Article(id=1320882502961582514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880138208784845, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080211, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1755619200000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852529516, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1785513600000, pubDateStr=2026-08-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852529516, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852529516, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852529516, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320880138208784845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='15', pageStart='1', pageEnd='524', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1785513600000', pubDateStr='2026-08-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792851965715, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792851965715, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=365, endPage=378, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320882504316342708, articleId=1320882502961582514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Evaluation of Quality Differences and Processing Suitability of Yunnan
Phyllanthus emblica L. Based on Intelligent Sensory Techniques and Multivariate Statistics, columnId=1261343843585241413, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Analysis and Determination, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
This study investigated the quality diversity and processing suitability of six representative Phyllanthus emblica L. varieties from Yunnan. Comprehensive analyses were conducted to determine appearance quality, physicochemical properties, bioactive components, antioxidant capacity, and flavor profiles using electronic tongue and electronic nose. Multivariate statistical techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and cluster analysis (CA), were employed to analyze the indicators and classify the varieties. The results revealed significant diversity among the varieties, with coefficients of variation exceeding 20% for 15 indicators, including a* value, single fruit weight, firmness, flavonoid content, and sugar-acid ratio. Distinct flavor profiles among the six varieties were effectively differentiated by a PCA model. PCA and PLS-DA identified 14 key indicators, such as total acidity, sourness, and sweet aftertaste, as core determinants of fruit quality. Cluster analysis based on these core indicators classified the varieties into four groups: 'Zaofeng' (Group Ⅰ), characterized by high levels of total acidity, flavonoids, and crude fiber, exhibiting strong responses to sourness, astringency, sweetness, sulfur compounds, nitrogen-containing substances, and aldehydes/ketones, contributing to a rich and complex flavor profile, suitable for processing fermented drinks or functional tablets; 'Yesheng' (Group Ⅱ), notable for its high ascorbic acid and total phenolic content, demonstrated excellent antioxidant properties and a pronounced sweet aftertaste, which could be processed as healthcare beverages. 'Yingyu' (Group Ⅲ), distinguished by bright and translucent fruit color, high firmness and flesh-to-seed ratio, minimal astringency, and low coarse fiber content, which were suitable for fresh consumption or processing ready-to-eat recreational products. 'Nuoganlan' 'Boligan', and 'Bingtian' (Group Ⅳ), featuring higher moisture content and juice yield, lower astringency and sourness, and prominent sulfur and aldehyde-ketone aromas, which could be processed as flavor-oriented beverages. Furthermore, pearson correlation analysis validated the effectiveness of these core indicators for comprehensive quality evaluation and established linear relationships among them. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the efficient screening of Phyllanthus emblica L. varieties and establishes a systematic framework for quality evaluation in targeted processing applications.
, authors=Huayan WANG
1, Liyue QIN
1, Xin HU
1, Daiqin HE
1, Haidan WANG
1, Qiongling ZHAO
2, Yuting HUANG
3, Feifei MA
1, *, authorsList=Huayan WANG, Liyue QIN, Xin HU, Daiqin HE, Haidan WANG, Qiongling ZHAO, Yuting HUANG, Feifei MA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Feifei MA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320882506484797895, articleId=1320882502961582514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=基于智能感官与多元统计学的云南余甘子品质差异及加工适宜性评价, columnId=1261343846139572559, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=分析检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
