Article(id=1261336278134567381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1261336272929472630, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040062, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743955200000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1778655603202, onlineDateStr=2026-05-13, pubDate=1777564800000, pubDateStr=2026-05-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1778655603202, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-05-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1778655603202, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1778655603202, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1261336272929472630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='504', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1778655601961, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1778657530282, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1261344361019728695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1261336272929472630, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1261344361019728696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1261336272929472630, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=182, endPage=189, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1261336278717575640, articleId=1261336278134567381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effect of Berberine Hydrochloride on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Chicken Myoblasts and the Mechanism Analysis, columnId=1261336275769016441, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Bioengineering, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To explore the effect of berberine hydrochloride on the proliferation and differentiation of chicken myoblasts. In this study, the effects of berberine hydrochloride on cell proliferation and differentiation were detected by CCK-8 assay, EdU staining and Desmin immunofluorescence staining. The gene expression levels of myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) and myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD) were determined by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The effects of berberine hydrochloride on the gene expression profiles of chicken myoblasts were also investigated by RNA sequencing analysis. The results showed that berberine hydrochloride treatment significantly promoted the proliferation of chicken myoblasts while inhibiting the expression of MYOD (P<0.01) and MYF5 (P<0.05). Desmin staining showed slightly weaker fluorescence signals in the cytoplasm of the experimental group than that of the control group, indicating that berberine hydrochloride inhibited the differentiation of chicken myoblasts to a certain extent. In addition, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis (GO) showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in extracellular space and matrix, cell adhesion, and cell migration regulation after berberine hydrochloride treatment; Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis (KEGG) showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in tyrosine metabolism, TGF-β signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and cell adhesion molecule-related signaling pathway. The RT-qPCR results showed that in the TGF-β pathway, the expression of Inhibitor of DNA Binding 1 (ID1) and Paired-like Homeodomain Transcription Factor 2 (PITX2) was upregulated, while Follistatin (FST) was downregulated. In the MAPK pathway, the pro-proliferative genes Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2), Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 (FGF7), FBJ Murine Osteosarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (FOS), Fms-related Tyrosine Kinase 1 (FLT1), and MAPK-activated Protein Kinase 3 (MAPKAPK3) were all upregulated, whereas the calcium channel gene Calcium Voltage-gated Channel Subunit Alpha1 E (CACNA1E) was downregulated. These findings suggested that berberine hydrochloride might synergistically regulate the proliferation-differentiation balance of myoblasts through the interaction between the TGF-β and MAPK signaling pathways. In this study, we found that berberine hydrochloride promoted the proliferation of chicken myoblasts and analyzed the molecular mechanism and provided theoretical support for the efficient culture of chicken myoblasts in vitro.

, correspAuthors=Shouwei WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wenjia REN, Pengfei ZHAO, Chang LI, Yingying LI, Duo TANG, Yisen LIU, Shouwei WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1261336287764689420, articleId=1261336278134567381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞增殖分化的影响及机制解析, columnId=1261336277547401341, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=生物工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞增殖分化的影响。本研究通过CCK-8法、EdU染色法以及肌间线蛋白(Desmin)免疫荧光染色检测盐酸小檗碱对细胞增殖和分化的影响,通过实时荧光定量PCR实验(RT-qPCR)对生肌因子5(Myogenic Factor 5,MYF5)和生肌分化因子(Myogenic Differentiation 1,MYOD)基因表达水平进行测定,同时通过转录组测序技术探究盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞基因表达谱的影响。结果表明,盐酸小檗碱处理显著促进了鸡成肌细胞增殖,同时抑制MYODP<0.01)和MYF5P<0.05)表达,Desmin染色在实验组胞质内荧光信号略弱于对照组,表明盐酸小檗碱在一定程度上抑制鸡成肌细胞的分化。此外,基因本体论富集分析(Gene Ontology,GO)表明,盐酸小檗碱处理后差异基因主要富集在细胞外空间与基质、细胞粘附、细胞迁移调节等方面;京都基因与基因组百科全书富集分析(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)表明,差异基因主要富集在酪氨酸代谢、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)信号通路、促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases,MAPK)信号通路以及细胞粘附分子相关信号通路;RT-qPCR结果显示在TGF-β通路中DNA结合抑制因子1(Inhibitor of DNA Binding 1,ID1)和垂体同源盒转录因子2(Paired-like Homeodomain Transcription Factor 2,PITX2)表达上调,而卵泡抑素(Follistatin,FST)表达下调,在MAPK通路中,促增殖基因胰岛素样生长因子2(Insulin-like Growth Factor 2,IGF2)、成纤维细胞生长因子7(Fibroblast Growth Factor 7,FGF7)、FBJ骨肉瘤癌基因转录因子(FBJ Murine Osteosarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog,FOS)、血管内皮生长因子受体1(Fms-related Tyrosine Kinase 1,FLT1)和MAPK活化蛋白激酶3(MAPK-activated Protein Kinase 3,MAPKAPK3)表达均上调,而钙通道基因电压门控钙通道α1E亚基(Calcium Voltage-gated Channel Subunit Alpha1 E,CACNA1E)下调,表明盐酸小檗碱可能通过TGF-β/MAPK通路的交互作用,协同调控成肌细胞的增殖-分化平衡。本研究发现盐酸小檗碱促进鸡成肌细胞增殖并对其中的分子机制进行了解析和验证,同时为体外高效培养鸡成肌细胞提供了理论支持。

