Article(id=1261336276087747025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1261336272929472630, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1750176000000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1778655602713, onlineDateStr=2026-05-13, pubDate=1777564800000, pubDateStr=2026-05-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1778655602713, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-05-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1778655602713, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1778655602713, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1261336272929472630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='504', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1778655601961, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1778657530282, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1261344361019728695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1261336272929472630, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1261344361019728696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1261336272929472630, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=21, endPage=32, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1261336279669682652, articleId=1261336276087747025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effects of Drying Agent Pretreatment on Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Aroma Compounds in the Drying of Hotan Red Grapes, columnId=1261336279195726298, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Papers Invited by Guest Editors, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study investigated the differences in physicochemical properties and volatile aroma components between fresh Hotan Red grapes (GR) and their dried products including dried raisins without drying agent pretreatment (NDAR) and drying agent-pretreated raisins (DAR). The results indicated that the color of raisins darkened after drying, with an increase in red-yellow values (a*, b*). The contents of reducing sugars, titratable acids, and ascorbic acid increased significantly. However, drying agent pretreatment reduced the lightness (L*) and further enhanced the red-yellow values (a*, b*) of raisins. Additionally, it increased the reducing sugar content while decreasing titratable acidity and ascorbic acid levels. Electronic nose (E-nose) radar fingerprint plots exhibited distinct response patterns. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis of volatile compounds, 99, 109, and 108 volatile compounds were detected in GR, NDAR, and DAR, respectively. The dominant volatile classes were alcohols (48.45%) in GR, aldehydes (58.46%) in NDAR, and ketones (45.00%) in DAR. Compared to NDAR, drying agent pretreatment led to the degradation and disappearance of D-limonene, a 2.88% reduction inthe relative content of aldehydes and ketones, affecting the concentration of characteristic aroma components in raisins. Based on OAV (Odor Activity Value)>1, pretreatment with drying agents weakened the concentrations of furfural, 5-methylfurfural, and nine other key aroma compounds. Furthermore, sixteen key aroma compounds were screened using ROAV (Relative Odor Activity Value)≥1, and three critical compounds: decanal, E-2-nonenal, and ethyl 2-methylbutyrate were identified (VIP>1), playing a crucial role in distinguishing GR, NDAR, and DAR. While GR exhibited a significantly different aroma profile compared to NDAR and DAR, the overall aroma characteristics of NDAR and DAR were similar, but NDAR had more pronounced fruity and sweet aromas than DAR. This study elucidates the differences in physicochemical properties and volatile aroma compounds between Hotan Red grapes, drying agent pretreatment and drying agent-pretreated raisins, which provides data support and a theoretical foundation for optimizing subsequent drying processes and enhancing the flavor characteristics in Hotan Red raisin production.

, correspAuthors=Jinfeng BI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jiahui LI, Xuan LI, Jiaxing HU, Aidong ZHANG, Liping WANG, Youlin XUE, Jinfeng BI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1261336293678658127, articleId=1261336276087747025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=促干剂预处理对和田红鲜葡萄制干理化性质及香气挥发性成分的影响, columnId=1261336280563069408, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=特邀主编专栏, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究以和田红葡萄(GR)为对象,探究鲜葡萄在未使用(NDAR)与使用促干剂预处理(DAR)制得的葡萄干的理化性质与香气挥发性成分的变化差异。结果表明:鲜葡萄制干后颜色变暗,红黄值(a*b*)增加,还原糖、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸等含量增加显著,促干剂预处理降低和田红葡萄干亮度、增加其红黄值,提高葡萄干中的还原糖含量,降低可滴定酸及抗坏血酸含量。电子鼻雷达指纹图呈现不同响应,通过挥发性成分定性定量分析,GR、NDAR以及DAR分别检测到99种、109种和108种挥发性成分,GR、NDAR、DAR中占比最高的分别是醇类(48.45%)、醛类(58.46%)、酮类(45.00%);相较于NDAR,促干剂预处理导致D-柠檬烯降解消失,醛酮类物质占比降低2.88%,且影响葡萄干中特征香气成分浓度;基于OAV>1发现促干剂预处理使得糠醛和5-甲基糠醛以及9种特征香气成分浓度呈现弱化趋势;通过ROAV≥1筛选出16种关键香气成分,结合VIP>1确定3种关键成分包括癸醛、E-2-壬烯醛及2-甲基丁酸乙酯,对鉴别GR、NDAR、DAR具有重要作用;GR与NADR、DAR的香气轮廓差异较大,NDAR和DAR整体香气轮廓相似,但果香和甜香较DAR更突出。本研究揭示了和田红鲜葡萄、未用促干剂葡萄干及促干剂预处理下的葡萄干的理化性质及香气挥发性成分差异,为后续制干工艺优化,产品风味品质提升提供了数据支撑和理论依据。

, correspAuthors=毕金峰, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
毕金峰(1970−),男,博士,研究员,研究方向:果蔬食品制造与营养健康理论及技术,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=lJKJLBgYw/Hl0Ec/DrPpzA==, magXml=kmHRaODr6Oj+vWZZ5evPpg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=KBRfXhacky502btyo0Dy8g==, pdfFileSize=4633468, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=51ymj0hNywL1cfO5QzEMDw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=p3EGXL9c0bAZ18gj8OykMg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

李佳会(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:葡萄加工与品质调控,E-mail:

, authorsList=李佳会, 李旋, 胡佳星, 张爱东, 王丽萍, 薛友林, 毕金峰)}, authors=[Author(id=1261336299705873026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=hx19211026@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1261336300691534481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336299705873026, language=EN, stringName=Jiahui LI, firstName=Jiahui, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
2.College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1261336301148713622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336299705873026, language=CN, stringName=李佳会, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193
2.辽宁大学轻型产业学院,辽宁沈阳 110036, bio={"content":"

李佳会(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:葡萄加工与品质调控,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