为探究云南余甘子品种间的品质差异和加工适宜性,以云南6种代表性余甘子为研究对象,测定其外观品质、理化特性、活性成分与抗氧化能力等指标,利用电子舌和电子鼻进行滋味、气味指纹分析,并采用主成分分析、偏最小二乘判别分析和聚类分析等方法进行指标分析与品种分类研究。结果表明:a*值、单果重、硬度、黄酮、糖酸比等15项指标的变异系数均大于20%,品种间存在差异性;6种余甘子的风味指纹显著分化,主成分模型能有效区分品种间的差异。主成分分析和偏最小二乘法判别分析,确定总酸、酸味、甘味回味等14项指标是决定余甘子品质的核心指标。利用核心指标进行品种聚类,将余甘子分为四类,‘早丰’为第一类,总酸、黄酮和粗纤维含量高,在酸味、涩味、甘味、对硫化物、对含氮类物质和对醛酮类物质上具有强响应,风味层次丰富,适宜加工发酵饮品或功能含片;‘野生’为第二类,抗坏血酸、总酚含量突出,抗氧化性能优异,甘味回味明显,可开发保健饮品;‘盈玉’为第三类,果色鲜亮通透、硬度和果肉占比高、涩味不明显、粗纤维含量低,适宜鲜食或加工即食休闲产品;‘糯橄榄’‘玻璃甘’和‘丙甜’为第四类,水分含量和出汁率较高,酸涩味较低,硫化物和醛酮类香气突出,可开发风味导向型饮品。Pearson 相关性分析进一步验证了核心指标对余甘子品质的综合评价效果并构建了核心指标间的线性关系。本研究可为余甘子加工品种的高效筛选及系统性品质评价提供理论支撑。
, authors=王华艳
1, 秦力悦
1, 胡昕
1, 何代琴
1, 王海丹
1, 赵琼玲
2, 黄钰婷
3, 马菲菲
1, *, authorsList=王华艳, 秦力悦, 胡昕, 何代琴, 王海丹, 赵琼玲, 黄钰婷, 马菲菲, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=马菲菲, authorNote=
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2Institute of Tropical Eco-agriculture Sciences, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chuxiong 651300, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882510427443695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, authorId=1320882510247088619, language=CN, stringName=赵琼玲, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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Phyllanthus emblica ethanol extract and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2020, 254: 112740., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882506707096008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882506715484617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, companyId=1320882506707096008, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650221, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882506723873226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, companyId=1320882506707096008, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1云南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,云南昆明 650221)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320882506866479563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882506870673868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, companyId=1320882506866479563, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2Institute of Tropical Eco-agriculture Sciences, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chuxiong 651300, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882506879062477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, companyId=1320882506866479563, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南楚雄 651300)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320882506958754254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882506971337167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, companyId=1320882506958754254, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3Yuanmou Alec Food Co., Ltd., Chuxiong 651300, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882506979725776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, companyId=1320882506958754254, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3元谋艾莱克食品有限责任公司,云南楚雄 651300)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320882514059710984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Appearance of Phyllanthus emblica L., figureFileSmall=Jdc+WjfMyaVcofZ53xc0UA==, figureFileBig=5UuM3dF7QyXNF8P1HODXvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882514181345801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
余甘子外观图, figureFileSmall=Jdc+WjfMyaVcofZ53xc0UA==, figureFileBig=5UuM3dF7QyXNF8P1HODXvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882514399449610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Physicochemical indexes of Phyllanthus emblica L., figureFileSmall=uzs+99EAVzJzw1eTMoxlKQ==, figureFileBig=uV8gxEmRtokWYNx1vwXoAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882514491724299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
余甘子理化指标注:A. 水分、可溶性固形物;B. 总糖、还原糖;C. 总酸、pH;D. 粗纤维、糖酸比;不同小写字母表示不同组别间的显著性差异(P<0.05),图3同。
, figureFileSmall=uzs+99EAVzJzw1eTMoxlKQ==, figureFileBig=uV8gxEmRtokWYNx1vwXoAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882514588193292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Active components and antioxidant capacity of Phyllanthus emblica L., figureFileSmall=JVIjlOF0stRTeia74l5HTg==, figureFileBig=qGJYrt2TFF+FKyea3c9SDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882514697245197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
余甘子活性成分与抗氧化能力注:A. 抗坏血酸、总酚、黄酮;B. 自由基清除率。