, correspAuthors=王守伟, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
王守伟(1961−),男,硕士,教授级高级工程师,研究方向:食品安全与食品加工,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=tWDyeqgGUPkUIpPDS4sRjQ==, magXml=MDBLjsiE2wB0AccMlNiyIw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=PVI6i/mFeruAOieOxMD0AQ==, pdfFileSize=8139612, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=jMnGuYTaVRcgecE3dzmfuw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=iSzubdBEqCl+RQe77/muqw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

任文佳(1998−),女,硕士,初级工程师,研究方向:无血清培养基研发,E-mail:

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任文佳(1998−),女,硕士,初级工程师,研究方向:无血清培养基研发,E-mail:

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任文佳(1998−),女,硕士,初级工程师,研究方向:无血清培养基研发,E-mail:

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注:蓝色:DAPI,红色:PAX7。

, figureFileSmall=g4U2Im9oDjtD2d63pVUPzw==, figureFileBig=jMnGuYTaVRcgecE3dzmfuw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336331188319058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Screening of optimal concentration of BBR, figureFileSmall=aCSW19mGwatbbO6bZgndSA==, figureFileBig=C18FgDIjzbzftxCk3OGQGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336332010402650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=CN, label=图2, caption=盐酸小檗碱最适浓度筛选

注:ns无统计学意义,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,图3图4同。

, figureFileSmall=aCSW19mGwatbbO6bZgndSA==, figureFileBig=C18FgDIjzbzftxCk3OGQGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336332899595107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=BBR promotes the proliferation of chicken myoblasts, figureFileSmall=TIABuOEFnkEOg5Ex3WOOXQ==, figureFileBig=XJKkBv4HY7y+PKKa7vyDDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336333457437543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=CN, label=图3, caption=盐酸小檗碱促进鸡成肌细胞增殖

注:A. 0~4 d鸡成肌细胞相对增殖倍数;B. 第0 d和第4 d OD值差值;C. EdU实验检测鸡成肌细胞增殖能力;D. EdU实验组间差异统计。

, figureFileSmall=TIABuOEFnkEOg5Ex3WOOXQ==, figureFileBig=XJKkBv4HY7y+PKKa7vyDDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336335651058541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effect of BBR on the differentiation of chicken myoblasts, figureFileSmall=WPZ638hSeuaPHzjghGUSFA==, figureFileBig=7y2lI2AT4nUWMqfmD/dtQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336336288592754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=CN, label=图4, caption=盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞分化的影响

注:A. 免疫荧光染色Desmin蛋白,蓝色:DAPI,红色:Desmin;B. RT-qPCR检测盐酸小檗碱处理细胞后MYF5MYOD在mRNA水平表达变化。

, figureFileSmall=WPZ638hSeuaPHzjghGUSFA==, figureFileBig=7y2lI2AT4nUWMqfmD/dtQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336337446220663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes under the action of BBR, figureFileSmall=ziZSDKOZSjW7Ek0paW0l/A==, figureFileBig=CxyInB9XubsRe8k/Kt0aag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336337878233978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=CN, label=图5, caption=盐酸小檗碱作用下差异基因的转录组分析

注:A. 盐酸小檗碱处理后差异基因表达火山图;蓝色点、红色点和灰色点分别代表下调表达基因、上调表达基因和无差异表达基因;fold change表示差异表达倍数,P值表示差异显著性;B. 盐酸小檗碱作用下差异基因的GO富集分析;气泡颜色偏红表示富集程度高,气泡颜色偏蓝则表示富集程度低,气泡大小表示基因数量;C. 盐酸小檗碱作用下差异基因的KEGG富集分析;气泡颜色偏红表示富集程度高;气泡颜色偏蓝表示富集程度低;气泡大小表示基因数量。

, figureFileSmall=ziZSDKOZSjW7Ek0paW0l/A==, figureFileBig=CxyInB9XubsRe8k/Kt0aag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336338696123264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Expression of TGF-β signaling pathway genes under the effect of BBR, figureFileSmall=gcBl4Fbsl83xOkIadadzfA==, figureFileBig=/L4X5YvE0cl80r/pj1xs1w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336340373844872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=CN, label=图6, caption=盐酸小檗碱作用下TGF-β信号通路基因表达情况

注:ns:无统计学意义,*P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=gcBl4Fbsl83xOkIadadzfA==, figureFileBig=/L4X5YvE0cl80r/pj1xs1w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336341086876555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Expression of MAPK signaling pathway genes under the effect of BBR, figureFileSmall=ODrU35waBOsDBPQA9L9V+w==, figureFileBig=l7vVkJebKvKjX5RSN6y3UA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336341720216466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=CN, label=图7, caption=盐酸小檗碱作用下MAPK信号通路基因表达情况