李佳会(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:葡萄加工与品质调控,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261336296706945633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296757277282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296782443107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193)]), AuthorCompany(id=1261336297218650731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336297252205164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336297218650731, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336297289953903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336297218650731, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁大学轻型产业学院,辽宁沈阳 110036)])]), Author(id=1261336302197289633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1261336304470602417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336302197289633, language=EN, stringName=Xuan LI, firstName=Xuan, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1261336305313657530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336302197289633, language=CN, stringName=李旋, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261336296706945633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296757277282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296782443107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193)])]), Author(id=1261336305993134786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1261336306861355725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336305993134786, language=EN, stringName=Jiaxing HU, firstName=Jiaxing, middleName=null, lastName=HU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1261336309344383708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336305993134786, language=CN, stringName=胡佳星, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261336296706945633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296757277282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296782443107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193)])]), Author(id=1261336310351016677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1261336311013716716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336310351016677, language=EN, stringName=Aidong ZHANG, firstName=Aidong, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.Xinjiang Tianfeng Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Hetian 848400, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1261336311907103472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336310351016677, language=CN, stringName=张爱东, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.新疆阗丰农业科技有限责任公司,新疆和田 848400, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261336298057511541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336298116231798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336298057511541, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Xinjiang Tianfeng Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Hetian 848400, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336298166563448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336298057511541, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.新疆阗丰农业科技有限责任公司,新疆和田 848400)])]), Author(id=1261336313580630773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1261336314486600445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336313580630773, language=EN, stringName=Liping WANG, firstName=Liping, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.Xinjiang Tianfeng Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Hetian 848400, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1261336315707142917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336313580630773, language=CN, stringName=王丽萍, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.新疆阗丰农业科技有限责任公司,新疆和田 848400, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261336298057511541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336298116231798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336298057511541, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Xinjiang Tianfeng Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Hetian 848400, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336298166563448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336298057511541, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.新疆阗丰农业科技有限责任公司,新疆和田 848400)])]), Author(id=1261336317967872782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1261336319616234266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336317967872782, language=EN, stringName=Youlin XUE, firstName=Youlin, middleName=null, lastName=XUE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1261336322103456547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336317967872782, language=CN, stringName=薛友林, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.辽宁大学轻型产业学院,辽宁沈阳 110036, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261336297218650731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336297252205164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336297218650731, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336297289953903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336297218650731, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁大学轻型产业学院,辽宁沈阳 110036)])]), Author(id=1261336322426417961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bijinfeng2010@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1261336323596628783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336322426417961, language=EN, stringName=Jinfeng BI, firstName=Jinfeng, middleName=null, lastName=BI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, 1, address=1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1261336324276106036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, authorId=1261336322426417961, language=CN, stringName=毕金峰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, 1, address=1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261336296706945633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296757277282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296782443107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1261336327816098625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Hotan Red raisins), Keyword(id=1261336328315220804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=drying agent), Keyword(id=1261336329212801868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=electronic nose), Keyword(id=1261336331192513363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS)), Keyword(id=1261336331683246936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=volatile aroma compounds), Keyword(id=1261336332811514717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=和田红葡萄干), Keyword(id=1261336333486797672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=促干剂), Keyword(id=1261336335760110447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=电子鼻), Keyword(id=1261336336640914292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(SPME-GC-MS)), Keyword(id=1261336337479775096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=挥发性香气成分)], refs=[Reference(id=1261336355645305848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=倪晨亮, 宋钰. 吐鲁番葡萄促干剂使用现状研究[C]// 新疆维吾尔自治区标准化研究院. 2022新疆标准化论文集. 吐鲁番: 质量与计量检测所, 2022: 213−214., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336357478216701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NI Chenliang, SONG Yu. Research on the current status of the use of grape ripening agents in Turpan[C]// Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Standardisation Research Institute. 2022 Xinjiang Standardisation Papers Collection. Turpan: Quality and Metrology Testing Institute, 2022: 213−214., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336358031863809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=热萨莱提·尼亚孜. 不同制干方式对无核白鸡心葡萄干质量影响简报[J]. 西北园艺(综合), 2020(9): 58−60., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336358371602438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RESALAITI Niyazi. Brief report on the influence of different drying methods on the quality of seedless white heart raisins[J]. Northwest Horticulture, 2020(9): 58−60., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336358593900552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢辉, 张雯, 王敏, 等. 不同干燥方法对无核白鸡心葡萄干色泽及次生代谢物质变化的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(12): 2166−2174., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336359021719566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE Hui, ZHANG Wen, WANG Min, et al. Effect of drying process on the color and the changes of secondary metabolites in centennial seedless raisin[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(12): 2166−2174., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336359277572113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张斌, 热比古丽·哈力克, 艾则提古力·阿里木, 等. 促干剂预处理下晾干和烘干对10个葡萄品种制干效果的影响[J]. 南方农业, 2024, 18(18): 46−49., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336359462121496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Bin, REBIGULI Halike, AIZETI Guli Alimu, et al. The effect of drying and air drying under the pretreatment of drying agent on the drying effect of 10 grape varieties[J]. South China Agriculture, 2024, 18(18): 46−49., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336359986409501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孟阳, 刘峰娟, 王玉红, 等. 热风干燥温度对无核白葡萄干品质的影响[J]. 食品与机械, 2015, 31(01): 204−207., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336362087755809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MENG Yang, LIU Fengjuan, WANG Yuhong, et al. Effect of different temperature air drying conditions on quality of thompson seedless grapes[J]. Food and Machinery, 2015, 31(01): 204−207., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336362234556452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吕丹丹, 赵晓敏, 李学文, 等. 不同促干剂处理对无核白葡萄干褐变的影响[J]. 食品科技, 2019, 44(1): 58−62., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336362377162794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LÜ Dandan, ZHAO Xiaomin, LI Xuewen, et al. Optimization of drying agent to improve drying rate of seedless grape[J]. Food Science and Technology, 2019, 44(1): 58−62., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336362612043819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=廉苇佳, 徐彦军, 艾斯坎尔·买提尼牙孜, 等. 不同促干剂对无核白葡萄干燥速率及感官品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1277−1283., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336363065028657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIAN Weijia, XU Yanjun, ISKAR Maitiniyazi, et al. Effects of different drying promoters on drying rate and sensory quality of seedless green grape[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1277−1283., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336363195052085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OLIVATI C, de OLIVEIRA N Y P, de SOUZA R T, et al. Effect of the pre-treatment and the drying process on the phenolic composition of raisins produced with a seedless Brazilian grape cultivar[J]. Food Research International, 2019, 116: 190−199., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336363387990073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHABIR M, BARI B, ALI Naila, et al. Impact of olive oil and potassium carbonate pretreatment on physico-chemical properties of Sun-dried Sundar Khani raisins (Vitis vinifera L.)[J]. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 2024, 36(10): 103465., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336363526402106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AKYOL K N, ÖZÇELIK M M, BARDAKÇı M S, et al. The impact of carbonic maceration pretreatment on the convective drying of seedless grapes: RSM optimization, drying characteristics and microstructure[J]. Food Science & Nutrition, 2025, 13(3): e70066., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336363660619839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王冬, 朱保庆, 王云鹤, 等. 促干剂处理对无核白葡萄干香气的影响[J]. 食品工业科技, 2013, 34(12): 106−111., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336363820003396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Dong, ZHU Baoqing, WANG Yunhe, et al. Effect of dry-promoter on the contents of flavours in Thompson seedless raisins[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2013, 34(12): 106−111., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336364138770508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SINEM K, OZKAN K, SEYED H H, et al. Characterization of volatile compounds of Gök Üzüm raisins produced from grapes pre-treated with different dipping solutions[J]. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 2023, 10(1): 55., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336364428177487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢辉, 张恒, 王敏, 等. 不同干燥工艺对新疆主要制干葡萄干燥特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(7): 1332−1341., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336366378528849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE Hui, ZHANG Heng, WANG Min, et al. Effects of different drying techniques on drying characteristics of main raisins in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(7): 1332−1341., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336366869262424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张雯, 韩守安, 王敏, 等. 基于质构和感官评价方法构建绿葡萄干干燥标准及快速检测技术[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(28): 128−135., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336367104143454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Wen, HAN Shouan, WANG Min, et al. Drying standard and rapid detection technology of green raisin based on texture and sensory evaluation method[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(28): 128−135., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336367326441572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐烨, 李旋, 毕金峰, 等. 复合再造型真空冷冻干燥桃溶果色泽调控研究[J]. 中国食品学报, 2022, 22(7): 160−172., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336367540351082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Ye, LI Xuan, BI Jinfeng, et al. Studies on the color regulation of restructured vacuum freeze-drying peach products[J]. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2022, 22(7): 160−172., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336367812980846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=尹明雪, 刘晓瑜, 程傲峰, 等. 鲜切、烫漂和速冻过程对油炸薯条品质的影响[J/OL]. 食品工业科技, 1−19[2025-06-12]. https://doi.org/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020269., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336368236605556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YIN Mingxue, LIU Xiaoyu, CHENG Aofeng, et al. Effect of cutting, blanching and freezing processing on the quality of french fries[J/OL]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 1−19[2025-06-12]. https://doi.org/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020269., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336368458903674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张雅欣, 李旋, 胡佳星, 等. 基于非靶向代谢组学的特色寒地浆果滋味品质分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2024, 40(13): 293−301., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336368618287232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Yaxin, LI Xuan, HU Jiaxing, et al. Analysis of the taste quality of specialty cold region berries based on non-targeted metabolomics[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2024, 40(13): 293−301., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336368878334086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘格格, 毕金峰, 苟敏, 等. 基于GC-MS及电子鼻技术结合化学计量法表征8种白桃关键香气的差异[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(18): 277−285., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336369184518284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Gege, BI Jinfeng, GOU Min, et al. Gas chromatography and electronic nose combined with chemometrics to investigate differences in key aroma components in eight white-fleshed peach cultivars[J]. Food Science, 2023, 44(18): 277−285., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336370895794321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Youyou, LI Jing, XING Jiangtao, et al. Untargeted profiling and differentiation of volatiles in varieties of meat using GC orbitrap MS[J]. Foods, 2022, 11(24): 3997., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336371248115860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张晓敏, 徐玉娟, 余元善, 等. 龙眼间歇热泵干燥特性及干燥过程品质变化[J]. 食品工业科技, 2024, 45(23): 208−216., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336371453636762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Xiaomin, XU Yujuan, YU Yuanshan, et al. Study on drying characteristics and quality properties of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour. )during intermittent heat pump drying[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024, 45(23): 208−216., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336371629797534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CARRANZA-CONCHA J, BENLLOCH M, CAMACHO M M, et al. Effects of drying and pretreatment on the nutritional and functional quality of raisins[J]. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2012, 90(2): 243−248., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336371885650082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=穆申玲, 沈文锋, 吕大伍, 等. 电子鼻技术及其应用研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2024, 38(14): 52−65., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336372254748838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MU Shenling, SHEN Wenfeng, LÜ Dawu, et al. Advancements in electronic nose technology and its applications[J]. Materials Reports, 2024, 38(14): 52−65., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336372372189355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JAVED H U, LIU Y S, HAO J G, et al. Aromatic perspectives: An in-depth review on extracting, influencing factors, and the origins of raisin aromas[J]. Food Chemistry: X, 2024, 22: 101285., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336372523184300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=涂崔, 潘秋红, 朱保庆, 等. 葡萄与葡萄酒单萜化合物的研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2011, 38(7): 397−1406., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336372791619761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TU Cui, PAN Qiuhong, ZHU Baoqing, et al. Progress in study of monoterpene compounds in grape and wine[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2011, 38(7): 397−1406., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336372883894452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RIENTH M, VIGNERON N, DARRIET P, et al. Grape berry secondary metabolites and their modulation by abiotic factors in a climate change scenario-a review[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2021, 12: 643258., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336373106192568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BUDIĆ-LETO I, HUMAR I, KLJUSURIĆ J G, et al. Free and bound volatile aroma compounds of 'Maraština' grapes as influenced by dehydration techniques[J]. Applied Sciences, 2020, 10(24): 8928., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336373383016637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JAVED H U, WANG D, ANDALEEB R, et al. Drying treatments change the composition of aromatic compounds from fresh to dried centennial seedless grapes[J]. Foods, 2021, 10(3): 559., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336373596926144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高婵, 王文亮, 李宁阳, 等. 酸处理对干燥香菇甲醛、镉及挥发性风味物质的影响[J]. 食品工业科技, 2023, 44(5): 258−266., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336373747921091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAO Chan, WANG Wenliang, LI Ningyang, et al. Effects of acid treatment on formaldehyde, cadmium and volatile flavor compounds in dried Lentinus edodes[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(5): 258−266., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336375748604102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG D, JAVED H U, SHI Y, et al. Impact of drying method on the evaluation of fatty acids and their derived volatile compounds in 'Thompson seedless' raisins[J]. Molecules, 2020, 25(3): 608., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336376000262345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王冬. 葡萄干特征干化香气组成及其产生机制研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336376331612364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Dong. Study on the composition and the generation mechanism of characteristic raisin aroma compounds in raisins[D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336376520356048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄翠欣, 坤吉瑞, 林耘志, 等. 不同花期珠兰花及珠兰花茶香气品质分析[J]. 食品科学, 2024, 45(23): 168−179., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336376813957331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=50, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG Cuixin, KUN Jirui, LIN Yunzhi, et al. Analysis of aroma quality of pearl orchid at different flowering stages and its scented tea[J]. Food Science, 2024, 45(23): 168−179., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336376931397847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=51, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Dong, CAI Jian, ZHU Baoqing, et al. Study of free and glycosidically bound volatile compounds in air-dried raisins from three seedless grape varieties using HS–SPME with GC–MS[J]. Food Chemistry, 2015, 177: 346−353., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336377153695962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=52, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Dong, DUAN Changqing, SHI Ying, et al. Free and glycosidically bound volatile compounds in Sun-dried raisins made from different fragrance intensities grape varieties using a validated HS-SPME with GC–MS method[J]. Food Chemistry, 2017, 228: 125−135., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336377258553564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=53, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FENG Jinze, ZHANG Beibei, ZHANG Haonan, et al. Combining with E-nose, GC-MS, GC-IMS and chemometrics to explore volatile characteristics during the different stages of Zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim fruits[J]. Food Research International, 2024, 195: 114964., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336377615069409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=54, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李扬, 李妍, 李栋, 等. 基于ROAV和嗅闻技术分析乳脂的关键风味化合物[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(6): 262−267., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336377845756133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=55, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Yang, LI Yan, LI Dong, et al. Analysis of key flavor compounds in dairy fat products using relative odor activity value and olfactometry[J]. Food Science, 2023, 44(6): 262−267., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336378000945382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=56, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王永伦, 李兴, 杨苗, 等. 干燥方式对真姬菇菌柄和菌盖挥发性风味物质的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(8): 268−276., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336378269380841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=57, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Yonglun, LI Xing, YANG Miao, et al. Effect of drying methods on the volatile flavor compounds of the Pileus and stipe of Hypsizygus marmoreus[J]. Food Science, 2023, 44(8): 268−276., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336379989045484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=58, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李婷婷, 黄名正, 唐维媛, 等. 刺梨汁中挥发性成分测定及其呈香贡献分析[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2021, 47(4): 237−246., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336380282646765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=59, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Tingting, HUANG Mingzheng, TANG Weiyuan, et al. Determination of volatile components in Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice and the analysis of its contribution for aroma[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2021, 47(4): 237−246., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336380404281582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=60, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WELKE J E, ZANUS M, LAZZAROTTO M, et al. Quantitative analysis of headspace volatile compounds using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and their contribution to the aroma of Chardonnay wine[J]. Food Research International, 2014, 59: 85−99., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336380702077170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=61, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李凯, 王金晶, 李永仙, 等. 红心火龙果果酒特征香气分析[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2019, 45(13): 217−223., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336380911792373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=62, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Kai, WANG Jinjing, LI Yongxian, et al. Characteristic aroma components of red pitaya wine[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2019, 45(13): 217−223., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336381163450616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=63, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵子贤, 杨金雨, 汪梦诗, 等. 12种国产主栽猕猴桃品种果酒风味物质特征分析[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(8): 178−188., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336381469634811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=64, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO Zixian, YANG Jinyu, WANG Mengshi, et al. Characteristic flavor substances in wines made from 12 major domestic kiwifruit cultivars[J]. Food Science, 2025, 46(8): 178−188., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336381687738621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=65, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李永华, 吴鹏, 徐建寒, 等. 真空与摇青对陇南白茶风味物质基础的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(8): 189−197., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336381889065216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=66, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Yonghua, WU Peng, XU Jianhan, et al. Effects of vacuum and shaking on flavor substances of Longnan white tea[J]. Food Science, 2025, 46(8): 189−197., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336382019088642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=67, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG Shiqing, FAN Li, XU Xiaodong, et al. Aroma patterns characterization of braised pork obtained from a novel ingredient by sensory-guided analysis and gas-chromatography-olfactometry[J]. Foods, 2019, 8(3): 87., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336382186860805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=68, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LISZKOWSKA W, BERLOWSKA J. Yeast fermentation at low temperatures: Adaptation to changing environmental conditions and formation of volatile compounds[J]. Molecules, 2021, 26(4): 1035., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336382346244360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=69, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙亚丽, 卞建明, 谢秋涛, 等. 基于GC-MS与电子鼻技术结合化学计量学方法分析不同品种桂花浸膏的挥发性成分[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(10): 257−264., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336382602096907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=70, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN Yali, BIAN Jianming, XIE Qiutao, et al. Analysis of volatile components of Osmanthus fragrans extracts from different varieties by GC-MS and electronic nose combined with chemometrics[J]. Food Science, 2023, 44(10): 257−264., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336384309178638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[45], rfOrder=71, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JAVED H U, WANG D, SHI Y, et al. Changes of free-form volatile compounds in pre-treated raisins with different packaging materials during storage[J]. Food Research International, 2018, 107: 649−659., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261336384468562193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=72, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Junxing, MIAO Aiqing, ZHAO Gangjun, et al. Assessment of the 'taro-like' aroma of pumpkin fruit (Cucurbita moschata D. ) via E-nose, GC–MS and GC-O analysis[J]. Food Chemistry: X, 2022, 15: 100435., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261336296706945633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296757277282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336296782443107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336296706945633, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193)]), AuthorCompany(id=1261336297218650731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336297252205164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336297218650731, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336297289953903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336297218650731, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.辽宁大学轻型产业学院,辽宁沈阳 110036)]), AuthorCompany(id=1261336298057511541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336298116231798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336298057511541, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Xinjiang Tianfeng Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Hetian 848400, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261336298166563448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, companyId=1261336298057511541, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.新疆阗丰农业科技有限责任公司,新疆和田 848400)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1261336339551761281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Samples of fresh grapes and raisins, figureFileSmall=knNlr1XzlE/EW8XtgUPj8Q==, figureFileBig=51ymj0hNywL1cfO5QzEMDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336339987968901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=图1, caption=鲜葡萄及葡萄干取样

注:左图为使用促干剂;右图为未使用促干剂。

, figureFileSmall=knNlr1XzlE/EW8XtgUPj8Q==, figureFileBig=51ymj0hNywL1cfO5QzEMDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336341304980367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Electronic nose analysis, figureFileSmall=vX+TQlFmJKV2TtnOVwCFnw==, figureFileBig=MuiLFOAmqIzmosNobTYwYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336341774742419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=图2, caption=电子鼻分析, figureFileSmall=vX+TQlFmJKV2TtnOVwCFnw==, figureFileBig=MuiLFOAmqIzmosNobTYwYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336342559077275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Percentage distribution of different aroma volatile substance types, figureFileSmall=LTUlLNa7TywqyHLrCOpXww==, figureFileBig=zOn1eU9YJM4iVnG22IZi5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336344157107105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同香气挥发性成分种类百分比图, figureFileSmall=LTUlLNa7TywqyHLrCOpXww==, figureFileBig=zOn1eU9YJM4iVnG22IZi5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336344572343205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=PCA of aroma volatile compounds in grape and raisins, figureFileSmall=sFzE39W38gW6XufeoXdtMQ==, figureFileBig=XolYXk6JH6k/nU0QuC00SQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336345440564139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=图4, caption=葡萄及葡萄干中香气挥发性成分含量PCA, figureFileSmall=sFzE39W38gW6XufeoXdtMQ==, figureFileBig=XolYXk6JH6k/nU0QuC00SQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336345998406574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Interactive annular heat map of aroma volatile compounds OAV>1 in Hotan Red grape and raisins, figureFileSmall=4CracoXSKpS5CoWU7tEwuw==, figureFileBig=mp0pnWNbkSX5JqV3C1wslA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336346828878774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=图5, caption=和田红葡萄及葡萄干中OAV>1的香气挥发性成分交互环形热图, figureFileSmall=4CracoXSKpS5CoWU7tEwuw==, figureFileBig=mp0pnWNbkSX5JqV3C1wslA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336348716315580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Variable important in the projection and aroma profile radargram of volatile compounds in Hotan Red grape and raisins with ROAV≥1, figureFileSmall=b/lHnb6SqTTmUSvScU6cFQ==, figureFileBig=6KDqg8c3VYXSJGQrCecCow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336348972168129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=图6, caption=和田红葡萄及葡萄干中ROAV≥1的香气挥发性成分VIP图及香气轮廓雷达图, figureFileSmall=b/lHnb6SqTTmUSvScU6cFQ==, figureFileBig=6KDqg8c3VYXSJGQrCecCow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336349731337159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Sankey diagram of aroma volatile compounds with VIP>1 in Hotan Red grape and its raisins, figureFileSmall=kJupVxxYUxo8C++y8gU7Xw==, figureFileBig=CshANCDSOhQY+M5NTB2NlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336350045909965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=图7, caption=和田红鲜葡萄和葡萄干中VIP>1的香气挥发性成分Sankey图, figureFileSmall=kJupVxxYUxo8C++y8gU7Xw==, figureFileBig=CshANCDSOhQY+M5NTB2NlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261336350444368847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Description of the performance of each sensor of the E-nose