, figureFileSmall=JVIjlOF0stRTeia74l5HTg==, figureFileBig=qGJYrt2TFF+FKyea3c9SDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882514785325582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Taste index analysis of Phyllanthus emblica L. (A) and PCA (B), figureFileSmall=qtWEISapW40GHvmvo2ApQA==, figureFileBig=8IxCEhhu/IDNC2OAMFx9nw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882514932126223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
余甘子滋味指标分析(A)与PCA(B), figureFileSmall=qtWEISapW40GHvmvo2ApQA==, figureFileBig=8IxCEhhu/IDNC2OAMFx9nw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515016012304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Radar image (A) and PCA (B) of Phyllanthus emblica L. electronic nose, figureFileSmall=uG5mBDLpW7r1DZPeiKRktg==, figureFileBig=RJaNtNx5aRhLyULtwyqrwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515146035729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
余甘子电子鼻雷达图(A)与PCA(B), figureFileSmall=uG5mBDLpW7r1DZPeiKRktg==, figureFileBig=RJaNtNx5aRhLyULtwyqrwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515246699026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Sensory evaluation of Phyllanthus emblica L., figureFileSmall=4YYrVX3fue3eTkOJ9gn2KQ==, figureFileBig=8QG0TaMdtfpA0hwB/XxH2w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515343168019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
余甘子感官评价, figureFileSmall=4YYrVX3fue3eTkOJ9gn2KQ==, figureFileBig=8QG0TaMdtfpA0hwB/XxH2w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515422859796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Variable important in projection (VIP) scores of main components, figureFileSmall=Uvqfqy0keo4v4v4VKpX7Hw==, figureFileBig=yQd6hYGdG9/N7qmEJUc7dw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515531911701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
主要成分的变量贡献度, figureFileSmall=Uvqfqy0keo4v4v4VKpX7Hw==, figureFileBig=yQd6hYGdG9/N7qmEJUc7dw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515628380694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Core quality index clustering heat map, figureFileSmall=kKUoi1FOAnPlGaxKTIbzHA==, figureFileBig=f/hmyFDncWVeuc+7auJp4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515699683863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
核心品质指标的聚类热图, figureFileSmall=kKUoi1FOAnPlGaxKTIbzHA==, figureFileBig=f/hmyFDncWVeuc+7auJp4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515804541464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Correlation analysis of core quality indicators, figureFileSmall=qkxfyrK1e4b3z/pP2ZlQuQ==, figureFileBig=qUAWYWsowNE0qCMymFxSOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882515909399065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
核心品质指标的相关性分析注:*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001。
, figureFileSmall=qkxfyrK1e4b3z/pP2ZlQuQ==, figureFileBig=qUAWYWsowNE0qCMymFxSOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882517595509274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Performance description of electronic nose sensor
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 序号 | 传感器名称 | 响应物质 | 性能描述 |
|---|
| 1 | S1 | 短链烷烃 | 对丙烷、烟雾敏感 |
| 2 | S2 | 含碳物质 | 对酒精、烟雾、异丁烷、甲醛敏感 |
| 3 | S3 | 氢气 | 对氢气、含氢气体敏感 |
| 4 | S4 | 对硫化物 | 对硫化氢、硫化物敏感 |
| 5 | S5 | 对含氮类物质 | 对氨气、胺类敏感 |
| 6 | S6 | 对醛酮类 | 对甲苯、丙酮、乙醇、氢气敏感 |
| 7 | S7 | 短链烷烃类可燃气体等 | 对甲烷、天然气、沼气敏感 |
| 8 | S8 | 液化气 | 对液化气敏感 |
| 9 | S9 | 对烷烃、醇类、酮类等 | 对甲苯、甲醛、苯、酒精、丙酮敏感 |
| 10 | S10 | 对含氢、氢气等 | 对氢气敏感 |
| 11 | S11 | 对烷烃、一氧化碳等 | 对液化气、烷烃敏感 |
| 12 | S12 | 对部分有机溶剂 | 对液化气、甲烷类敏感 |
| 13 | S13 | 短链烷烃类 | 对甲烷敏感 |
| 14 | S14 | 对短链烷烃类 | 对甲烷、燃气、烟雾敏感 |
| 15 | S15 | 含碳类物质、醇类、醛类等 | 对酒精、烟雾、异丁烷、甲醛敏感 |
| 16 | S16 | 对硫化物 | 对硫化氢、硫化物敏感 |
| 17 | S17 | 对含氮类物质 | 对氨气、胺类敏感 |
| 18 | S18 | 对醛酮有机类 | 对甲苯、丙酮、乙醇敏感 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882517700366875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
电子鼻传感器性能描述
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 序号 | 传感器名称 | 响应物质 | 性能描述 |
|---|
| 1 | S1 | 短链烷烃 | 对丙烷、烟雾敏感 |
| 2 | S2 | 含碳物质 | 对酒精、烟雾、异丁烷、甲醛敏感 |
| 3 | S3 | 氢气 | 对氢气、含氢气体敏感 |
| 4 | S4 | 对硫化物 | 对硫化氢、硫化物敏感 |
| 5 | S5 | 对含氮类物质 | 对氨气、胺类敏感 |
| 6 | S6 | 对醛酮类 | 对甲苯、丙酮、乙醇、氢气敏感 |
| 7 | S7 | 短链烷烃类可燃气体等 | 对甲烷、天然气、沼气敏感 |
| 8 | S8 | 液化气 | 对液化气敏感 |
| 9 | S9 | 对烷烃、醇类、酮类等 | 对甲苯、甲醛、苯、酒精、丙酮敏感 |
| 10 | S10 | 对含氢、氢气等 | 对氢气敏感 |
| 11 | S11 | 对烷烃、一氧化碳等 | 对液化气、烷烃敏感 |
| 12 | S12 | 对部分有机溶剂 | 对液化气、甲烷类敏感 |
| 13 | S13 | 短链烷烃类 | 对甲烷敏感 |
| 14 | S14 | 对短链烷烃类 | 对甲烷、燃气、烟雾敏感 |
| 15 | S15 | 含碳类物质、醇类、醛类等 | 对酒精、烟雾、异丁烷、甲醛敏感 |
| 16 | S16 | 对硫化物 | 对硫化氢、硫化物敏感 |
| 17 | S17 | 对含氮类物质 | 对氨气、胺类敏感 |
| 18 | S18 | 对醛酮有机类 | 对甲苯、丙酮、乙醇敏感 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882517784252956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Sensory evaluation criteria of Phyllanthus emblica L.