注:*P<0.05,**P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=ODrU35waBOsDBPQA9L9V+w==, figureFileBig=l7vVkJebKvKjX5RSN6y3UA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336342223532952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primer sequences

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列(5’-3’)
GAPDHF: GTCGGAGTCAACGGATTTGGR: TTCCCGTTCTCAGCCTTGAC
MYF5F: CTCCGATGTGATGGCGGACR: CGATGCTGGAGAGGCAGTC
MYODF: GGGAACCCACACGAGGAGGAGR: CGGTCAGCGTTGGTGGTCTTC
ID1F: CCGGAGGGTCTCTAAAGTGGR: GGCACAGTATGCGGTCGG
BMP4F: GGGCTTCCACCGGATAAACAR: ACATCAAAGGTCTCCCAGCG
PITX2F: GAAGGACCCGTTAAGCCTGGR: CGCTTCTTCTTGGAGGGGTC
FSTF: CAGCCATTGGGCACGAAATCR: CACTGCTCTTCCCGTAACGA
IGF2F: TCAGTAGACCAGTGGGACGAR: CGGACTTGGCACAGTAGGTT
FGF7F: GGATCCTGCCAATTTTGCTCTR: TTCTGGTATGTCGCTCAGGG
FOSF: ATGATGTACCAGGGCTTCGCR: CCCATGCTGGAGAAGGAGTC
FLT1F: ACAGCGCATTGACCAGAAGAR: GGTCCACTCTTCACATGGCA
MAPKAPK3F: ATTCGAATGGGGCAGTATGGGR: CCTATGGTTGCACTTTGCAGG
CACNA1EF: TACCTTCCCGTGGACACTCAR: GAGGTGTTGGTGCGTTTGTC
), ArticleFig(id=1261336344161301411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336278134567381, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列(5’-3’)
GAPDHF: GTCGGAGTCAACGGATTTGGR: TTCCCGTTCTCAGCCTTGAC
MYF5F: CTCCGATGTGATGGCGGACR: CGATGCTGGAGAGGCAGTC
MYODF: GGGAACCCACACGAGGAGGAGR: CGGTCAGCGTTGGTGGTCTTC
ID1F: CCGGAGGGTCTCTAAAGTGGR: GGCACAGTATGCGGTCGG
BMP4F: GGGCTTCCACCGGATAAACAR: ACATCAAAGGTCTCCCAGCG
PITX2F: GAAGGACCCGTTAAGCCTGGR: CGCTTCTTCTTGGAGGGGTC
FSTF: CAGCCATTGGGCACGAAATCR: CACTGCTCTTCCCGTAACGA
IGF2F: TCAGTAGACCAGTGGGACGAR: CGGACTTGGCACAGTAGGTT
FGF7F: GGATCCTGCCAATTTTGCTCTR: TTCTGGTATGTCGCTCAGGG
FOSF: ATGATGTACCAGGGCTTCGCR: CCCATGCTGGAGAAGGAGTC
FLT1F: ACAGCGCATTGACCAGAAGAR: GGTCCACTCTTCACATGGCA
MAPKAPK3F: ATTCGAATGGGGCAGTATGGGR: CCTATGGTTGCACTTTGCAGG
CACNA1EF: TACCTTCCCGTGGACACTCAR: GAGGTGTTGGTGCGTTTGTC
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盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞增殖分化的影响及机制解析
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任文佳 1, 2 , 赵鹏飞 1, 2 , 李畅 1, 2 , 李莹莹 1, 2 , 唐铎 1, 2 , 刘屹森 1, 2 , 王守伟 *, 1, 2
食品工业科技 | 生物工程 2026,47(9): 182-189
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食品工业科技 | 生物工程 2026, 47(9): 182-189
盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞增殖分化的影响及机制解析
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任文佳1, 2 , 赵鹏飞1, 2, 李畅1, 2, 李莹莹1, 2, 唐铎1, 2, 刘屹森1, 2, 王守伟*, 1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.中国肉类食品综合研究中心,北京食品科学研究院,北京 100068
  • 2.国家市场监督管理总局技术创新中心(动物替代蛋白),北京 100076
  • 任文佳(1998−),女,硕士,初级工程师,研究方向:无血清培养基研发,E-mail:

通讯作者:

王守伟(1961−),男,硕士,教授级高级工程师,研究方向:食品安全与食品加工,E-mail:
Effect of Berberine Hydrochloride on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Chicken Myoblasts and the Mechanism Analysis
Wenjia REN1, 2 , Pengfei ZHAO1, 2, Chang LI1, 2, Yingying LI1, 2, Duo TANG1, 2, Yisen LIU1, 2, Shouwei WANG*, 1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing 100068, China
  • 2.Technology Innovation Center of Animal-derived Protein Alternatives, State Administration for Market Regulation, Beijing 100076, China
出版时间: 2026-05-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040062
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为探究盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞增殖分化的影响。本研究通过CCK-8法、EdU染色法以及肌间线蛋白(Desmin)免疫荧光染色检测盐酸小檗碱对细胞增殖和分化的影响,通过实时荧光定量PCR实验(RT-qPCR)对生肌因子5(Myogenic Factor 5,MYF5)和生肌分化因子(Myogenic Differentiation 1,MYOD)基因表达水平进行测定,同时通过转录组测序技术探究盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞基因表达谱的影响。结果表明,盐酸小檗碱处理显著促进了鸡成肌细胞增殖,同时抑制MYODP<0.01)和MYF5P<0.05)表达,Desmin染色在实验组胞质内荧光信号略弱于对照组,表明盐酸小檗碱在一定程度上抑制鸡成肌细胞的分化。此外,基因本体论富集分析(Gene Ontology,GO)表明,盐酸小檗碱处理后差异基因主要富集在细胞外空间与基质、细胞粘附、细胞迁移调节等方面;京都基因与基因组百科全书富集分析(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)表明,差异基因主要富集在酪氨酸代谢、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)信号通路、促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases,MAPK)信号通路以及细胞粘附分子相关信号通路;RT-qPCR结果显示在TGF-β通路中DNA结合抑制因子1(Inhibitor of DNA Binding 1,ID1)和垂体同源盒转录因子2(Paired-like Homeodomain Transcription Factor 2,PITX2)表达上调,而卵泡抑素(Follistatin,FST)表达下调,在MAPK通路中,促增殖基因胰岛素样生长因子2(Insulin-like Growth Factor 2,IGF2)、成纤维细胞生长因子7(Fibroblast Growth Factor 7,FGF7)、FBJ骨肉瘤癌基因转录因子(FBJ Murine Osteosarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog,FOS)、血管内皮生长因子受体1(Fms-related Tyrosine Kinase 1,FLT1)和MAPK活化蛋白激酶3(MAPK-activated Protein Kinase 3,MAPKAPK3)表达均上调,而钙通道基因电压门控钙通道α1E亚基(Calcium Voltage-gated Channel Subunit Alpha1 E,CACNA1E)下调,表明盐酸小檗碱可能通过TGF-β/MAPK通路的交互作用,协同调控成肌细胞的增殖-分化平衡。本研究发现盐酸小檗碱促进鸡成肌细胞增殖并对其中的分子机制进行了解析和验证,同时为体外高效培养鸡成肌细胞提供了理论支持。

盐酸小檗碱  /  鸡成肌细胞  /  细胞增殖  /  细胞分化  /  转录组学

To explore the effect of berberine hydrochloride on the proliferation and differentiation of chicken myoblasts. In this study, the effects of berberine hydrochloride on cell proliferation and differentiation were detected by CCK-8 assay, EdU staining and Desmin immunofluorescence staining. The gene expression levels of myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) and myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD) were determined by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The effects of berberine hydrochloride on the gene expression profiles of chicken myoblasts were also investigated by RNA sequencing analysis. The results showed that berberine hydrochloride treatment significantly promoted the proliferation of chicken myoblasts while inhibiting the expression of MYOD (P<0.01) and MYF5 (P<0.05). Desmin staining showed slightly weaker fluorescence signals in the cytoplasm of the experimental group than that of the control group, indicating that berberine hydrochloride inhibited the differentiation of chicken myoblasts to a certain extent. In addition, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis (GO) showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in extracellular space and matrix, cell adhesion, and cell migration regulation after berberine hydrochloride treatment; Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis (KEGG) showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in tyrosine metabolism, TGF-β signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and cell adhesion molecule-related signaling pathway. The RT-qPCR results showed that in the TGF-β pathway, the expression of Inhibitor of DNA Binding 1 (ID1) and Paired-like Homeodomain Transcription Factor 2 (PITX2) was upregulated, while Follistatin (FST) was downregulated. In the MAPK pathway, the pro-proliferative genes Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2), Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 (FGF7), FBJ Murine Osteosarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (FOS), Fms-related Tyrosine Kinase 1 (FLT1), and MAPK-activated Protein Kinase 3 (MAPKAPK3) were all upregulated, whereas the calcium channel gene Calcium Voltage-gated Channel Subunit Alpha1 E (CACNA1E) was downregulated. These findings suggested that berberine hydrochloride might synergistically regulate the proliferation-differentiation balance of myoblasts through the interaction between the TGF-β and MAPK signaling pathways. In this study, we found that berberine hydrochloride promoted the proliferation of chicken myoblasts and analyzed the molecular mechanism and provided theoretical support for the efficient culture of chicken myoblasts in vitro.