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
传感器名称敏感性描述
W1C芳香成分,苯类
W5S氮氧化合物
W3C芳香成分、氨类
W6S氢化物
W5C短链烷烃芳香成分
W1S甲基类化合物
W1W硫化氢化合物
W2S醇类、醛酮类
W2W芳香成分、有机硫化物
W3S长链烷烃
), ArticleFig(id=1261336350679249874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

电子鼻各传感器性能描述

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
传感器名称敏感性描述
W1C芳香成分,苯类
W5S氮氧化合物
W3C芳香成分、氨类
W6S氢化物
W5C短链烷烃芳香成分
W1S甲基类化合物
W1W硫化氢化合物
W2S醇类、醛酮类
W2W芳香成分、有机硫化物
W3S长链烷烃
), ArticleFig(id=1261336351065125846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Results of the physicochemical properties of raisins

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性质分类测定指标鲜葡萄(GR)葡萄干-促干剂(DAR)葡萄干-未促干(NDAR)
注:表中同一行不同小写字母(a, b, c)表示不同样品之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。
色度L*89.20±0.02a19.50±1.66c22.36±0.34b
a*0.40±0.01c7.58±0.27a6.25±0.27b
b*0.25±0.01c8.45±1.09a6.02±0.44b
营养特性还原糖(mg/g,以葡萄糖计)21.50±0.17b74.55±0.16a72.60±1.59b
可滴定酸(mmol/g,以一水合柠檬酸计)1.11±0.03c2.19±0.09b2.78±0.06a
抗坏血酸(mg/g)0.42±0.02c14.56±1.68b18.36±1.69a
总酚(mg GAE/g)8.44±0.14b24.39±2.92a26.56±1.00a
总黄酮(mg RE/g)1.44±0.13b5.47±0.88a5.69±0.25a
), ArticleFig(id=1261336353397158877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

葡萄干的理化性质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性质分类测定指标鲜葡萄(GR)葡萄干-促干剂(DAR)葡萄干-未促干(NDAR)
注:表中同一行不同小写字母(a, b, c)表示不同样品之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。
色度L*89.20±0.02a19.50±1.66c22.36±0.34b
a*0.40±0.01c7.58±0.27a6.25±0.27b
b*0.25±0.01c8.45±1.09a6.02±0.44b
营养特性还原糖(mg/g,以葡萄糖计)21.50±0.17b74.55±0.16a72.60±1.59b
可滴定酸(mmol/g,以一水合柠檬酸计)1.11±0.03c2.19±0.09b2.78±0.06a
抗坏血酸(mg/g)0.42±0.02c14.56±1.68b18.36±1.69a
总酚(mg GAE/g)8.44±0.14b24.39±2.92a26.56±1.00a
总黄酮(mg RE/g)1.44±0.13b5.47±0.88a5.69±0.25a
), ArticleFig(id=1261336353950807011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Composition and contents of aroma volatile compounds in grape and raisins

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中文名称RILRICAS.No香味描述GR(µg/kg)NDAR(µg/kg)DAR(µg/kg)
注:表中−表示未检出;香味特征根据文献[2746]及Flavornet and human odor space”(https://www.flavornet.org/flavornet.html)、LRI和气味数据库 (https://www.odour.org.uk/odour/index.html)确定每种挥发性成分的香气表征并进行描述。
醇类
雪松醇2118211677-53-2柏木香123.86±51.387.16±0.9619.08±2.85
2-甲基-1-丙醇1084108478-83-1NF47.64±7.2425.41±7.277.03±0.89
4-甲基-1-戊醇12981317626-89-1NF13.77±1.6210.54±3.780.62±0.05
γ−松油醇1241124499-85-4紫丁香、桃香1.97±0.325.25±1.440.20±0.02
4-萜烯醇15941602562-74-3胡椒、泥土香、木香1.98±0.322.26±1.940.44±0.05
庚醇14371453111-70-6油脂味13.60±0.648.37±2.411.24±0.12
1-辛烯-3-醇1432145153907-72-5蘑菇、薰衣草、玫瑰、干草18.81±0.6748.19±7.658.46±0.88
正己醇13351355111-27-3青味、草药、木头1272.60±64.7432.21±7.991.93±0.11
月桂醇19491969112-53-8脂香、甜香、花香33.59±16.085.45±0.225.17±0.38
正戊醇1232125371-41-0草味57.36±0.0824.57±4.975.30±0.80
(Z)-2-己烯-1-醇13961418928-94-9青草、泥土、干草13.70±0.7738.86±0.4041.42±0.15
异戊醇11891212123-51-3发酵味、油味、果味847.45±227.8985.23±15.9118.97±0.37
3-甲硫基丙醇16981727505-10-2NF6.20±0.800.23±0.170.41±0.11
苯甲醇18571880100-51-6葵花籽味110.83±23.29121.47±17.0627.13±1.08
糠醇1638166898-00-0杏仁、甜味3.99±0.43192.48±32.4222.18±0.25
苯乙醇189319261960/12/8蜂蜜、花香2052.28±238.36726.50±95.74299.74±7.88
苯氧乙醇21242160122-99-6花香13.10±1.179.54±1.862.40±0.03
醛类
3-甲硫基-丙醛144614583268-49-3煮土豆味13.18±0.632.48±0.311.33±0.16
2,4-庚二烯醛145714634313/3/5脂香、果香0.42±0.050.83±0.060.32±0.06
己醛1070107766-25-1青草、果香53.33±16.15100.45±17.7923.18±0.52
E-2-辛烯醛142314302548-87-0脂肪3.38±0.1519.09±2.833.92±0.37
β−环柠檬醛16181611432-25-7果香、花香1.41±0.183.17±0.500.37±0.03
异丁醛80782078-84-2刺激气味162.00±18.0023.52±3.193.59±0.08
正辛醛12831298124-13-0清新味、橘子皮、肥皂9.06±2.1912.65±1.711.23±0.12
壬醛13871402124-19-6甜味、脂肪、清新150.46±41.0384.91±14.838.23±0.86
癸醛14931508112-31-2清新味、坚果味1.43±1.049.48±1.700.70±0.01
E-2-壬烯醛1531154718829-56-6生花生、干草6.39±2.1016.06±1.372.16±0.31
(E)-2-己烯醛121112306728-26-3脂肪味、草味150.38±29.3112.00±2.103.90±3.35
(E)-2-癸烯醛164016593913-81-3脂肪、青草、泥土1.64±0.003.84±0.450.66±0.05
异戊醛904923590-86-3巧克力味、麦芽味247.46±72.9371.74±9.505.35±0.73
月桂醛17041724112-54-9花香、蜡香、柑橘香5.54±0.572.37±0.211.22±0.02
(E)-2-十一烯醛1746176653448-07-0蜡香、柑橘香、青草香9.79±1.034.83±0.621.28±0.01
苯甲醛15181541100-52-7杏仁味173.48±19.87502.02±82.92104.00±9.56
苯乙醛16361661122-78-1玫瑰花香、柑橘香、甜味1449.16±19.53935.23±145.75251.23±3.41
酮类
D-樟脑1515152176-22-2樟脑味0.85±0.450.73±0.180.20±0.01
5-甲基呋喃-2-酮16691669591-11-7NF0.56±0.1060.32±8.071.35±0.08
2-环戊烯-1-酮13491345930-30-3甜香0.66±0.116.68±1.240.36±0.02
橙花基丙酮184318633879-26-3NF16.50±4.6413.23±1.976.23±0.26
4-环戊烯-1,3-二酮15771573930-60-9NF3.24±1.74205.93±27.856.19±0.06
5-乙基-2(5H)-呋喃酮174917452407-43-4NF7.69±1.072.90±0.85
大马士酮1813182323726-93-4苹果、玫瑰、蜂蜜、甜香3.44±0.3020.19±2.785.13±0.20
2-庚酮11731190110-43-0果香味35.94±1.886.91±1.030.93±0.02
3-辛酮12471264106-68-3果香味1.94±0.290.90±0.110.09±0.00
1-辛烯-3-酮129313104312-99-6蘑菇味1.61±0.3912.73±1.342.99±0.61
甲基庚烯酮13271346110-93-0柑橘类、果香8.89±2.4433.57±5.724.28±0.10
3-羟基-2丁酮12711298513-86-0黄油味、草味338.37±61.8410598.57±1825.492295.52±19.40
酸类
丁酸16091625107-92-6奶酪21.01±2.144.93±1.71
苯甲酸2420241265-85-0清香、甜香53.88±1.5837.75±7.959.31±1.66
正戊酸17171733109-52-4肉味、腐臭味7.72±0.9255.34±9.0522.38±13.58
2-甲基-丁酸16511662116-53-0辛辣、奶酪、果香9.50±5.0548.06±7.926.07±0.07
正癸酸22522289334-48-5脂肪、酸臭105.63±15.9550.15±3.9215.87±2.35
酯类
癸酸甲酯15881593110-42-9果香34.62±11.525.56±0.651.04±0.09
己酸丙酯13101316626-77-7菠萝、黑莓0.22±0.0217.79±4.150.89±0.16
2-己烯酸甲酯127912722396-77-2青香、甜香、酿香20.35±2.0812.42±1.821.49±0.27
丁酸己酯140714142639-63-6青味、果香4.41±0.88544.72±240.159.01±1.93
2-甲基-丁酸-甲酯9991008868-57-5果香、清香、苹果香56.07±9.873.86±0.112.26±0.01
丁酸丙酯11131122105-66-8菠萝、杏仁、香蕉香7.59±1.880.22±0.02
丁酸丁酯12091220109-21-7香蕉35.28±46.750.50±0.03
丙酸甲酯891905554-12-1果香48.25±22.112.10±0.600.89±0.01
乙酸己酯12631279142-92-7苹果、香蕉5.96±0.2249.63±6.812.20±0.20
己酸乙酯12241241123-66-0果味、苹果味17.58±2.500.70±0.04
3-羟基丁酸乙酯150115265405-41-4草莓味0.35±0.050.16±0.00
水杨酸甲酯17711796119-36-8杏仁味107.04±18.764.40±0.000.66±0.09
γ−己内酯16951723695-06-7椰子、奶油5.57±0.3614.87±1.924.49±0.13
2-甲基丁酸乙酯103910687452-79-1果味、甜味2.46±0.032.80±0.440.15±0.02
丁酸乙酯10241054105-54-4NF4.25±0.673.31±0.630.53±0.01
γ−丁内酯1622165296-48-0奶油、焦糖10.85±0.92198.54±30.0441.00±0.58
乙酸苯乙酯18351830103-45-7玫瑰香、蜂蜜香8.74±0.380.40±0.010.18±0.01
乙酰丙酸乙酯15961607539-88-8苹果香0.66±0.097.45±0.650.18±0.01
2-甲基丁酸己酯1419143310032-15-2果香、青香、蜡香、木香55.33±18.79171.00±71.126.45±2.58
苯甲酸乙酯1660165893-89-0果味、花香味7.07±1.945.23±1.330.37±0.02
肉桂酸甲酯207020741754-62-7樱桃香、可可香314.73±28.363.84±1.050.69±0.46
丁二酸二乙酯15781572106-65-0葡萄香气2.14±0.417.13±0.551.11±0.07
4-甲基苯甲酸甲酯1728174099-75-2樱桃、水果香7.17±0.740.21±0.010.06±0.00
月桂酸甲酯17921804111-82-0椰子、蘑菇35.11±1.387.50±1.901.66±0.04
壬酸乙酯15281542123-29-5果香、玫瑰香4.14±1.463.84±0.990.13±0.03
十一酸甲酯168917041731-86-8脂肪、蜡质、果香3.98±0.415.03±1.191.97±0.23
辛酸甲酯13801396111-11-5蜡味、青味16.58±1.1610.72±2.771.40±0.08
己酸甲酯11771196106-70-7果香20.23±1.7627.10±7.593.45±0.23
丁酸甲酯971994623-42-7苹果香、干酪香47.40±2.436.65±0.313.49±0.03
琥珀酸乙酯16591682123-25-1NF1.27±1.354.33±0.600.11±0.02
呋喃类
糠醛145314771998/1/1甜玉米味、木材味318.94±224.2620113.08±2869.451572.28±16.38
5-甲基糠醛15641588620-02-0焦糖、奶油、坚果10.08±5.87648.56±92.5730.77±0.63
2-正戊基呋喃122412413777-69-32-正戊基呋喃98.27±21.98425.54±55.4728.35±3.24
2-丙酰呋喃156615633194-15-82-丙酰呋喃35.43±0.3952.50±8.694.57±0.89
2-丁基呋喃112411424466-24-42-丁基呋喃6.46±0.920.89±0.04
5-羟甲基糠醛2475249667-47-05-羟甲基糠醛6.75±3.94231.93±26.6015.53±4.09
2-乙酰基呋喃149415181192-62-72-乙酰基呋喃8.11±3.48667.62±102.2842.27±0.77
2,5-二甲酰基呋喃19671991823-82-52,5-二甲酰基呋喃23.07±15.09114.39±15.8110.50±3.17
含硫化合物
二甲基二硫醚10621071624-92-0卷心菜、洋葱0.29±0.1310.11±2.170.64±0.05
二甲基三硫醚137513863658-80-8卷心菜、大蒜0.37±0.012.52±0.450.21±0.02
二甲基亚砜1559157267-68-5NF96.43±1.8097.35±14.4811.33±0.97
萜类
α−萜品油烯12781295586-62-9柑橘、柠檬4.27±0.2015.19±4.330.45±0.01
Z-1-苯丙稀13251324766-90-5NF1.27±0.104.19±0.630.80±0.06
α−石竹烯167416676753-98-6柑橘、丁香、木香、樟脑1.39±0.024.88±0.580.16±0.04
侧柏烯101810282867/5/2花香、木香0.98±0.021.57±0.300.14±0.00
D-柠檬烯11941211138-86-3甜味、橘子味、柠檬味50.27±11.61
苯乙烯12501270100-42-5酯香、汽油味53.15±2.31344.66±37.5062.08±5.59
其他化合物
茶吡咯160216102167-14-8烧焦香28.22±4.100.64±0.03
2-乙酰基吡咯195219721072-83-9苦味、辛辣味1.71±0.8668.18±7.673.36±0.20
2-乙基-5-甲基吡嗪1375138213360-64-0水果0.45±0.007.70±1.860.69±0.05
2,6-二乙基吡嗪1436143213067-27-1NF10.63±0.0155.58±25.194.43±1.41
辛烷806800111-65-9NF5.68±0.141.73±0.340.36±0.01
十五烷14991500629-62-9NF12.92±3.271.40±0.170.82±0.15
对乙烯基愈创木酚218022167786-61-0NF0.62±0.161.45±0.170.60±0.11
丙基苯12031212103-65-1NF13.68±1.960.83±0.10
4-异丙基甲苯1265128399-87-6NF36.04±8.0370.17±15.883.70±0.19
甲苯10301049108-88-3NF402.78±0.5566.90±5.9525.00±3.23
邻甲酚1982200895-48-7坚果味0.91±0.173.27±0.550.76±0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1261336354303128554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