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 评价标准 | 评分参考 |
|---|
外观 (20分) | 黄绿色,色泽均匀,有光泽,果形饱满,无褶皱 | 15~20 |
| 浅黄绿色,色泽较均匀,光泽度适中,果形基本规整,轻微凹凸 | 10~14 |
| 有黄褐色斑块,色泽不均匀,暗淡无光,果形不规则或褶皱 | 5~9 |
| 深褐色/黑斑,有杂色,无光泽,果形干瘪或破裂 | 1~4 |
质地 (20分) | 果皮薄韧易咬破,果肉脆嫩多汁,无纤维感 | 15~20 |
| 果皮硬度适中,果肉脆嫩,汁液适中 | 10~14 |
| 果皮过厚或韧性不足,果肉干涩/绵软,汁液少 | 5~9 |
| 果皮木质化或易破碎,果肉粗韧或汁液流失 | 1~4 |
回甘度 (20分) | 回甘强且持久,化渣 | 15~20 |
| 回甘明显,较化渣 | 10~14 |
| 回甘强度弱,轻微化渣 | 5~9 |
| 无回甘或有异味,不化渣 | 1~4 |
涩味度 (20分) | 微涩且涩味消失快 | 15~20 |
| 涩味稍明显 | 10~14 |
| 酸涩且涩味残留时间长 | 5~9 |
| 苦涩且强烈涩感难消退 | 1~4 |
甜香感 (20分) | 酸甜平衡,层次清晰,甜香味浓郁 | 15~20 |
| 酸甜基本协调,有甜香感 | 10~14 |
| 余甘子果味过酸/过淡,甜香感一般 | 5~9 |
| 酸味掩盖风味,无甜香感 | 1~4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882517889110557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
余甘子感官评价标准
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 评价标准 | 评分参考 |
|---|
外观 (20分) | 黄绿色,色泽均匀,有光泽,果形饱满,无褶皱 | 15~20 |
| 浅黄绿色,色泽较均匀,光泽度适中,果形基本规整,轻微凹凸 | 10~14 |
| 有黄褐色斑块,色泽不均匀,暗淡无光,果形不规则或褶皱 | 5~9 |
| 深褐色/黑斑,有杂色,无光泽,果形干瘪或破裂 | 1~4 |
质地 (20分) | 果皮薄韧易咬破,果肉脆嫩多汁,无纤维感 | 15~20 |
| 果皮硬度适中,果肉脆嫩,汁液适中 | 10~14 |
| 果皮过厚或韧性不足,果肉干涩/绵软,汁液少 | 5~9 |
| 果皮木质化或易破碎,果肉粗韧或汁液流失 | 1~4 |
回甘度 (20分) | 回甘强且持久,化渣 | 15~20 |
| 回甘明显,较化渣 | 10~14 |
| 回甘强度弱,轻微化渣 | 5~9 |
| 无回甘或有异味,不化渣 | 1~4 |
涩味度 (20分) | 微涩且涩味消失快 | 15~20 |
| 涩味稍明显 | 10~14 |
| 酸涩且涩味残留时间长 | 5~9 |
| 苦涩且强烈涩感难消退 | 1~4 |
甜香感 (20分) | 酸甜平衡,层次清晰,甜香味浓郁 | 15~20 |
| 酸甜基本协调,有甜香感 | 10~14 |
| 余甘子果味过酸/过淡,甜香感一般 | 5~9 |
| 酸味掩盖风味,无甜香感 | 1~4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882517977190942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Appearance characteristics and quality characteristics of Phyllanthus emblica L.