berberine hydrochloride  /  chicken myoblasts  /  cell proliferation  /  cell differentiation  /  transcriptomics
任文佳, 赵鹏飞, 李畅, 李莹莹, 唐铎, 刘屹森, 王守伟. 盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞增殖分化的影响及机制解析. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (9) : 182 -189 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040062
Wenjia REN, Pengfei ZHAO, Chang LI, Yingying LI, Duo TANG, Yisen LIU, Shouwei WANG. Effect of Berberine Hydrochloride on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Chicken Myoblasts and the Mechanism Analysis[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (9) : 182 -189 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040062
随着全球人口的增长以及对安全、稳定和可持续食品供应需求的增加,开发新型食品生产技术正逐渐成为研究热点[13]。细胞培育肉(Cultured Meat)是通过体外培养动物肌肉细胞来生产可食用肌肉组织的技术,这一过程不仅有助于减少对传统畜牧业的依赖,还能对环境产生较小的负面影响[45]。在这一食品生物制造过程中,成肌细胞需通过增殖和分化形成肌管进而促进肌纤维的形成,因此,成肌细胞的增殖、分化是肌肉发育的关键步骤,也是当今细胞培育肉研发的重点[67]
肌肉的发育具有高度的可塑性,通过多种信号分子和转录因子的精细调控可以促进肌肉的发育[8]。探索能够安全、有效调控此过程的生物活性物质对优化细胞培养肉的效率和质量至关重要。盐酸小檗碱(Berberine Hydrochloride,BBR)也称为黄连素,是从中药黄连中提取的一种异喹啉类生物碱[910]。现代研究揭示了盐酸小檗碱广泛的生物学活性,其显著的抗菌和抗炎特性已被证实[1113],并在治疗肿瘤、糖尿病和心血管疾病方面显示出较高的临床应用价值[1415]。还有证据表明,盐酸小檗碱具有抗氧化作用[16],可用于高脂血症、阿尔兹海默病、糖尿病的研究[1719]。例如,盐酸小檗碱能够通过稳定低密度脂蛋白受体的mRNA来降低血中胆固醇和甘油三酯[20]。另一方面,盐酸小檗碱还被发现能够通过激活AMP活化蛋白激酶来改善葡萄糖耐量,减少体重,对肥胖和糖尿病具有潜在的治疗作用[21]。在细胞水平上,盐酸小檗碱对HL-60细胞的增殖和分化具有显著影响。研究表明,盐酸小檗碱能够抑制HL-60细胞的增殖,并诱导这些细胞向成熟细胞分化,同时细胞周期分析显示,小檗碱处理后细胞阻滞于G0/G1期,S期细胞明显减少[22]。在食品领域,黄连(含盐酸小檗碱)除药用外,可被用作食品中的天然苦味剂和抑菌防腐剂[23]。研究表明,盐酸小檗碱在体外对食源性致病菌(如大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌)具有抑制作用,可作为天然抗菌剂用于食品保鲜[24]。此外,也有研究表明小檗碱可作为天然食品补充剂供消费者使用[25]。然而,目前未有研究将盐酸小檗碱应用于鸡成肌细胞培养体系,其对鸡成肌细胞的增殖和分化作用尚不明确。
本研究从食品生物技术应用的角度出发,旨在探讨盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞增殖和分化的影响,并解析其潜在的作用机制,为细胞培育肉的生产提供重要的细胞生物学见解。此外,通过分子生物学技术探究盐酸小檗碱的作用机制,期望能揭示其对细胞增殖和分化相关关键细胞信号通路的调控作用,从而为优化细胞培育肉的生产流程和提高肌肉组织的产量提供科学依据。
鸡成肌细胞 分离自鸡胚胎期第10 d腿肌组织;盐酸小檗碱 纯度99.02%,上海MedChemExpress公司;基础培养基DMEM F-12、胎牛血清(Fetal Bovine Serum,FBS)、马血清 美国Gibco公司;青霉素-链霉素(Penicillin-Streptomycin Solution)、0.25%胰酶、CCK-8试剂、DAPI染料(1:500)、抗荧光淬灭封片剂、5% BSA封闭液 北京索莱宝科技有限公司;PBS 武汉普诺赛公司;Trizol 美国Ambion公司;一步法除基因组cDNA第一链合成预混试剂(KR118) 北京天根生化科技有限公司;Triton X-100、Edu检测试剂盒 上海碧云天生物技术有限公司;PAX7一抗(1:200)、Desmin一抗(1:200) Abclonal公司;ABflo®594-conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L)二抗(1:500) 美国CST公司。