鲜葡萄及葡萄干中香气挥发性成分组成及含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中文名称RILRICAS.No香味描述GR(µg/kg)NDAR(µg/kg)DAR(µg/kg)
注:表中−表示未检出;香味特征根据文献[2746]及Flavornet and human odor space”(https://www.flavornet.org/flavornet.html)、LRI和气味数据库 (https://www.odour.org.uk/odour/index.html)确定每种挥发性成分的香气表征并进行描述。
醇类
雪松醇2118211677-53-2柏木香123.86±51.387.16±0.9619.08±2.85
2-甲基-1-丙醇1084108478-83-1NF47.64±7.2425.41±7.277.03±0.89
4-甲基-1-戊醇12981317626-89-1NF13.77±1.6210.54±3.780.62±0.05
γ−松油醇1241124499-85-4紫丁香、桃香1.97±0.325.25±1.440.20±0.02
4-萜烯醇15941602562-74-3胡椒、泥土香、木香1.98±0.322.26±1.940.44±0.05
庚醇14371453111-70-6油脂味13.60±0.648.37±2.411.24±0.12
1-辛烯-3-醇1432145153907-72-5蘑菇、薰衣草、玫瑰、干草18.81±0.6748.19±7.658.46±0.88
正己醇13351355111-27-3青味、草药、木头1272.60±64.7432.21±7.991.93±0.11
月桂醇19491969112-53-8脂香、甜香、花香33.59±16.085.45±0.225.17±0.38
正戊醇1232125371-41-0草味57.36±0.0824.57±4.975.30±0.80
(Z)-2-己烯-1-醇13961418928-94-9青草、泥土、干草13.70±0.7738.86±0.4041.42±0.15
异戊醇11891212123-51-3发酵味、油味、果味847.45±227.8985.23±15.9118.97±0.37
3-甲硫基丙醇16981727505-10-2NF6.20±0.800.23±0.170.41±0.11
苯甲醇18571880100-51-6葵花籽味110.83±23.29121.47±17.0627.13±1.08
糠醇1638166898-00-0杏仁、甜味3.99±0.43192.48±32.4222.18±0.25
苯乙醇189319261960/12/8蜂蜜、花香2052.28±238.36726.50±95.74299.74±7.88
苯氧乙醇21242160122-99-6花香13.10±1.179.54±1.862.40±0.03
醛类
3-甲硫基-丙醛144614583268-49-3煮土豆味13.18±0.632.48±0.311.33±0.16
2,4-庚二烯醛145714634313/3/5脂香、果香0.42±0.050.83±0.060.32±0.06
己醛1070107766-25-1青草、果香53.33±16.15100.45±17.7923.18±0.52
E-2-辛烯醛142314302548-87-0脂肪3.38±0.1519.09±2.833.92±0.37
β−环柠檬醛16181611432-25-7果香、花香1.41±0.183.17±0.500.37±0.03
异丁醛80782078-84-2刺激气味162.00±18.0023.52±3.193.59±0.08
正辛醛12831298124-13-0清新味、橘子皮、肥皂9.06±2.1912.65±1.711.23±0.12
壬醛13871402124-19-6甜味、脂肪、清新150.46±41.0384.91±14.838.23±0.86
癸醛14931508112-31-2清新味、坚果味1.43±1.049.48±1.700.70±0.01
E-2-壬烯醛1531154718829-56-6生花生、干草6.39±2.1016.06±1.372.16±0.31
(E)-2-己烯醛121112306728-26-3脂肪味、草味150.38±29.3112.00±2.103.90±3.35
(E)-2-癸烯醛164016593913-81-3脂肪、青草、泥土1.64±0.003.84±0.450.66±0.05
异戊醛904923590-86-3巧克力味、麦芽味247.46±72.9371.74±9.505.35±0.73
月桂醛17041724112-54-9花香、蜡香、柑橘香5.54±0.572.37±0.211.22±0.02
(E)-2-十一烯醛1746176653448-07-0蜡香、柑橘香、青草香9.79±1.034.83±0.621.28±0.01
苯甲醛15181541100-52-7杏仁味173.48±19.87502.02±82.92104.00±9.56
苯乙醛16361661122-78-1玫瑰花香、柑橘香、甜味1449.16±19.53935.23±145.75251.23±3.41
酮类
D-樟脑1515152176-22-2樟脑味0.85±0.450.73±0.180.20±0.01
5-甲基呋喃-2-酮16691669591-11-7NF0.56±0.1060.32±8.071.35±0.08
2-环戊烯-1-酮13491345930-30-3甜香0.66±0.116.68±1.240.36±0.02
橙花基丙酮184318633879-26-3NF16.50±4.6413.23±1.976.23±0.26
4-环戊烯-1,3-二酮15771573930-60-9NF3.24±1.74205.93±27.856.19±0.06
5-乙基-2(5H)-呋喃酮174917452407-43-4NF7.69±1.072.90±0.85
大马士酮1813182323726-93-4苹果、玫瑰、蜂蜜、甜香3.44±0.3020.19±2.785.13±0.20
2-庚酮11731190110-43-0果香味35.94±1.886.91±1.030.93±0.02
3-辛酮12471264106-68-3果香味1.94±0.290.90±0.110.09±0.00
1-辛烯-3-酮129313104312-99-6蘑菇味1.61±0.3912.73±1.342.99±0.61
甲基庚烯酮13271346110-93-0柑橘类、果香8.89±2.4433.57±5.724.28±0.10
3-羟基-2丁酮12711298513-86-0黄油味、草味338.37±61.8410598.57±1825.492295.52±19.40
酸类
丁酸16091625107-92-6奶酪21.01±2.144.93±1.71
苯甲酸2420241265-85-0清香、甜香53.88±1.5837.75±7.959.31±1.66
正戊酸17171733109-52-4肉味、腐臭味7.72±0.9255.34±9.0522.38±13.58
2-甲基-丁酸16511662116-53-0辛辣、奶酪、果香9.50±5.0548.06±7.926.07±0.07
正癸酸22522289334-48-5脂肪、酸臭105.63±15.9550.15±3.9215.87±2.35
酯类
癸酸甲酯15881593110-42-9果香34.62±11.525.56±0.651.04±0.09
己酸丙酯13101316626-77-7菠萝、黑莓0.22±0.0217.79±4.150.89±0.16
2-己烯酸甲酯127912722396-77-2青香、甜香、酿香20.35±2.0812.42±1.821.49±0.27
丁酸己酯140714142639-63-6青味、果香4.41±0.88544.72±240.159.01±1.93
2-甲基-丁酸-甲酯9991008868-57-5果香、清香、苹果香56.07±9.873.86±0.112.26±0.01
丁酸丙酯11131122105-66-8菠萝、杏仁、香蕉香7.59±1.880.22±0.02
丁酸丁酯12091220109-21-7香蕉35.28±46.750.50±0.03
丙酸甲酯891905554-12-1果香48.25±22.112.10±0.600.89±0.01
乙酸己酯12631279142-92-7苹果、香蕉5.96±0.2249.63±6.812.20±0.20
己酸乙酯12241241123-66-0果味、苹果味17.58±2.500.70±0.04
3-羟基丁酸乙酯150115265405-41-4草莓味0.35±0.050.16±0.00
水杨酸甲酯17711796119-36-8杏仁味107.04±18.764.40±0.000.66±0.09
γ−己内酯16951723695-06-7椰子、奶油5.57±0.3614.87±1.924.49±0.13
2-甲基丁酸乙酯103910687452-79-1果味、甜味2.46±0.032.80±0.440.15±0.02
丁酸乙酯10241054105-54-4NF4.25±0.673.31±0.630.53±0.01
γ−丁内酯1622165296-48-0奶油、焦糖10.85±0.92198.54±30.0441.00±0.58
乙酸苯乙酯18351830103-45-7玫瑰香、蜂蜜香8.74±0.380.40±0.010.18±0.01
乙酰丙酸乙酯15961607539-88-8苹果香0.66±0.097.45±0.650.18±0.01
2-甲基丁酸己酯1419143310032-15-2果香、青香、蜡香、木香55.33±18.79171.00±71.126.45±2.58
苯甲酸乙酯1660165893-89-0果味、花香味7.07±1.945.23±1.330.37±0.02
肉桂酸甲酯207020741754-62-7樱桃香、可可香314.73±28.363.84±1.050.69±0.46
丁二酸二乙酯15781572106-65-0葡萄香气2.14±0.417.13±0.551.11±0.07
4-甲基苯甲酸甲酯1728174099-75-2樱桃、水果香7.17±0.740.21±0.010.06±0.00
月桂酸甲酯17921804111-82-0椰子、蘑菇35.11±1.387.50±1.901.66±0.04
壬酸乙酯15281542123-29-5果香、玫瑰香4.14±1.463.84±0.990.13±0.03
十一酸甲酯168917041731-86-8脂肪、蜡质、果香3.98±0.415.03±1.191.97±0.23
辛酸甲酯13801396111-11-5蜡味、青味16.58±1.1610.72±2.771.40±0.08
己酸甲酯11771196106-70-7果香20.23±1.7627.10±7.593.45±0.23
丁酸甲酯971994623-42-7苹果香、干酪香47.40±2.436.65±0.313.49±0.03
琥珀酸乙酯16591682123-25-1NF1.27±1.354.33±0.600.11±0.02
呋喃类
糠醛145314771998/1/1甜玉米味、木材味318.94±224.2620113.08±2869.451572.28±16.38
5-甲基糠醛15641588620-02-0焦糖、奶油、坚果10.08±5.87648.56±92.5730.77±0.63
2-正戊基呋喃122412413777-69-32-正戊基呋喃98.27±21.98425.54±55.4728.35±3.24
2-丙酰呋喃156615633194-15-82-丙酰呋喃35.43±0.3952.50±8.694.57±0.89
2-丁基呋喃112411424466-24-42-丁基呋喃6.46±0.920.89±0.04
5-羟甲基糠醛2475249667-47-05-羟甲基糠醛6.75±3.94231.93±26.6015.53±4.09
2-乙酰基呋喃149415181192-62-72-乙酰基呋喃8.11±3.48667.62±102.2842.27±0.77
2,5-二甲酰基呋喃19671991823-82-52,5-二甲酰基呋喃23.07±15.09114.39±15.8110.50±3.17
含硫化合物
二甲基二硫醚10621071624-92-0卷心菜、洋葱0.29±0.1310.11±2.170.64±0.05
二甲基三硫醚137513863658-80-8卷心菜、大蒜0.37±0.012.52±0.450.21±0.02
二甲基亚砜1559157267-68-5NF96.43±1.8097.35±14.4811.33±0.97
萜类
α−萜品油烯12781295586-62-9柑橘、柠檬4.27±0.2015.19±4.330.45±0.01
Z-1-苯丙稀13251324766-90-5NF1.27±0.104.19±0.630.80±0.06
α−石竹烯167416676753-98-6柑橘、丁香、木香、樟脑1.39±0.024.88±0.580.16±0.04
侧柏烯101810282867/5/2花香、木香0.98±0.021.57±0.300.14±0.00
D-柠檬烯11941211138-86-3甜味、橘子味、柠檬味50.27±11.61
苯乙烯12501270100-42-5酯香、汽油味53.15±2.31344.66±37.5062.08±5.59
其他化合物
茶吡咯160216102167-14-8烧焦香28.22±4.100.64±0.03
2-乙酰基吡咯195219721072-83-9苦味、辛辣味1.71±0.8668.18±7.673.36±0.20
2-乙基-5-甲基吡嗪1375138213360-64-0水果0.45±0.007.70±1.860.69±0.05
2,6-二乙基吡嗪1436143213067-27-1NF10.63±0.0155.58±25.194.43±1.41
辛烷806800111-65-9NF5.68±0.141.73±0.340.36±0.01
十五烷14991500629-62-9NF12.92±3.271.40±0.170.82±0.15
对乙烯基愈创木酚218022167786-61-0NF0.62±0.161.45±0.170.60±0.11
丙基苯12031212103-65-1NF13.68±1.960.83±0.10
4-异丙基甲苯1265128399-87-6NF36.04±8.0370.17±15.883.70±0.19
甲苯10301049108-88-3NF402.78±0.5566.90±5.9525.00±3.23
邻甲酚1982200895-48-7坚果味0.91±0.173.27±0.550.76±0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1261336354563175403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Key aroma volatile compounds of ROAV≥1 in Hotan Red grape and raisins