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 品种 | 单果重量(g) | 纵径(mm) | 横径(mm) | 果形指数 | 肉厚(mm) | 可食率(%) | 出汁率(%) | L* | a* | b* |
|---|
| BT | 13.96±1.35c | 24.65±0.75c | 30.56±0.45d | 0.80±0.03c | 1.00±0.10d | 88.64±0.89ab | 39.40±0.05d | 46.05±0.83e | 4.99±0.41a | 27.62±0.31b |
| YY | 44.24±2.68a | 39.26±1.48a | 45.35±0.47a | 0.87±0.04b | 1.55±0.05a | 89.67±0.3ab | 68.89±0.09a | 52.55±0.13b | 2.34±0.16b | 30.49±1.86a |
| BLG | 10.90±0.57d | 23.81±0.35c | 27.50±0.34e | 0.86±0.02b | 0.88±0.03e | 85.47±0.76d | 46.01±0.10c | 47.86±0.67d | −1.47±0.45c | 24.37±1.22c |
| NGL | 17.73±1.22b | 26.52±0.17b | 32.68±0.20c | 0.81±0.01c | 1.30±0.05b | 88.08±0.98bc | 52.18±0.23b | 46.79±1.25de | 4.82±0.12a | 25.72±0.21bc |
| ZF | 18.07±1.68b | 27.01±0.43b | 33.80±0.17b | 0.80±0.01c | 1.15±0.05c | 86.89±1.15cd | 39.43±0.08d | 49.57±0.68c | 3.05±0.44b | 27.54±1.85b |
| YS | 4.53±0.20e | 17.89±0.76d | 19.66±0.17f | 0.91±0.04a | 0.68±0.03f | 79.38±0.76e | 33.66±0.10e | 58.38±1.35a | −3.11±0.71d | 16.28±1.17d |
| 平均值 | 18.24 | 26.52 | 31.59 | 0.84 | 1.09 | 86.36 | 46.60 | 50.26 | 1.77 | 25.34 |
| 变异系数(%) | 68.84 | 24.35 | 24.38 | 5.31 | 6.16 | 4.01 | 24.76 | 8.73 | 173.60 | 18.11 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882518082048543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
余甘子外观品质特性
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 品种 | 单果重量(g) | 纵径(mm) | 横径(mm) | 果形指数 | 肉厚(mm) | 可食率(%) | 出汁率(%) | L* | a* | b* |
|---|
| BT | 13.96±1.35c | 24.65±0.75c | 30.56±0.45d | 0.80±0.03c | 1.00±0.10d | 88.64±0.89ab | 39.40±0.05d | 46.05±0.83e | 4.99±0.41a | 27.62±0.31b |
| YY | 44.24±2.68a | 39.26±1.48a | 45.35±0.47a | 0.87±0.04b | 1.55±0.05a | 89.67±0.3ab | 68.89±0.09a | 52.55±0.13b | 2.34±0.16b | 30.49±1.86a |
| BLG | 10.90±0.57d | 23.81±0.35c | 27.50±0.34e | 0.86±0.02b | 0.88±0.03e | 85.47±0.76d | 46.01±0.10c | 47.86±0.67d | −1.47±0.45c | 24.37±1.22c |
| NGL | 17.73±1.22b | 26.52±0.17b | 32.68±0.20c | 0.81±0.01c | 1.30±0.05b | 88.08±0.98bc | 52.18±0.23b | 46.79±1.25de | 4.82±0.12a | 25.72±0.21bc |
| ZF | 18.07±1.68b | 27.01±0.43b | 33.80±0.17b | 0.80±0.01c | 1.15±0.05c | 86.89±1.15cd | 39.43±0.08d | 49.57±0.68c | 3.05±0.44b | 27.54±1.85b |
| YS | 4.53±0.20e | 17.89±0.76d | 19.66±0.17f | 0.91±0.04a | 0.68±0.03f | 79.38±0.76e | 33.66±0.10e | 58.38±1.35a | −3.11±0.71d | 16.28±1.17d |
| 平均值 | 18.24 | 26.52 | 31.59 | 0.84 | 1.09 | 86.36 | 46.60 | 50.26 | 1.77 | 25.34 |
| 变异系数(%) | 68.84 | 24.35 | 24.38 | 5.31 | 6.16 | 4.01 | 24.76 | 8.73 | 173.60 | 18.11 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882518170128928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Texture characteristics of Phyllanthus emblica L.