HR40-IIB2生物安全柜、HCP-80/168/258 CO2培养箱 中国海尔集团公司;YB8恒温水浴锅 上海普锐马电子有限公司;低速离心机、EVOS™ XL Core配置细胞成像仪、A37834 MiniAmp热循环PCR仪、NanoDrop One微量UV-Vis分光光度计、QuantStudio 3型实时荧光定量PCR系统 美国赛默飞世尔科技公司;ECLIPSE Ti2-U倒置荧光显微镜 日本尼康公司;Halo-Lite细胞计数仪 北京高分生物科技有限公司;Synergy H4多功能酶标仪 美国伯腾仪器有限公司。
参照杨朝永等[26]的研究,将胚胎期第10 d鸡种蛋经75%酒精消毒后,用无菌镊子取出鸡胚,手术剪剥去腿部肌肉皮肤小心分离肌肉放置于含DMEM F-12完全培养基的培养皿中,将皿中肌肉剪碎后1000 r/min离心5 min,保留沉淀加入适量胰酶于37 ℃培养箱中消化至肌肉呈肉糜状,经200目细胞筛过滤后1000 r/min离心5 min,弃上清,加入完全培养基吹打混匀,接种至10 mm培养皿中,每隔1 h更换培养基纯化鸡成肌细胞,共纯化3次。
鸡成肌细胞使用添加1%青霉素-链霉素和10%胎牛血清的DMEM F-12培养基在37 ℃、5% CO2培养箱中进行培养。待细胞汇合度达90%时进行传代,细胞汇合度达60%~70%时添加盐酸小檗碱处理。
以1×105个/孔的密度将细胞接种至24孔板中,细胞贴壁后实验组替换为含盐酸小檗碱的完全培养基,对照组替换为含等量DMSO的完全培养基。培养48 h后用PBS清洗细胞,并用4%多聚甲醛固定30 min,0.5% Triton X-100通透完成后5% BSA封闭1 h,根据不同检测目的使用PAX7(1:200)或Desmin(1:200)一抗4 ℃孵育过夜,用PBS清洗细胞3次后二抗避光孵育1 h,DAPI染色10 min后使用抗荧光淬灭封片剂封片后在倒置荧光显微镜下成像。鸡成肌细胞的鉴定通过直接对孔板内的细胞进行染色实现。
收集对数生长期的鸡成肌细胞,按照每孔4×103个细胞接种于96孔板。待细胞贴壁后弃去原培养基,用新鲜培养基将盐酸小檗碱按照0、15、30、45、60、75、90、105、120 μmol/L的浓度进行稀释,每个浓度设置3个复孔,各加入200 μL稀释液,置于37 ℃、5% CO2培养箱中培养,以0 μmol/L盐酸小檗碱为对照组,空白组无细胞(仅添加等量完全培养基)。24 h后换成含有10% CCK-8溶液的无血清培养基继续孵育3 h,使用酶标仪检测450 nm波长处的吸光度值(OD值)。
收集对数生长期的鸡成肌细胞,按照每孔4×103个细胞接种于96孔板,置于37 ℃、5% CO2培养箱中。待细胞贴壁后弃去原培养基,更换含有45 μmol/L盐酸小檗碱的完全培养基继续培养细胞,对照组含与盐酸小檗碱等量的DMSO,空白组无细胞,每组设置5个复孔。分别在换液后的第0、1、2、3、4 d通过CCK-8法检测450 nm波长处的吸光值,检测方法参考1.2.3药物浓度筛选部分。将第4 d和第0 d测得的OD值作差得到OD(450 nm)变化值。同时以第0 d为对照,计算各组细胞相较于第0 d的相对增殖倍数,相对增殖倍数=(实验组OD值−空白组OD值)/(对照组OD值-空白组OD值)。
参照EdU检测试剂盒说明书,使用EdU处理细胞后,弃去培养液,加入4%多聚甲醛固定细胞,漂洗后用0.5% Triton X-100通透,加入Click反应液均匀覆盖样品,室温避光孵育30 min。然后加入DAPI对细胞核进行复染,使用荧光显微镜拍照。蓝色荧光代表检测到的细胞总数,绿色荧光代表增殖细胞。Edu阳性细胞百分比(%)=绿色荧光细胞数/蓝色荧光细胞数×100。
接种鸡成肌细胞,使用含有10% FBS和1%青链霉素的DMEM-F12培养基并置于37 ℃,5% CO2的培养箱中培养,待细胞贴壁后更换为含45 μmol/L盐酸小檗碱的完全培养基继续培养,在细胞汇合度达90%时换成无血清培养基继续培养24 h,然后使用含有2%马血清的DMEM F-12培养基诱导细胞分化约48 h。
盐酸小檗碱处理细胞48 h后,使用Trizol试剂裂解盐酸小檗碱组和对照组细胞,加入氯仿混匀4 ℃下12000 r/min离心10 min,吸去最上层上清液至新EP管中,添加异丙醇混匀后4 ℃下12000 r/min离心10 min,弃去上清,并添加70%无水乙醇清洗沉淀后4 ℃下12000 r/min离心5 min,根据沉淀量添加适量无菌无酶水溶解沉淀获得总RNA。使用天根一步法cDNA第一链合成预混试剂按照说明书将总RNA反转录成cDNA。反应条件设置为:42 ℃孵育15 min,95 ℃孵育3 min。使用QuantStudio3实时荧光定量PCR系统检测实验组及对照组目的基因的相对表达量。反应条件设置为:预变性95 ℃ 5 min;95 ℃变性10 s,60 ℃退火30 s,变性和退火共进行40个循环。基因相对表达倍数采用2−∆∆CT法计算。引物序列见表1