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中文名称RILRICAS阈值(μg/kg)[3643]风味特征[3643]GR(μg/kg)NDAR(μg/kg)DAR(μg/kg)
注:“−”表示ROAV在0.1~1之间,该香气成分对总体香气呈现修饰作用。
1-辛烯-3-醇1432145153907-72-51蘑菇、薰衣草、玫瑰3.65±0.891.13±0.07
异戊醇11891212123-51-34发酵味、果味39.87±6.83
苯乙醇1893192660-12-845蜂蜜、花香8.71±1.37
己醛1070107766-25-17.5青草、果香1.32±0.14
异丁醛80782078-84-21坚果、果香、焦糖32.17±12.25
正辛醛12831298124-13-00.7清新味、橘子皮2.63±1.34
壬醛13871402124-19-61甜味、脂肪、清新30.76±16.841.99±0.18
癸醛14931508112-31-20.1柑橘、甜香3.09±2.772.23±0.22
E-2-壬烯醛1531154718829-56-60.08生花生、干草14.67±1.554.74±0.132.74±0.17
异戊醛904923590-86-31.1果香、坚果42.04±6.611.53±0.05
苯乙醛16361661122-78-14玫瑰花、柑橘、甜味70.90±21.045.49±0.306.48±1.24
1-辛烯-3-酮129313104312-99-60.003蘑菇味100100100
3-羟基-2-丁酮12711298513-86-014黄油味、草味4.56±0.3517.76±1.2216.96±3.62
癸酸甲酯15881593110-42-91.2果香、柑橘5.95±3.57
2-甲基丁酸乙酯103910687452-79-10.013果香、甜香36.86±10.005.07±0.341.17±0.09
2-正戊基呋喃122412413777-69-35.8果味、草味3.17±0.111.73±0.11
), ArticleFig(id=1261336355053908978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1261336276087747025, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

和田红葡萄及葡萄干中 ROAV≥1的关键香气挥发性成分

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中文名称RILRICAS阈值(μg/kg)[3643]风味特征[3643]GR(μg/kg)NDAR(μg/kg)DAR(μg/kg)
注:“−”表示ROAV在0.1~1之间,该香气成分对总体香气呈现修饰作用。
1-辛烯-3-醇1432145153907-72-51蘑菇、薰衣草、玫瑰3.65±0.891.13±0.07
异戊醇11891212123-51-34发酵味、果味39.87±6.83
苯乙醇1893192660-12-845蜂蜜、花香8.71±1.37
己醛1070107766-25-17.5青草、果香1.32±0.14
异丁醛80782078-84-21坚果、果香、焦糖32.17±12.25
正辛醛12831298124-13-00.7清新味、橘子皮2.63±1.34
壬醛13871402124-19-61甜味、脂肪、清新30.76±16.841.99±0.18
癸醛14931508112-31-20.1柑橘、甜香3.09±2.772.23±0.22
E-2-壬烯醛1531154718829-56-60.08生花生、干草14.67±1.554.74±0.132.74±0.17
异戊醛904923590-86-31.1果香、坚果42.04±6.611.53±0.05
苯乙醛16361661122-78-14玫瑰花、柑橘、甜味70.90±21.045.49±0.306.48±1.24
1-辛烯-3-酮129313104312-99-60.003蘑菇味100100100
3-羟基-2-丁酮12711298513-86-014黄油味、草味4.56±0.3517.76±1.2216.96±3.62
癸酸甲酯15881593110-42-91.2果香、柑橘5.95±3.57
2-甲基丁酸乙酯103910687452-79-10.013果香、甜香36.86±10.005.07±0.341.17±0.09
2-正戊基呋喃122412413777-69-35.8果味、草味3.17±0.111.73±0.11
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1260987317930967064, delFlag=0, nameCn=食品工业科技, nameEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1002-0306, eissn=null, cn=11-1759/TS, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1778572404609, updatedTime=1778572646794, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, picEn=k9cXIKW0r+dhvmYbf8WDQQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1260988333824553621, language=CN, name=食品工业科技, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1778572646814, updatedTime=1778572646814, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1260988333874885270, language=EN, name=Science and Technology of Food Industry, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1778572646826, updatedTime=1778572646826, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1260987677001138203, websiteList=[Website(id=1260990269093196609, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1260987677001138203, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN, language=CN, createTime=1778573108218, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1778573937722, updateBy=18614031015, name=食品工业科技-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=食品工业科技, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1260993882188333840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1778573969647, updateTime=1778573969647, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993881970230029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1778573969595, updateTime=1778573969595, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882259637011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969664, updateTime=1778573969664, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993881940869900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/file/pic?fileId=m5/V/nQKn3zR0EIDYaiOEA==, createTime=1778573969588, updateTime=1778573969588, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882284802837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969670, updateTime=1778573969670, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882175750927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/file/pic, createTime=1778573969644, updateTime=1778573969644, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882276414228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969668, updateTime=1778573969668, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882049921806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1778573969614, updateTime=1778573969614, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882196722449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1778573969649, updateTime=1778573969649, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882234471186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1778573969658, updateTime=1778573969658, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1260990269265163062, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1260987677001138203, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN, language=EN, createTime=1778573108259, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1778573934408, updateBy=18614031015, name=食品工业科技-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science and Technology of Food Industry, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1260993842489246463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1778573960182, updateTime=1778573960182, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842438914812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1778573960170, updateTime=1778573960170, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842510217986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960187, updateTime=1778573960187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842430526203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/file/pic?fileId=m5/V/nQKn3zR0EIDYaiOEA==, createTime=1778573960168, updateTime=1778573960168, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842531189508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960192, updateTime=1778573960192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842476663550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/file/pic, createTime=1778573960179, updateTime=1778573960179, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842522800899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960190, updateTime=1778573960190, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842447303421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1778573960172, updateTime=1778573960172, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842497635072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1778573960184, updateTime=1778573960184, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842506023681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1778573960186, updateTime=1778573960186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=食品工业科技, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.spgykj.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, journalPhotoCn=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, journalPhotoEn=k9cXIKW0r+dhvmYbf8WDQQ==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/PDF/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/PDF/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
促干剂预处理对和田红鲜葡萄制干理化性质及香气挥发性成分的影响
收藏切换
PDF下载
李佳会 1, 2 , 李旋 1 , 胡佳星 1 , 张爱东 3 , 王丽萍 3 , 薛友林 2 , 毕金峰 *, 1
食品工业科技 | 特邀主编专栏 2026,47(9): 21-32
收起
收藏切换
食品工业科技 | 特邀主编专栏 2026, 47(9): 21-32
促干剂预处理对和田红鲜葡萄制干理化性质及香气挥发性成分的影响
全屏
李佳会1, 2 , 李旋1, 胡佳星1, 张爱东3, 王丽萍3, 薛友林2, 毕金峰*, 1
作者信息
  • 1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193
  • 2.辽宁大学轻型产业学院,辽宁沈阳 110036
  • 3.新疆阗丰农业科技有限责任公司,新疆和田 848400
  • 李佳会(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:葡萄加工与品质调控,E-mail:

通讯作者:

毕金峰(1970−),男,博士,研究员,研究方向:果蔬食品制造与营养健康理论及技术,E-mail:
Effects of Drying Agent Pretreatment on Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Aroma Compounds in the Drying of Hotan Red Grapes
Jiahui LI1, 2 , Xuan LI1, Jiaxing HU1, Aidong ZHANG3, Liping WANG3, Youlin XUE2, Jinfeng BI*, 1
Affiliations
  • 1.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Storage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
  • 2.College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
  • 3.Xinjiang Tianfeng Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Hetian 848400, China
出版时间: 2026-05-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192
文章导航
收藏切换

本研究以和田红葡萄(GR)为对象,探究鲜葡萄在未使用(NDAR)与使用促干剂预处理(DAR)制得的葡萄干的理化性质与香气挥发性成分的变化差异。结果表明:鲜葡萄制干后颜色变暗,红黄值(a*b*)增加,还原糖、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸等含量增加显著,促干剂预处理降低和田红葡萄干亮度、增加其红黄值,提高葡萄干中的还原糖含量,降低可滴定酸及抗坏血酸含量。电子鼻雷达指纹图呈现不同响应,通过挥发性成分定性定量分析,GR、NDAR以及DAR分别检测到99种、109种和108种挥发性成分,GR、NDAR、DAR中占比最高的分别是醇类(48.45%)、醛类(58.46%)、酮类(45.00%);相较于NDAR,促干剂预处理导致D-柠檬烯降解消失,醛酮类物质占比降低2.88%,且影响葡萄干中特征香气成分浓度;基于OAV>1发现促干剂预处理使得糠醛和5-甲基糠醛以及9种特征香气成分浓度呈现弱化趋势;通过ROAV≥1筛选出16种关键香气成分,结合VIP>1确定3种关键成分包括癸醛、E-2-壬烯醛及2-甲基丁酸乙酯,对鉴别GR、NDAR、DAR具有重要作用;GR与NADR、DAR的香气轮廓差异较大,NDAR和DAR整体香气轮廓相似,但果香和甜香较DAR更突出。本研究揭示了和田红鲜葡萄、未用促干剂葡萄干及促干剂预处理下的葡萄干的理化性质及香气挥发性成分差异,为后续制干工艺优化,产品风味品质提升提供了数据支撑和理论依据。

和田红葡萄干  /  促干剂  /  电子鼻  /  固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(SPME-GC-MS)  /  挥发性香气成分

This study investigated the differences in physicochemical properties and volatile aroma components between fresh Hotan Red grapes (GR) and their dried products including dried raisins without drying agent pretreatment (NDAR) and drying agent-pretreated raisins (DAR). The results indicated that the color of raisins darkened after drying, with an increase in red-yellow values (a*, b*). The contents of reducing sugars, titratable acids, and ascorbic acid increased significantly. However, drying agent pretreatment reduced the lightness (L*) and further enhanced the red-yellow values (a*, b*) of raisins. Additionally, it increased the reducing sugar content while decreasing titratable acidity and ascorbic acid levels. Electronic nose (E-nose) radar fingerprint plots exhibited distinct response patterns. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis of volatile compounds, 99, 109, and 108 volatile compounds were detected in GR, NDAR, and DAR, respectively. The dominant volatile classes were alcohols (48.45%) in GR, aldehydes (58.46%) in NDAR, and ketones (45.00%) in DAR. Compared to NDAR, drying agent pretreatment led to the degradation and disappearance of D-limonene, a 2.88% reduction inthe relative content of aldehydes and ketones, affecting the concentration of characteristic aroma components in raisins. Based on OAV (Odor Activity Value)>1, pretreatment with drying agents weakened the concentrations of furfural, 5-methylfurfural, and nine other key aroma compounds. Furthermore, sixteen key aroma compounds were screened using ROAV (Relative Odor Activity Value)≥1, and three critical compounds: decanal, E-2-nonenal, and ethyl 2-methylbutyrate were identified (VIP>1), playing a crucial role in distinguishing GR, NDAR, and DAR. While GR exhibited a significantly different aroma profile compared to NDAR and DAR, the overall aroma characteristics of NDAR and DAR were similar, but NDAR had more pronounced fruity and sweet aromas than DAR. This study elucidates the differences in physicochemical properties and volatile aroma compounds between Hotan Red grapes, drying agent pretreatment and drying agent-pretreated raisins, which provides data support and a theoretical foundation for optimizing subsequent drying processes and enhancing the flavor characteristics in Hotan Red raisin production.