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 品种 | 硬度(N) | 粘附性(N·mm) | 内聚性 | 弹性(mm) | 咀嚼性(mJ) |
|---|
| BT | 21.95±0.40e | 0.01±0.00b | 0.80±0.04a | 0.97±0.08c | 16.11±0.38e |
| YY | 99.02±0.38a | 0.04±0.01a | 0.70±0.02c | 1.63±0.09a | 112.23±0.37a |
| BLG | 30.42±0.25d | 0.01±0.00b | 0.79±0.06ab | 0.98±0.04c | 23.35±0.58d |
| NGL | 33.67±0.46c | 0.01±0.00b | 0.79±0.01ab | 1.13±0.04b | 30.33±0.37c |
| ZF | 64.92±0.83b | 0.02±0.01b | 0.72±0.05bc | 1.17±0.04b | 56.34±0.50b |
| YS | 21.64±0.74e | 0.01±0.00b | 0.70±0.03c | 0.76±0.07d | 12.18±0.20f |
| 平均值 | 45.27 | 0.02 | 0.75 | 1.11 | 41.76 |
| 变异系数(%) | 78.72 | 7.19 | 24.78 | 62.05 | 82.86 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882518291763745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
余甘子质构特性
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 品种 | 硬度(N) | 粘附性(N·mm) | 内聚性 | 弹性(mm) | 咀嚼性(mJ) |
|---|
| BT | 21.95±0.40e | 0.01±0.00b | 0.80±0.04a | 0.97±0.08c | 16.11±0.38e |
| YY | 99.02±0.38a | 0.04±0.01a | 0.70±0.02c | 1.63±0.09a | 112.23±0.37a |
| BLG | 30.42±0.25d | 0.01±0.00b | 0.79±0.06ab | 0.98±0.04c | 23.35±0.58d |
| NGL | 33.67±0.46c | 0.01±0.00b | 0.79±0.01ab | 1.13±0.04b | 30.33±0.37c |
| ZF | 64.92±0.83b | 0.02±0.01b | 0.72±0.05bc | 1.17±0.04b | 56.34±0.50b |
| YS | 21.64±0.74e | 0.01±0.00b | 0.70±0.03c | 0.76±0.07d | 12.18±0.20f |
| 平均值 | 45.27 | 0.02 | 0.75 | 1.11 | 41.76 |
| 变异系数(%) | 78.72 | 7.19 | 24.78 | 62.05 | 82.86 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882518396621346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Core value and variance contribution rate of principal component analysis of Phyllanthus emblica L. quality index
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 | PC5 |
|---|
| 水分含量(X1) | −0.77 | −0.18 | −0.09 | −0.13 | 0.01 |
| 粗纤维含量(X2) | 0.91 | 0.40 | 0.36 | −0.10 | −0.19 |
| 可溶性固形物(X3) | 0.94 | 0.23 | 0.10 | 0.21 | −0.12 |
| pH(X4) | −0.54 | 0.68 | −0.18 | 0.41 | 0.15 |
| 横径(X5) | −0.37 | 0.07 | 0.73 | −0.29 | −0.01 |
| 纵径(X6) | −0.32 | −0.10 | 0.70 | −0.27 | 0.02 |
| 肉厚(X7) | −0.33 | 0.11 | 0.85 | −0.34 | −0.28 |
| 单果重量(X8) | −0.26 | −0.15 | 0.95 | −0.19 | −0.03 |
| 果形指数(X9) | 0.40 | −0.72 | −0.03 | 0.19 | 0.10 |
| 可食率(X10) | 0.48 | −0.04 | −0.43 | 0.75 | 0.06 |
| 出汁率(X11) | −0.33 | 0.34 | 0.37 | −0.36 | 0.78 |
| L*值(X12) | 0.48 | −0.04 | −0.43 | 0.75 | 0.06 |
| a*值(X13) | −0.33 | 0.44 | 0.37 | −0.36 | 0.76 |
| b*值(X14) | 0.36 | 0.34 | −0.90 | 0.33 | 0.08 |
| 硬度(X15) | 0.09 | −0.04 | 0.94 | −0.29 | 0.14 |