盐酸小檗碱处理鸡成肌细胞48 h后使用Trizol法(同1.2.7)提取盐酸小檗碱组和对照组细胞总RNA,每组样品设置3个重复。使用KC-DigitalTM链特异性mRNA文库制备试剂盒构建测序文库,对文库产物中长度在200~500 bp的片段进行富集、定量,通过Illumina NovaSeq 6000测序仪使用PE150模式进行测序。通过Trimmomatic(版本0.36)进行过滤,去除低质量序列,并剪切被接头污染的序列。序列通过STAR软件比对到参考基因组,组之间差异表达基因通过edgeR鉴定,使用的统计显著性判断标准为P<0.05和表达倍数变化(Fold-change)≥2。GO分析和KEGG富集分析通过KOBAS软件(版本2.1.1)完成。
所有实验均重复操作三次。采用GraphPad Prism 9.5.0软件对数据进行t检验分析,所有数据用平均值±标准差(x±s)表示,P<0.05为差异显著性判断标准。
PAX7是鸡骨骼肌卫星细胞的标志基因,通过PAX7染色可以准确鉴定鸡成肌细胞[27]。在细胞培养过程中,PAX7的表达有助于维持肌肉干细胞的干细胞特性,当细胞开始分化时,PAX7的表达下调,促使细胞向成熟肌细胞分化。通过免疫荧光实验对细胞内PAX7蛋白进行染色。结果如图1所示,PAX7在细胞核周围有明显的荧光信号且主要集中在细胞核区域,表明鸡成肌细胞在培养过程中生长状态良好,未发生细胞分化,有较强的干细胞特性。
不同浓度盐酸小檗碱处理鸡成肌细胞的结果如图2所示,横坐标表示盐酸小檗碱的药物浓度,纵坐标表示450 nm波长处OD值。与0 μmol/L盐酸小檗碱组相比,随着盐酸小檗碱浓度增加,在药物浓度为45 μmol/L时达到最高OD值,且具有极显著差异(P<0.001)。因此,选用45 μmol/L的盐酸小檗碱浓度用于后续实验。
通过CCK-8增殖实验和EdU染色实验探究盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞增殖的作用。CCK-8实验结果如图3A所示,盐酸小檗碱组细胞的相对增殖速率明显高于对照组,且两组间差异随培养天数增加而增大,第4 d时差异极显著(P<0.001)。分别将第4 d和第0 d测得的吸光度作差,结果如图3B所示,盐酸小檗碱组的吸光度差值高于对照组且差异极显著(P<0.001),表明盐酸小檗碱处理细胞后细胞活力和细胞增殖速率明显提高。同时EdU染色实验结果表明(图3C和3D),盐酸小檗碱组处于增殖状态的细胞数量显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。有研究表明盐酸小檗碱对胆囊癌、胃癌和非小细胞肺癌细胞的增殖有抑制作用,并促进这些癌细胞的凋亡[2830]。这可能是由于盐酸小檗碱对不同细胞类型中信号通路有选择性调控[3133]。而在正常细胞中盐酸小檗碱可诱导血管平滑肌细胞的增殖[34],且对心肌细胞的增殖有促进作用[35]。综上,盐酸小檗碱通过调控鸡成肌细胞中的某些信号通路发挥促进鸡成肌细胞增殖的作用。
盐酸小檗碱处理鸡成肌细胞后,用2%马血清对鸡成肌细胞进行诱导分化,通过免疫荧光实验检测细胞内Desmin的表达。结果如图4A所示,Desmin的荧光信号在对照组和实验组细胞中均有表达,大多集中在细胞核区域,盐酸小檗碱组细胞质区域的Desmin荧光信号略弱于对照组,表明盐酸小檗碱未改变Desmin在鸡成肌细胞的分布。此外,RT-qPCR实验检测MYF5MYOD的表达变化结果如图4B所示,与对照组相比,实验组MYF5P<0.05)和MYODP<0.01)的表达均下调,且分别具有显著和极显著差异,表明盐酸小檗碱对这两种生肌调节因子的表达有一定抑制作用。Desmin是一种肌源性标志中间丝蛋白,主要存在于肌肉细胞中,该蛋白的表达通常与细胞的分化状态密切相关[3637]。细胞内Desmin的表达和定位,可以反映细胞分化状态[37]。在未分化的肌卫星细胞中,Desmin主要存在于细胞核周围;而在分化过程中,Desmin会重新排列形成肌细胞的骨架结构[38]MYF5MYOD是两种重要的生肌调节因子,MYF5MYOD通过激活肌肉特异性基因的表达,促进细胞分化为成熟的肌细胞[3940]。在成肌细胞分化过程中,MYF5的表达通常上调,为MYOD发挥其功能创造条件,MYOD在细胞分化过程上调起到促进分化的作用,如果MYOD的表达没有显著上调,或者在分化过程中保持较低水平,这表明细胞没有进入分化阶段[41]。结合上述实验结果,盐酸小檗碱处理下鸡成肌细胞经过分化诱导后并未进入分化状态,且在一定程度上抑制鸡成肌细胞的分化。