Hotan Red raisins  /  drying agent  /  electronic nose  /  solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS)  /  volatile aroma compounds
李佳会, 李旋, 胡佳星, 张爱东, 王丽萍, 薛友林, 毕金峰. 促干剂预处理对和田红鲜葡萄制干理化性质及香气挥发性成分的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (9) : 21 -32 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192
Jiahui LI, Xuan LI, Jiaxing HU, Aidong ZHANG, Liping WANG, Youlin XUE, Jinfeng BI. Effects of Drying Agent Pretreatment on Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Aroma Compounds in the Drying of Hotan Red Grapes[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (9) : 21 -32 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192
和田红(Hotan Red)葡萄是新疆和田地区的主要葡萄品种之一,具有独特的品种特性、高糖酸比、多酚类物质富集及独特的生态适应性。和田红葡萄果粒较小,呈椭圆形(单果重2.8~3.5 g),所生产的和田红葡萄干属新疆和田特色。传统制干方式是将其直接铺于露天水泥地上进行晒制,大概需要30~45 d[1],虽能保留天然风味,但受限于环境温湿度波动与微生物污染风险,导致产品均一性差;为提高葡萄制干速度,常采用促干剂对新鲜葡萄进行浸渍预处理。促干剂是由碳酸钾、氢氧化钠、油酸乙酯等组成的碱性白色粉末状物质,通过破坏葡萄表皮的蜡质皮层[2],增加蜡质皮层孔隙率,加速水分迁移速率,提高干燥效率,以满足商品化生产的量产需求。
促干剂自发明以来得到了广泛的应用,且多集中于提高葡萄制干速率及机理、理化性质等研究层面。谢辉等[3]研究表明,促干剂的使用破坏葡萄蜡质结构,提高干燥速率;张斌等[4]、孟阳等[5]使用促干剂结合热风干燥发现葡萄的制干效果更加明显;吕丹丹等[6]研究表明促干剂的使用不仅提高葡萄制干速率,还会使得葡萄干色泽鲜亮,品质等级提高。廉苇佳等[7]的研究再次证实促干剂作为一种无害的食品添加剂提高了葡萄的制干速率,并指出促干剂对无核白葡萄干的理化指标并无显著影响;Olivati等[8]使用促干剂将葡萄的干燥时间进程加快40%,且花青素保留率更高。大部分的研究证实促干剂在提高葡萄制干速率上优势明显,但不同的促干剂也会影响葡萄干最终品质的呈现,Shabir等[9]通过比较橄榄油和碳酸钾两种不同的促干剂的使用时指出,促干剂虽可以加快葡萄干燥速率,但其对理化性质如酸度、抗氧化特性的影响各异;Akyol等[10]再次证明促干剂浸渍是加快葡萄干燥进程的一种有用技术,但需结合品种特性优化配方。尽管促干剂在干燥动力学、表观品质和理化性质方面的作用已经明确,但其对葡萄干香气成分的具体影响仍缺乏系统性研究。王冬等[11]对无核白葡萄干的研究发现促干剂的使用使香气化合物的含量发生了变化,降低了烘烤味的香气值,赋予了其更多的花香和果香,但并未影响香气化合物的种类,Sinem等[12]比较草木灰及碳酸钾作为促干剂对葡萄干挥发性成分的影响,发现草木灰可以保留葡萄干更多的芳香成分,这表明促干剂的选择对香气成分的保留至关重要。综上,国内外关于促干剂对葡萄干挥发性成分组成及整体香气呈现的影响研究仍较匮乏,尤其是针对和田红葡萄这一特色品种的系统性分析尚未见报道。因此,深入探究促干剂对和田红葡萄干理化性质及关键香气物质(如醛类、醇类、酮类)的具体影响,对优化制干工艺、提升产品风味品质具有重要科学价值和产业意义。
本研究采用热泵干燥对和田红葡萄进行制干,比较鲜葡萄(GR)、未使用促干剂制干葡萄干(NDAR)和促干剂预处理制干葡萄干(DAR)的理化性质变化,并基于顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(SPME-GC-MS)结合电子鼻技术深入分析GR、NDAR和DAR的香气挥发性成分组成的变化,构建并对比GR、NDAR及DAR的基本香气轮廓,揭示其理化性质和香气挥发性成分变化,为和田红鲜葡萄加工及葡萄干香气品质的优化提升提供一定的数据支撑。
和田红鲜葡萄(Hotan Red) 采购于新疆和田地区于田县昆仑山葡萄园,经检测鲜葡萄含水量在85%左右,可溶性固形物含量在18%~24%,将鲜葡萄浸渍在促干剂溶液中(促干剂:水=7:300,W/V)1 min后取出沥干。将未使用促干剂处理的鲜葡萄与促干剂预处理的鲜葡萄均置于热泵干燥烘干一体机中,在50 ℃[13],相对湿度为8%RH,恒温恒湿条件下带梗整体烘干,直至葡萄干含水量达到15%~18%[14]左右停止烘干;2-辛醇、甲醇(均为色谱纯) 上海麦克林生化科技有限公司;氢氧化钠、亚硝酸钠、九水合硝酸铝、碳酸钠、苯酚、福林酚、没食子酸(一水)、葡萄糖标准品、芦丁标准品、甲醇、无水乙醇(均为分析纯) 国药集团化学试剂有限公司;3,5-二硝基水杨酸(DNS)试剂 北京索莱宝科技有限公司;抗坏血酸含量测定试剂盒 苏州格瑞思生物科技有限公司;伊兹木促干剂 由新疆农科院提供。
2-Sartorius PB-10电子天平 德国Sartorius公司;Metrohm 907 Titrando自动电位滴定仪 瑞士Metrohm公司;14P整体式上送热泵烘干一体机 广东奥伯特节能设备有限公司;Thermo Trace 1310 GC气相色谱分析仪、Thermo Q-Exactive Orbitrap质谱分析仪 美国赛默飞世尔科技有限公司;GERSTEL ODP4嗅闻仪 德国GERSTEL公司;PEN 3.5型电子鼻 德国AIRSENSE公司;CM-5台式分光测色计 日本Konica minolta公司。
鲜葡萄及葡萄干如图1所示。参考徐烨等[15]的方法并稍作修改,对鲜葡萄及葡萄干的色度进行测定。选取10 g葡萄干混合均匀,置于玻璃皿中使用CM-5台式分光测色计进行色泽测定,平行测定6次,得出亮度值L*、红绿值a*、黄蓝值b*
采用DNS比色法对葡萄干中的还原糖含量进行测定[16]:葡萄干进行液氮冷冻处理,置于打粉机中打成粉末状。准确称取1.00 g葡萄干粉末,加入30 mL水,于80~90 ℃水浴处理30 min,在12000 r/min,10 min条件下离心过滤取上清液,定容至100 mL,得到葡萄干水提物。取1 mL溶液稀释10倍,取0.2 mL稀释溶液加入1 mL DNS试剂,煮沸5 min,冷却,在540 nm处测定吸光度。
取葡萄干水提物 25 mL,用0.05 mol/L NaOH溶液进行滴定。可滴定酸(Titratable Acidity,TA)测定参考采用电位滴定法,以一水合柠檬酸计[17]
称取0.1 g葡萄干粉末,准确至0.001 g,按试剂盒方法加入1 mL提取液,在4 ℃,12000 r/min离心10 min,取上清液待测。根据VC测定试剂盒说明书检测并计算VC含量。测试管中依次加入样本30 μL,试剂一420 μL;标准管中加入标准液300 μL,试剂一150 μL;空白管中加入提取液300 μL,试剂一150 μL。分别在测试管、标准管和空白管中加入无水乙醇150 μL,试剂二B液75 μL,试剂三150 μL,试剂四75 μL,涡旋混匀后于30 ℃反应60 min,取200 μL置于96孔酶标板中,立即于534 nm处测定吸光度A。
$ {\text{V}}_{\text{C}}\text{(mg/g)}=0.1\times \frac{{\text{A}}_{\text{测定}}-{\text{A}}_{\text{空白}}}{{\text{(A}}_{\text{标准}}-{\text{A}}_{\text{空白}})\times {\rm W}} $
式中,A测定代表样品测定管在534 nm处的吸光度;A标准代表标准管在534 nm处的吸光度;A空白代表空白管在534 nm处的吸光度;W代表样品具体质量(g)。
总酚、总黄酮含量的测定分别采用福林酚法及亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝法[5]
样液制备:准确称取1.000 g葡萄干粉末,加入25 mL 80%甲醇溶液,在400 W条件下冰浴避光超声30 min,抽滤后得到提取液,使用80%的甲醇定容至50 mL。
总酚含量测定:取0.5 mL提取液加入5.5 mL蒸馏水,涡旋混合均匀,加入1 mL 10%福林酚溶液和1 mL 7.5% Na2CO3溶液,避光反应30 min后,测定其在765 nm处的吸光度,总酚含量以没食子酸当量表示(mg GAE/ g)。
总黄酮含量测定:取0.5 mL提取液加入0.3 mL 5% NaNO3溶液静置6 min,再加入0.3 mL 10% Al(NO33 溶液静置6 min,再加入4 mL 4%的NaOH溶液,继而加入4.9 mL蒸馏水,混合均匀,使其充分反应,静置3 min后在508 nm处测定吸光度,总黄酮含量以芦丁当量表示(mg RE/ g)。
参考刘格格等[18]的方法并稍作修改,取3.0 g粉末状样品置于10 mL进样瓶中,采用PEN 3.5型电子鼻进行检测,载气流速、进样流速0.30 L/min;传感器清洗时间180 s,采样前等待15 s,样品测试时间为60 s(表1)。
参照张雅欣等[17]、Yang等[19]的方法并稍作修改。样品预处理:葡萄干液氮冷冻打成粉末状,置于−80 ℃冰箱保存,鲜葡萄切成小块状备用。将鲜葡萄和葡萄干各取0.15 g(精确到0.0001 g)置于进样瓶中,加入10 µL 20 µg/mL 的2-辛醇作为内标物。
SPME条件:样品于55 ℃下孵化20 min,50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS纤维头于55 ℃萃取40 min,进样口250 ℃解吸附3 min,老化条件为270 ℃,15 min。
GC条件:VF-WAX毛细管柱(60 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm);升温程序:初始温度40 ℃保持2 min,以4 ℃/min升至230 ℃,保持5 min;载气:He;流速1.0 mL/min;进样口温度:250 ℃;进样方式:不分流。
MS条件:扫描方式:全扫描;离子化方式:EI;离子源温度:280 ℃,传输线温度:250 ℃,分辨率:60000;扫描范围:30~400 m/z。
定性方法:待测香气采用质谱(Mass Spectrometry,MS)法进行定性,通过NIST 17标准谱库及IAS Center Lab对待测组分进行检索匹配,其匹配率均大于80%,初步确定化合物。保留指数:根据混合正构烷烃(C7~C40)标准品,与样品保持同样的GC-MS条件,得到的保留时间计算挥发性化合物的保留指数(Retention Index, RI)。
定量方法:采用内标法进行半定量分析。根据内标物与被测各组分峰面积的比值计算挥发性化合物的含量。
$ \begin{split}&\text{挥发性化合物含量}(\mu \mathrm{g/}\text{kg})=\\&\frac{{化合物峰面积\times 内标物含量({\text{μg/kg}})}}{\text{内标物峰面积}} \end{split}$
OAV分析:计算各组分的气味活度值(Odor Activity Value,OAV),按照式(3)进行计算:
$ \text{OAV}=\frac{\text{C}}{\text{T}} $
式中,C为某组分的含量(µg/kg);T为该组分在水中的感觉阈值(µg/kg)。
ROAV分析:在各组分OAV基础上,将OAV最大的组分的数值定义为:ROAVmax=100,计算各组分的相对香气活性值(Relative Odor Activity Value,ROAV),按照式(4)进行计算:
$ {\text{ROAV}}_{\text{i}}=100\times \frac{{\text{OAV}}_{\text{i}}}{{\text{OAV}}_{\max }} $
式中,OAVi为某个香气成分i的气味活度值;OAVmax为所有香气成分中最大的气味活度值。
电子鼻、SPME-GC-MS及理化性质实验平行测定3次;采用IBM SPSS Statistics 27进行单因素ANOVA检验分析(P<0.05);使用Excel 2021进行数据计算;使用在线免费平台OmnicStudio(https://www.omicstudio.cn/doc/1152)及genescloud(https://www.genescloud.cn)绘制挥发性化合物相关热图,使用MetaboAnalyst(www.metaboanalyst.ca)对GC-MS数据进行分析并绘制VIP图。根据“Flavornet and human odor space”(https://www.flavornet.org/flavornet.html)、LRI 和气味数据库 (https://www.odour.org.uk/odour/index.html)确定每种挥发性成分的香气表征并进行描述。
将使用促干剂预处理(DAR)与不使用促干剂处理制干的和田红葡萄干(NDAR)的产品色泽和营养等特性进行测定并对比,结果如表2所示。在表观色泽方面,鲜葡萄亮度更高,制干后颜色变暗,红黄值(a*b*)增加,促干剂预处理进一步降低其亮度(L*=19.5),提高其红黄值(a*=7.58;b*=8.45),同时由图1也可看出,使用促干剂预处理的葡萄干(DAR)的红黄度要比未使用促干剂的葡萄干(NDAR)的更加明显,表面褶皱更少,颗粒更加饱满;未使用促干剂的葡萄干(NDAR)颜色呈现红棕色,表面褶皱较多,颗粒较为干瘪。在理化性质方面,鲜葡萄中还原糖、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸、总酚及总黄酮含量较低,制干增加了这些物质的含量,这可能是由于水分流失所导致的浓缩效应以及细胞结构破坏促进了物质的释放。促干剂预处理使得葡萄干中的还原糖含量增加了约3%,这可能是因为干燥加快促进了多糖水解转化为还原糖[20];可滴定酸含量和抗坏血酸含量分别降低了21.2%和20.6%左右,这可能是由于促干剂的使用致使葡萄果皮和果肉中的细胞结构疏松或破裂,酸类物质释放,在快速干燥过程中,部分酸降解或转化,同时促干剂中的碱性成分渗透至果肉,发生酸碱中和反应所致[21],而是否使用促干剂对葡萄干中的总酚和总黄酮含量影响并不显著。
根据电子鼻传感器响应值绘制雷达指纹图,如图2a所示,W1W(硫化氢化合物)、W5S(氮氧化合物类)和W1S(甲基类化合物)三个传感器的响应值存在明显差异,这说明鲜葡萄(GR)、未使用促干剂处理的葡萄干(NDAR)和促干剂预处理葡萄干(DAR)中的这三类化合物含量存在显著差异。鲜葡萄在W1W和W1S中具有最小的响应值,未采用促干剂的葡萄干在W1W、W5S以及W1S中具有最大的响应值,使用促干剂预处理的葡萄干在W5S中具有最小的响应值,这说明制干及促干剂处理对样品总体香气产生了影响。
基于电子鼻传感器响应值结果进一步进行PCA(图2b),得到PC1(94.65%)和PC2(4.52%),累计贡献率达到99.17%,图中GR、DAR、NDAR三者距离较远,说明鲜葡萄和葡萄干总体香气存在显著性差异;DAR和NDAR两者相近,说明其总体香气存在一定的相似性。
由于鲜葡萄和葡萄干中的挥发性化合物对电子鼻中10个传感器的敏感程度不同,无法准确描述香味物质变化情况[22],在电子鼻描述鲜葡萄及葡萄干香气轮廓差异的基础上,进一步采用SPME-GC-MS对其挥发性成分的种类及含量进行鉴定分析。
基于SPME-GC-MS对GR、NDAR、DAR中的香气成分进行分析,结果见表3。计算各香气挥发性成分种类占比并绘制挥发性成分种类百分比堆积图(图3)。共检测出109种挥发性成分,包括醇类17种,醛类20种,酮类12种,酸类5种,酯类30种,萜类化合物6种,呋喃类6种,含硫化合物3种,其他成分包括吡嗪类等10种。其中GR、NDAR以及DAR分别检测到99种、109种和108种挥发性成分。
鲜葡萄制干使得NDAR中的香气挥发性成分种类增加了10种,包括5-乙基-2(5H)-呋喃酮、丁酸、丁酸丙酯、丁酸丁酯、己酸乙酯、3-羟基丁酸乙酯、D-柠檬烯、茶吡咯、2-丁基呋喃、丙基苯。使用促干剂预处理制干后,在NDAR所含有香气挥发性成分的基础上,DAR中减少了D-柠檬烯。制干之后增加的香气挥发性成分中丁酸、己酸乙酯来自于鲜葡萄制干过程中的脂质氧化(UFAO),D-柠檬烯属于萜烯类衍生化合物[23],使用促干剂之后香气挥发性成分D-柠檬烯消失,这可能是由于促干剂的使用破坏了鲜葡萄表面的蜡质层,而葡萄中的萜类化合物主要通过甲基烯丙二烯途径(MEP)合成,并储存在果皮中[2425]。促干剂的使用破坏葡萄果皮,导致鲜果脱水速度加快,可能在温度、湿度、酶等多重作用下,促进了D-柠檬烯的彻底分解[26]
根据表3将葡萄干的香气挥发性成分种类分为9类,包括醇类、醛类、酮类、酸类、酯类、呋喃类、含硫化合物、萜类及其他化合物,在GR中分别占据48.45%,28.95%,4.31%,1.85%,8.06%,1.80%,1.02%,0.64%,4.93%;在NDAR中分别占据3.48%,58.46%,28.41%,0.55%,3.01%,3.88%,0.28%,1.09%,0.82%;在DAR中分别占据8.93%,39.00%,45.00%,1.13%,1.69%,1.98%,0.24%,1.23%,0.80%。根据图3分析,GR(鲜葡萄)的香气挥发性成分组成以醇类(48.45%)、醛类(28.95%)和酯类(8.06%)为主导成分,三者合计占比达85.46%。NDAR(未使用促干剂)则以醛类(58.46%)、酮类(28.41%)和呋喃类(3.88%)为主要贡献物质,其中醛酮类化合物总占比达86.87%。DAR(使用促干剂)呈现酮类(45.00%)、醛类(38.99%)和醇类(8.93%)的三元组合特征,醛酮类物质占比为83.99%,鲜葡萄制干后醛酮类物质占比显著增加。这种香气挥发性成分重构主要源于制干过程加速了三大类化学反应:首先,不饱和脂肪酸氧化(Unsaturated Fatty Acid Oxidation, UFAO)在热处理下产生大量醛类(如己醛、壬醛)和酮类[2728];其次,美拉德反应(Maillard Reaction, MR)在水分活度降至0.65时达到动力学最佳条件,促进呋喃类(NDAR和DAR中分别增加53.76%和9.13%)和酮类化合物(NDAR和DAR中分别增加84.83%和90.42%)的生成;同时,萜类化合物的热分解及氧化衍生反应导致单萜类含量增加(在NDAR和DAR中分别增加了41.28%和93.65%),这与Wang等[29]在无核白葡萄(Vitis vinifera L. 'Thompson Seedless')制干体系中的研究结论高度吻合,验证了热处理诱导的氧化反应与热解反应在果蔬干制香气形成中的核心作用。