| 粘附性(X16) | −0.02 | −0.27 | 0.60 | −0.07 | 0.12 |
| 内聚性(X17) | −0.63 | 0.19 | −0.29 | −0.19 | −0.10 |
| 弹性(X18) | −0.24 | −0.05 | 0.79 | −0.33 | −0.03 |
| 咀嚼性(X19) | −0.01 | −0.12 | 0.95 | −0.25 | 0.09 |
| 总糖含量(X20) | −0.39 | 0.01 | −0.45 | 0.80 | −0.09 |
| 还原糖含量(X21) | −0.34 | −0.35 | −0.61 | 0.48 | −0.40 |
| 总酸含量(X22) | 0.42 | 0.25 | 0.40 | −0.81 | 0.30 |
| 糖酸比(X23) | −0.26 | −0.02 | −0.22 | 0.92 | −0.15 |
| 抗坏血酸含量(X24) | 0.96 | −0.08 | −0.07 | −0.13 | 0.35 |
| 总酚含量(X25) | 0.96 | 0.07 | −0.21 | −0.20 | −0.26 |
| 黄酮含量(X26) | 0.91 | 0.37 | 0.21 | −0.30 | −0.11 |
| ABTS+自由基清除率(X27) | 0.94 | 0.22 | −0.15 | −0.11 | −0.15 |
| DPPH自由基清除率(X28) | 0.69 | 0.06 | −0.42 | −0.47 | −0.20 |
| 羟自由基清除率(X29) | 0.94 | 0.11 | −0.21 | 0.21 | −0.14 |
| 甜味(X30) | −0.31 | −0.08 | −0.51 | 0.75 | −0.29 |
| 酸味(X31) | 0.62 | −0.08 | 0.31 | −0.89 | 0.08 |
| 苦味(X32) | 0.66 | −0.08 | 0.17 | 0.18 | −0.04 |
| 涩味(X33) | 0.96 | −0.13 | −0.31 | −0.11 | 0.07 |
| 甘味(X34) | 0.98 | 0.24 | −0.34 | −0.22 | 0.13 |
| 咸味(X35) | 0.67 | 0.33 | −0.09 | −0.14 | −0.02 |
| 苦味回味(X36) | 0.51 | 0.41 | −0.23 | −0.06 | 0.10 |
| 涩味回味(X37) | 0.79 | −0.06 | −0.33 | −0.14 | 0.07 |
| 甘味回味(X38) | 0.98 | 0.11 | −0.43 | −0.33 | −0.06 |
| S1(X39) | 0.69 | 0.57 | −0.04 | 0.34 | 0.33 |
| S2(X40) | 0.41 | 0.36 | −0.24 | 0.79 | 0.13 |
| S3(X41) | −0.19 | −0.38 | −0.07 | 0.50 | −0.27 |
| S4(X42) | 0.37 | 0.97 | −0.09 | 0.09 | −0.05 |
| S5(X43) | 0.35 | 0.94 | −0.10 | 0.02 | −0.05 |
| S6(X44) | −0.02 | 0.97 | 0.03 | −0.13 | 0.07 |
| S7(X45) | 0.15 | 0.51 | −0.02 | −0.01 | 0.28 |
| S8(X46) | 0.47 | 0.78 | −0.06 | 0.08 | 0.25 |
| S9(X47) | 0.30 | 0.74 | −0.02 | 0.45 | 0.02 |
| S10(X48) | 0.17 | 0.77 | 0.59 | −0.15 | 0.21 |
| S11(X49) | 0.50 | 0.75 | −0.10 | 0.09 | 0.01 |
| S12(X50) | 0.24 | 0.79 | −0.02 | −0.06 | 0.10 |
| S13(X51) | 0.12 | 0.74 | 0.04 | −0.20 | 0.01 |
| S14(X52) | −0.32 | 0.97 | 0.10 | −0.49 | −0.03 |
| S15(X53) | 0.32 | 0.91 | −0.18 | 0.25 | 0.36 |
| S16(X54) | 0.34 | 0.94 | −0.01 | 0.02 | 0.05 |
| S17(X55) | −0.22 | 0.93 | −0.20 | 0.17 | 0.12 |
| S18(X56) | −0.27 | 0.77 | 0.03 | −0.33 | −0.22 |
| 感官评分(X57) | 0.41 | 0.38 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.93 |
| 初始核心值 | 17.76 | 14.70 | 11.39 | 8.49 | 2.74 |
| 方差贡献率(%) | 31.16 | 25.79 | 19.98 | 14.89 | 4.80 |
| 累积方差贡献率(%) | 31.16 | 56.95 | 76.93 | 91.81 | 96.61 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882518535033379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882502961582514, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