差异表达分析结果如图5A所示,共检测到292个差异基因,其中上调基因96个,下调基因196个。对差异表达基因进行GO富集分析,按照显著性程度选出排名前20的富集结果,如图5B所示,盐酸小檗碱作用细胞后,鸡成肌细胞差异表达基因在心室心肌细胞发育、细胞的迁移调节、细胞粘附、细胞外空间和细胞外基质方面有显著富集。最后通过KEGG富集分析并选出排名前4的富集结果,如图5C所示,差异表达的基因主要富集在TGF-β和MAPK信号通路。已有研究显示TGF-β和MAPK信号通路均与细胞增殖密切相关[42]。在细胞增殖过程中,TGF-β信号通路具有双重作用:一方面,其经典Smad信号通路通常抑制细胞增殖,如抑制细胞周期相关基因的表达;另一方面,在特定条件下,TGF-β信号通路也可以通过非经典Smad信号通路或与其他信号通路协同作用,促进细胞增殖[43]。MAPK信号通路在细胞增殖中发挥促进作用。研究表明,ERK1/2、JNK、p38 MAPK等通路的激活,能够促进细胞周期蛋白的合成和细胞周期的推进[44]。上述结果进一步说明,盐酸小檗碱与鸡成肌细胞的增殖过程不仅具有显著相关性,而且盐酸小檗碱可能通过调控TGF-β信号通路和MAPK信号通路发挥其促增殖作用。
通过RT-qPCR实验检测在TGF-β信号通路和MAPK信号通路富集到的目的基因,其中TGF-β信号通路相关基因表达结果如图6所示,盐酸小檗碱处理细胞后,ID1PITX2基因表达上调,FST基因表达下调,骨形态发生蛋白4(Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4,BMP4)基因无显著变化。其中,ID1PITX2基因表达上调提示盐酸小檗碱可能通过激活BMP-Smad1/5/8信号通路,抑制成肌细胞过早分化,从而支持增殖,PITX2能正反馈调节BMP信号,进一步强化ID1的表达,形成促增殖环路[4547]。FST是TGF-β超家族的重要拮抗剂,主要抑制Activin和Myostatin的活性,FST基因表达下调可能部分解除其对成肌细胞增殖的抑制作用[48]BMP4是肌生成中的重要调控因子,但其mRNA水平未发生显著变化可能是由于盐酸小檗碱作用于BMP信号通路下游(如Smad1/5/8磷酸化),而非作用于BMP4的转录调控[49]。综上,盐酸小檗碱可能通过激活BMP-Smad1/5/8-ID1/PITX2轴,同时抑制FST以增强Activin信号,共同促进鸡成肌细胞增殖。
MAPK信号通路相关基因表达结果如图7所示,盐酸小檗碱处理后IGF2FGF7FOSFLT1MAPKAPK3基因表达上调,CACNA1E基因表达下调。IGF2是骨骼肌生长的关键调控因子,通过激活PI3K/AKT和MAPK/ERK通路促进成肌细胞增殖和存活[50]FGF7属于成纤维细胞生长因子家族,研究表明,FGF7在鸡肌原性前体细胞中可显著增强增殖能力[51]FOS的表达与成肌细胞从静止期进入增殖期密切相关[52]。MAPKAPK3是MAPK下游激酶,可通过磷酸化HSP27增强细胞的应激耐受性,支持成肌细胞在增殖过程中的存活[53]CACNA1E下调可能减少钙依赖性凋亡,间接支持成肌细胞增殖[54]。以上结果表明,盐酸小檗碱可能通过上调IGF2FGF7FOS激活ERK/MAPK通路,同时抑制CACNA1E以减少凋亡信号,协同促进鸡成肌细胞增殖。综上,本研究揭示了盐酸小檗碱通过协同调控TGF-β和MAPK信号通路促进鸡成肌细胞增殖的潜在机制,为理解其在禽类肌肉发育中的作用提供了新视角。
综上所述,本研究通过表型实验和转录组学分析发现,盐酸小檗碱在促进鸡成肌细胞增殖方面具有显著作用,其最佳作用浓度为45 μmol/L。同时,该浓度下的盐酸小檗碱对鸡成肌细胞分化表现出明显的抑制效应。进一步通过GO和KEGG富集分析以及RT-qPCR验证,结果表明盐酸小檗碱可能通过协同调控TGF-β和MAPK信号通路,促进细胞增殖。本研究不仅证实了盐酸小檗碱在鸡成肌细胞增殖中的积极作用,还初步揭示了其潜在的分子机制,为实现鸡成肌细胞的高效体外扩增及细胞培育肉的研究与应用提供了理论依据和技术支持。
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040062
  • 接收时间:2025-04-07
  • 首发时间:2026-05-13
  • 出版时间:2026-05-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-07
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    1.中国肉类食品综合研究中心,北京食品科学研究院,北京 100068
    2.国家市场监督管理总局技术创新中心(动物替代蛋白),北京 100076

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王守伟(1961−),男,硕士,教授级高级工程师,研究方向:食品安全与食品加工,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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种数
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占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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