性过大导致其感官评分较低,此时面条青稞香气减弱,食味平淡。由此可知复合凝胶可增加面条黏性和韧性以改善青稞面条口感,复合凝胶添加量40%的面条综合感官最高,咀嚼性较好,被认为具有较好的口感。
综上所述,玉米醇溶蛋白-青稞粉复合凝胶对无麸质青稞面条品质具有良好的改良效果。由于玉米醇溶蛋白在面团中形成了连续的网络结构,因此可以起到良好的结构支撑作用。复合凝胶的存在延缓了青稞粉的糊化过程,同时提高了其抗膨胀和抗崩解能力,增强了面团的黏弹性和强度,改善了青稞面条的蒸煮品质;当复合凝胶添加量达到50%时,对糊化过程延迟作用不显著,面团黏弹性增大使面条黏性增强,感官评分相比于低添加量组降低,导致复合凝胶对面条的改善作用减弱。总的来说,添加量为40%时拥有最佳改良效果,改善了传统青稞面条的加工和食用品质,拓展了青稞的高值化利用途径。
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040113
  • 接收时间:2025-04-09
  • 首发时间:2026-05-13
  • 出版时间:2026-05-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-09
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    青海大学/青海省农林科学院,青海省青藏高原农产品加工重点实验室/青海省农林科学院青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室/省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁 810016

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邝吉卫(1993−),男,博士,助理研究员,研究方向:谷物食品关键组分相互作用及品质调控,E-mail:
党斌(1980−),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向:农产品品质评价与加工利用,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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