相较于NDAR,使用促干剂处理的DAR中的醇类、酮类、酸类、萜类分别增加61.03%、36.87%、51.45%、11.45%,醛类、酯类、呋喃类、含硫化合物以及其他组分的占比分别降低33.29%、43.83%、49.11%、17.29%、3.35%,醛酮类化合物总占比降低2.88%。王冬[30]曾指出碱性促干剂的使用通过抑制不饱和脂肪酸自氧化来源的香气挥发性成分的产生包括醛类、酯类等从而影响葡萄干中的香气。
对鲜葡萄及葡萄干中的挥发性成分含量进行PCA,PCA1贡献率为65.1%,PCA2贡献率为30.67%,累计贡献率95.77%。由图4可知,GR远离制干的葡萄干样品,说明鲜葡萄和葡萄干香气成分含量存在明显差异;DAR和NDAR之间距离较近,说明两者香气成分含量存在高度相似性,这与电子鼻PCA结果(图2b)一致。
进一步对鲜葡萄和葡萄干样品进行OAV分析,在多种特征香气挥发性成分含量的基础上确切描述特征香气的变化情况。一般认为OAV>1的化合物是贡献样品特征香气重要的风味化合物,且OAV越高,说明该化合物对整体香气的贡献程度越大[31]。经计算,GR、NDAR、DAR中共存在32种OAV>1的化合物,其中GR中含有25种,NDAR中含有29种,DAR中含有18种,绘制聚类分析热图(图5)。
具有果香、柑橘香气的癸酸甲酯只在鲜葡萄中浓度较高,制干反而使得香气浓度降低,这可能是由于制干使得游离型的癸酸甲酯发生降解或转化[32]。鲜葡萄制干增加了糠醛(甜玉米味、木材味、杏仁味)、5-甲基糠醛(焦糖、奶油、坚果)两种OAV>1的香气挥发性成分,以往的研究表明糠醛、5-甲基糠醛两种呋喃类物质属于特征干化香气物质,是在葡萄制干过程中通过MR途径产生的[30],且这两种物质在NDAR和DAR中均存在,但这两种物质在NDAR中浓度差异较为突出,使用促干剂之后,两种物质的浓度反而被弱化(图5),这可能是由于碱性促干剂的使用增加体系pH加速MR反应进程,使得生成的糠醛、5-甲基糠醛发生转化或降解,王冬[30]也曾提出碱性促干剂抑制葡萄干中MR香气的来源。
使用促干剂处理的葡萄干DAR,其中所含有的癸醛(柑橘、甜香)、1-辛烯-3-醇(蘑菇、薰衣草、玫瑰、干草)、2-正戊基呋喃(果味、草味)、2-甲基丁酸乙酯(果香、甜香)、苯乙醇(蜂蜜、花香)、异戊醇(果味)、异丁醛(坚果、水果、焦糖)、壬醛(甜味、脂肪、清新)、异戊醛(果香、坚果)9种挥发性香气组分与未使用促干剂的葡萄干(NDAR)相比,浓度出现显著性差异。具体而言,苯乙醇、异戊醇、异丁醛在鲜葡萄中本就存在,制干之后浓度降低,使用促干剂之后浓度降低更加明显,这可能是由于热降解以及促干剂预处理加速物质挥发转化所致。醛类物质如癸醛和壬醛、呋喃类如2-正戊基呋喃以及醇类物质1-辛烯-3-醇的弱化可能源于促干剂抑制不饱和脂肪酸自氧化(UFAO)途径的脂质降解[27,33];游离型的2-甲基丁酸乙酯浓度降低可能是在促干剂的存在下发生碱性水解所致[32]。香气成分对整体风味贡献的大小不仅看其含量及气味活度值(OAV),还要分析香气挥发性成分对总体香气的贡献值,一般结合ROAV进行分析,以综合评估该成分对样品香气的贡献大小[34]
当某香气成分的ROAV≥1,说明其是关键香气挥发性成分,对样品总体香气具有较大贡献;当ROAV在0.1~1之间时,说明该香气成分对样品总体香气具有修饰作用[35]。按照1.2.3计算32种香气成分的ROAV,结果如表4图6所示,ROAV≥1的有16种,包括醇类3种,醛类8种,酮类2种,酯类2种,呋喃类1种。GR中ROAV≥1的有16种,NDAR中有10种,DAR中有5种。DAR中有最少的关键香气成分,且呈现关键香气成分的种类仅包含醛类2种(反式-2-壬烯醛、苯乙醛)、酮类2种(1-辛烯-3-酮、3-羟基-2-丁酮)、酯类1种(2-甲基丁酸乙酯)。其中1-辛烯-3-酮、3-羟基-2-丁酮、苯乙醛的ROAV较大,是DAR中三种最关键的香气成分。与DAR相比,NDAR多出1-辛烯-3-醇、壬醛、癸醛、异戊醛、2-正戊基呋喃5种香气挥发性成分。由此可见,鲜葡萄制干之后,其关键香气挥发性成分减少6种,促干剂的使用使其关键香气挥发性成分进一步减少5种,制干及促干剂的使用显著改变了和田红葡萄整体的关键香气挥发性成分的相对浓度及组成。此变化可能与制干过程的热效应促进部分关键香气成分挥发、转化或降解,以及促干剂预处理抑制UFAO途径、MR途径关键香气挥发性成分形成相关联[30,32]
在此基础上,引入权重重要变量(Variable Important in the Projection, VIP)识别对整体起到重要贡献的变量,一般认为VIP>1的变量是重要的[44]。结合VIP图分析,VIP>1的3种物质包括癸醛(柑橘、甜香)、E-2-壬烯醛(生花生、干草)、2-甲基丁酸乙酯(果香、甜香),这意味着3种挥发性成分的浓度对于鉴别鲜葡萄、葡萄干(使用促干剂)、葡萄干(未使用促干剂)的香气具有重要作用。图7说明三种重要的挥发性成分在GR、NDAR及DAR中的分布情况,根据连线粗细可以判别,三种物质在鲜葡萄和葡萄干中存在显著性差别,GR中2-甲基丁酸乙酯最为显著,该酯类物质作为典型果香成分可能构成鲜食葡萄的特征香气;NDAR中癸醛和E-2-壬烯醛较为显著,其醛类物质浓度的高积累可能与干制过程中脂质氧化及酶促反应增强相关;相较于NDAR组,DAR组中E-2-壬烯醛(亚油酸氧化产物)浓度显著降低42%(表4),该降低可能与促干剂预处理抑制UFAO途径香气物质形成相关联[30,45]
基于表3中的16种物质的香气特征描述,将具有相同特征的香气成分的ROAV相加,构建和田红葡萄及葡萄干的香气轮廓雷达图(图6b)。从图中可知,GR中的果香、花香、甜香、坚果、柑橘及清香较为突出,其中果香和甜香为GR的香气主调;NDAR和DAR的香气轮廓十分相似,主要呈现蘑菇味和青草香,其次是甜香;NDAR中的果香味、青草香、甜香较DAR中的较为突出。总的来说,制干这一过程使得葡萄的总体香气发生变化,而促干剂的使用减少了关键香气的种类及含量,弱化葡萄干中的果香和甜香气,产生的部分差异可能是关键香气成分发生掩蔽、协同等共同作用的结果[46]
本研究以和田红葡萄为研究对象,探究鲜葡萄在未使用与使用促干剂预处理制得的葡萄干的理化性质与香气挥发性成分的变化差异。结果表明:制干使鲜葡萄颜色变暗、红黄值升高,促干剂预处理则加剧此趋势;促干剂预处理使葡萄干中的还原糖增加而可滴定酸和抗坏血酸降低。在三种样品(GR、NDAR、DAR)分别检出99、109和108种挥发性物质,促干剂预处理导致D-柠檬烯降解。较于 NDAR,DAR中的醛酮类占比下降2.88%。GR、DAR、NDAR中占比最高的分别是醇类48.45%、醛类58.46%、酮类45.00%。制干产生特征干化香气糠醛和5-甲基糠醛,促干剂处理后使其弱化,同时癸醛、1-辛烯-3-醇等9种特征香气组分浓度在促干剂预处理后也呈现弱化趋势;癸醛、E-2-壬烯醛和2-甲基丁酸乙酯为区分三类样品的关键香气挥发性成分。香气轮廓分析表明GR的果香、花香突出,NDAR的甜香和果香比DAR中的更显著。本研究明确促干剂预处理制干葡萄干会增糖减酸,改变香气组分,弱化葡萄干果香和甜香气。促干剂虽加快干燥速率,但对不同葡萄干最终品质的影响还需进一步深入研究。本研究为后续和田红葡萄制干工艺改进和香气品质提升提供理论依据和数据支撑。
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
倪晨亮, 宋钰. 吐鲁番葡萄促干剂使用现状研究[C]// 新疆维吾尔自治区标准化研究院. 2022新疆标准化论文集. 吐鲁番: 质量与计量检测所, 2022: 213−214.
NI Chenliang, SONG Yu. Research on the current status of the use of grape ripening agents in Turpan[C]// Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Standardisation Research Institute. 2022 Xinjiang Standardisation Papers Collection. Turpan: Quality and Metrology Testing Institute, 2022: 213−214.
[2]
热萨莱提·尼亚孜. 不同制干方式对无核白鸡心葡萄干质量影响简报[J]. 西北园艺(综合), 2020(9): 58−60.
RESALAITI Niyazi. Brief report on the influence of different drying methods on the quality of seedless white heart raisins[J]. Northwest Horticulture, 2020(9): 58−60.
[3]
谢辉, 张雯, 王敏, 等. 不同干燥方法对无核白鸡心葡萄干色泽及次生代谢物质变化的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(12): 2166−2174.
XIE Hui, ZHANG Wen, WANG Min, et al. Effect of drying process on the color and the changes of secondary metabolites in centennial seedless raisin[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(12): 2166−2174.
[4]
张斌, 热比古丽·哈力克, 艾则提古力·阿里木, 等. 促干剂预处理下晾干和烘干对10个葡萄品种制干效果的影响[J]. 南方农业, 2024, 18(18): 46−49.
ZHANG Bin, REBIGULI Halike, AIZETI Guli Alimu, et al. The effect of drying and air drying under the pretreatment of drying agent on the drying effect of 10 grape varieties[J]. South China Agriculture, 2024, 18(18): 46−49.
[5]
孟阳, 刘峰娟, 王玉红, 等. 热风干燥温度对无核白葡萄干品质的影响[J]. 食品与机械, 2015, 31(01): 204−207.
MENG Yang, LIU Fengjuan, WANG Yuhong, et al. Effect of different temperature air drying conditions on quality of thompson seedless grapes[J]. Food and Machinery, 2015, 31(01): 204−207.
[6]
吕丹丹, 赵晓敏, 李学文, 等. 不同促干剂处理对无核白葡萄干褐变的影响[J]. 食品科技, 2019, 44(1): 58−62.
LÜ Dandan, ZHAO Xiaomin, LI Xuewen, et al. Optimization of drying agent to improve drying rate of seedless grape[J]. Food Science and Technology, 2019, 44(1): 58−62.
[7]
廉苇佳, 徐彦军, 艾斯坎尔·买提尼牙孜, 等. 不同促干剂对无核白葡萄干燥速率及感官品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1277−1283.
LIAN Weijia, XU Yanjun, ISKAR Maitiniyazi, et al. Effects of different drying promoters on drying rate and sensory quality of seedless green grape[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1277−1283.
[8]
OLIVATI C, de OLIVEIRA N Y P, de SOUZA R T, et al. Effect of the pre-treatment and the drying process on the phenolic composition of raisins produced with a seedless Brazilian grape cultivar[J]. Food Research International, 2019, 116: 190−199.
[9]
SHABIR M, BARI B, ALI Naila, et al. Impact of olive oil and potassium carbonate pretreatment on physico-chemical properties of Sun-dried Sundar Khani raisins (Vitis vinifera L.)[J]. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 2024, 36(10): 103465.
[10]
AKYOL K N, ÖZÇELIK M M, BARDAKÇı M S, et al. The impact of carbonic maceration pretreatment on the convective drying of seedless grapes: RSM optimization, drying characteristics and microstructure[J]. Food Science & Nutrition, 2025, 13(3): e70066.
[11]
王冬, 朱保庆, 王云鹤, 等. 促干剂处理对无核白葡萄干香气的影响[J]. 食品工业科技, 2013, 34(12): 106−111.
WANG Dong, ZHU Baoqing, WANG Yunhe, et al. Effect of dry-promoter on the contents of flavours in Thompson seedless raisins[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2013, 34(12): 106−111.
[12]
SINEM K, OZKAN K, SEYED H H, et al. Characterization of volatile compounds of Gök Üzüm raisins produced from grapes pre-treated with different dipping solutions[J]. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 2023, 10(1): 55.
[13]
谢辉, 张恒, 王敏, 等. 不同干燥工艺对新疆主要制干葡萄干燥特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(7): 1332−1341.
XIE Hui, ZHANG Heng, WANG Min, et al. Effects of different drying techniques on drying characteristics of main raisins in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(7): 1332−1341.
[14]
张雯, 韩守安, 王敏, 等. 基于质构和感官评价方法构建绿葡萄干干燥标准及快速检测技术[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(28): 128−135.
ZHANG Wen, HAN Shouan, WANG Min, et al. Drying standard and rapid detection technology of green raisin based on texture and sensory evaluation method[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(28): 128−135.
[15]
徐烨, 李旋, 毕金峰, 等. 复合再造型真空冷冻干燥桃溶果色泽调控研究[J]. 中国食品学报, 2022, 22(7): 160−172.
XU Ye, LI Xuan, BI Jinfeng, et al. Studies on the color regulation of restructured vacuum freeze-drying peach products[J]. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2022, 22(7): 160−172.
[16]
尹明雪, 刘晓瑜, 程傲峰, 等. 鲜切、烫漂和速冻过程对油炸薯条品质的影响[J/OL]. 食品工业科技, 1−19[2025-06-12]. https://doi.org/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020269.
YIN Mingxue, LIU Xiaoyu, CHENG Aofeng, et al. Effect of cutting, blanching and freezing processing on the quality of french fries[J/OL]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 1−19[2025-06-12]. https://doi.org/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020269.
[17]
张雅欣, 李旋, 胡佳星, 等. 基于非靶向代谢组学的特色寒地浆果滋味品质分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2024, 40(13): 293−301.
ZHANG Yaxin, LI Xuan, HU Jiaxing, et al. Analysis of the taste quality of specialty cold region berries based on non-targeted metabolomics[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2024, 40(13): 293−301.
[18]
刘格格, 毕金峰, 苟敏, 等. 基于GC-MS及电子鼻技术结合化学计量法表征8种白桃关键香气的差异[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(18): 277−285.
LIU Gege, BI Jinfeng, GOU Min, et al. Gas chromatography and electronic nose combined with chemometrics to investigate differences in key aroma components in eight white-fleshed peach cultivars[J]. Food Science, 2023, 44(18): 277−285.
[19]
YANG Youyou, LI Jing, XING Jiangtao, et al. Untargeted profiling and differentiation of volatiles in varieties of meat using GC orbitrap MS[J]. Foods, 2022, 11(24): 3997.
[20]
张晓敏, 徐玉娟, 余元善, 等. 龙眼间歇热泵干燥特性及干燥过程品质变化[J]. 食品工业科技, 2024, 45(23): 208−216.
ZHANG Xiaomin, XU Yujuan, YU Yuanshan, et al. Study on drying characteristics and quality properties of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour. )during intermittent heat pump drying[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024, 45(23): 208−216.
[21]
CARRANZA-CONCHA J, BENLLOCH M, CAMACHO M M, et al. Effects of drying and pretreatment on the nutritional and functional quality of raisins[J]. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2012, 90(2): 243−248.
[22]
穆申玲, 沈文锋, 吕大伍, 等. 电子鼻技术及其应用研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2024, 38(14): 52−65.
MU Shenling, SHEN Wenfeng, LÜ Dawu, et al. Advancements in electronic nose technology and its applications[J]. Materials Reports, 2024, 38(14): 52−65.
[23]
JAVED H U, LIU Y S, HAO J G, et al. Aromatic perspectives: An in-depth review on extracting, influencing factors, and the origins of raisin aromas[J]. Food Chemistry: X, 2024, 22: 101285.
[24]
涂崔, 潘秋红, 朱保庆, 等. 葡萄与葡萄酒单萜化合物的研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2011, 38(7): 397−1406.
TU Cui, PAN Qiuhong, ZHU Baoqing, et al. Progress in study of monoterpene compounds in grape and wine[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2011, 38(7): 397−1406.
[25]
RIENTH M, VIGNERON N, DARRIET P, et al. Grape berry secondary metabolites and their modulation by abiotic factors in a climate change scenario-a review[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2021, 12: 643258.
[26]
BUDIĆ-LETO I, HUMAR I, KLJUSURIĆ J G, et al. Free and bound volatile aroma compounds of 'Maraština' grapes as influenced by dehydration techniques[J]. Applied Sciences, 2020, 10(24): 8928.
[27]
JAVED H U, WANG D, ANDALEEB R, et al. Drying treatments change the composition of aromatic compounds from fresh to dried centennial seedless grapes[J]. Foods, 2021, 10(3): 559.
[28]
高婵, 王文亮, 李宁阳, 等. 酸处理对干燥香菇甲醛、镉及挥发性风味物质的影响[J]. 食品工业科技, 2023, 44(5): 258−266.
GAO Chan, WANG Wenliang, LI Ningyang, et al. Effects of acid treatment on formaldehyde, cadmium and volatile flavor compounds in dried Lentinus edodes[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(5): 258−266.
[29]
WANG D, JAVED H U, SHI Y, et al. Impact of drying method on the evaluation of fatty acids and their derived volatile compounds in 'Thompson seedless' raisins[J]. Molecules, 2020, 25(3): 608.
[30]
王冬. 葡萄干特征干化香气组成及其产生机制研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2017.
WANG Dong. Study on the composition and the generation mechanism of characteristic raisin aroma compounds in raisins[D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2017.
[31]
黄翠欣, 坤吉瑞, 林耘志, 等. 不同花期珠兰花及珠兰花茶香气品质分析[J]. 食品科学, 2024, 45(23): 168−179.
HUANG Cuixin, KUN Jirui, LIN Yunzhi, et al. Analysis of aroma quality of pearl orchid at different flowering stages and its scented tea[J]. Food Science, 2024, 45(23): 168−179.
[32]
WANG Dong, CAI Jian, ZHU Baoqing, et al. Study of free and glycosidically bound volatile compounds in air-dried raisins from three seedless grape varieties using HS–SPME with GC–MS[J]. Food Chemistry, 2015, 177: 346−353.
[33]
WANG Dong, DUAN Changqing, SHI Ying, et al. Free and glycosidically bound volatile compounds in Sun-dried raisins made from different fragrance intensities grape varieties using a validated HS-SPME with GC–MS method[J]. Food Chemistry, 2017, 228: 125−135.
[34]
FENG Jinze, ZHANG Beibei, ZHANG Haonan, et al. Combining with E-nose, GC-MS, GC-IMS and chemometrics to explore volatile characteristics during the different stages of Zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim fruits[J]. Food Research International, 2024, 195: 114964.
[35]
李扬, 李妍, 李栋, 等. 基于ROAV和嗅闻技术分析乳脂的关键风味化合物[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(6): 262−267.
LI Yang, LI Yan, LI Dong, et al. Analysis of key flavor compounds in dairy fat products using relative odor activity value and olfactometry[J]. Food Science, 2023, 44(6): 262−267.
[36]
王永伦, 李兴, 杨苗, 等. 干燥方式对真姬菇菌柄和菌盖挥发性风味物质的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(8): 268−276.
WANG Yonglun, LI Xing, YANG Miao, et al. Effect of drying methods on the volatile flavor compounds of the Pileus and stipe of Hypsizygus marmoreus[J]. Food Science, 2023, 44(8): 268−276.
[37]
李婷婷, 黄名正, 唐维媛, 等. 刺梨汁中挥发性成分测定及其呈香贡献分析[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2021, 47(4): 237−246.
LI Tingting, HUANG Mingzheng, TANG Weiyuan, et al. Determination of volatile components in Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice and the analysis of its contribution for aroma[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2021, 47(4): 237−246.
[38]
WELKE J E, ZANUS M, LAZZAROTTO M, et al. Quantitative analysis of headspace volatile compounds using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and their contribution to the aroma of Chardonnay wine[J]. Food Research International, 2014, 59: 85−99.
[39]
李凯, 王金晶, 李永仙, 等. 红心火龙果果酒特征香气分析[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2019, 45(13): 217−223.
LI Kai, WANG Jinjing, LI Yongxian, et al. Characteristic aroma components of red pitaya wine[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2019, 45(13): 217−223.
[40]
赵子贤, 杨金雨, 汪梦诗, 等. 12种国产主栽猕猴桃品种果酒风味物质特征分析[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(8): 178−188.
ZHAO Zixian, YANG Jinyu, WANG Mengshi, et al. Characteristic flavor substances in wines made from 12 major domestic kiwifruit cultivars[J]. Food Science, 2025, 46(8): 178−188.
[41]
李永华, 吴鹏, 徐建寒, 等. 真空与摇青对陇南白茶风味物质基础的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(8): 189−197.
LI Yonghua, WU Peng, XU Jianhan, et al. Effects of vacuum and shaking on flavor substances of Longnan white tea[J]. Food Science, 2025, 46(8): 189−197.
[42]
SONG Shiqing, FAN Li, XU Xiaodong, et al. Aroma patterns characterization of braised pork obtained from a novel ingredient by sensory-guided analysis and gas-chromatography-olfactometry[J]. Foods, 2019, 8(3): 87.
[43]
LISZKOWSKA W, BERLOWSKA J. Yeast fermentation at low temperatures: Adaptation to changing environmental conditions and formation of volatile compounds[J]. Molecules, 2021, 26(4): 1035.
[44]
孙亚丽, 卞建明, 谢秋涛, 等. 基于GC-MS与电子鼻技术结合化学计量学方法分析不同品种桂花浸膏的挥发性成分[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(10): 257−264.
SUN Yali, BIAN Jianming, XIE Qiutao, et al. Analysis of volatile components of Osmanthus fragrans extracts from different varieties by GC-MS and electronic nose combined with chemometrics[J]. Food Science, 2023, 44(10): 257−264.
[45]
JAVED H U, WANG D, SHI Y, et al. Changes of free-form volatile compounds in pre-treated raisins with different packaging materials during storage[J]. Food Research International, 2018, 107: 649−659.
[46]
LI Junxing, MIAO Aiqing, ZHAO Gangjun, et al. Assessment of the 'taro-like' aroma of pumpkin fruit (Cucurbita moschata D. ) via E-nose, GC–MS and GC-O analysis[J]. Food Chemistry: X, 2022, 15: 100435.
2026年第47卷第9期
PDF下载
81
38
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192
  • 接收时间:2025-06-18
  • 首发时间:2026-05-13
  • 出版时间:2026-05-01
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-18
基金
作者信息
    1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工与贮藏重点实验室,北京 100193
    2.辽宁大学轻型产业学院,辽宁沈阳 110036
    3.新疆阗丰农业科技有限责任公司,新疆和田 848400

通讯作者:

毕金峰(1970−),男,博士,研究员,研究方向:果蔬食品制造与营养健康理论及技术,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060192
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