余甘子品质指标主成分分析核心值及方差贡献率
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 | PC5 |
|---|
| 水分含量(X1) | −0.77 | −0.18 | −0.09 | −0.13 | 0.01 |
| 粗纤维含量(X2) | 0.91 | 0.40 | 0.36 | −0.10 | −0.19 |
| 可溶性固形物(X3) | 0.94 | 0.23 | 0.10 | 0.21 | −0.12 |
| pH(X4) | −0.54 | 0.68 | −0.18 | 0.41 | 0.15 |
| 横径(X5) | −0.37 | 0.07 | 0.73 | −0.29 | −0.01 |
| 纵径(X6) | −0.32 | −0.10 | 0.70 | −0.27 | 0.02 |
| 肉厚(X7) | −0.33 | 0.11 | 0.85 | −0.34 | −0.28 |
| 单果重量(X8) | −0.26 | −0.15 | 0.95 | −0.19 | −0.03 |
| 果形指数(X9) | 0.40 | −0.72 | −0.03 | 0.19 | 0.10 |
| 可食率(X10) | 0.48 | −0.04 | −0.43 | 0.75 | 0.06 |
| 出汁率(X11) | −0.33 | 0.34 | 0.37 | −0.36 | 0.78 |
| L*值(X12) | 0.48 | −0.04 | −0.43 | 0.75 | 0.06 |
| a*值(X13) | −0.33 | 0.44 | 0.37 | −0.36 | 0.76 |
| b*值(X14) | 0.36 | 0.34 | −0.90 | 0.33 | 0.08 |
| 硬度(X15) | 0.09 | −0.04 | 0.94 | −0.29 | 0.14 |
| 粘附性(X16) | −0.02 | −0.27 | 0.60 | −0.07 | 0.12 |
| 内聚性(X17) | −0.63 | 0.19 | −0.29 | −0.19 | −0.10 |
| 弹性(X18) | −0.24 | −0.05 | 0.79 | −0.33 | −0.03 |
| 咀嚼性(X19) | −0.01 | −0.12 | 0.95 | −0.25 | 0.09 |
| 总糖含量(X20) | −0.39 | 0.01 | −0.45 | 0.80 | −0.09 |
| 还原糖含量(X21) | −0.34 | −0.35 | −0.61 | 0.48 | −0.40 |
| 总酸含量(X22) | 0.42 | 0.25 | 0.40 | −0.81 | 0.30 |
| 糖酸比(X23) | −0.26 | −0.02 | −0.22 | 0.92 | −0.15 |
| 抗坏血酸含量(X24) | 0.96 | −0.08 | −0.07 | −0.13 | 0.35 |
| 总酚含量(X25) | 0.96 | 0.07 | −0.21 | −0.20 | −0.26 |
| 黄酮含量(X26) | 0.91 | 0.37 | 0.21 | −0.30 | −0.11 |
| ABTS+自由基清除率(X27) | 0.94 | 0.22 | −0.15 | −0.11 | −0.15 |
| DPPH自由基清除率(X28) | 0.69 | 0.06 | −0.42 | −0.47 | −0.20 |
| 羟自由基清除率(X29) | 0.94 | 0.11 | −0.21 | 0.21 | −0.14 |
| 甜味(X30) | −0.31 | −0.08 | −0.51 | 0.75 | −0.29 |
| 酸味(X31) | 0.62 | −0.08 | 0.31 | −0.89 | 0.08 |
| 苦味(X32) | 0.66 | −0.08 | 0.17 | 0.18 | −0.04 |
| 涩味(X33) | 0.96 | −0.13 | −0.31 | −0.11 | 0.07 |
| 甘味(X34) | 0.98 | 0.24 | −0.34 | −0.22 | 0.13 |
| 咸味(X35) | 0.67 | 0.33 | −0.09 | −0.14 | −0.02 |
| 苦味回味(X36) | 0.51 | 0.41 | −0.23 | −0.06 | 0.10 |
| 涩味回味(X37) | 0.79 | −0.06 | −0.33 | −0.14 | 0.07 |
| 甘味回味(X38) | 0.98 | 0.11 | −0.43 | −0.33 | −0.06 |
| S1(X39) | 0.69 | 0.57 | −0.04 | 0.34 | 0.33 |
| S2(X40) | 0.41 | 0.36 | −0.24 | 0.79 | 0.13 |
| S3(X41) | −0.19 | −0.38 | −0.07 | 0.50 | −0.27 |
| S4(X42) | 0.37 | 0.97 | −0.09 | 0.09 | −0.05 |
| S5(X43) | 0.35 | 0.94 | −0.10 | 0.02 | −0.05 |
| S6(X44) | −0.02 | 0.97 | 0.03 | −0.13 | 0.07 |
| S7(X45) | 0.15 | 0.51 | −0.02 | −0.01 | 0.28 |
| S8(X46) | 0.47 | 0.78 | −0.06 | 0.08 | 0.25 |
| S9(X47) | 0.30 | 0.74 | −0.02 | 0.45 | 0.02 |
| S10(X48) | 0.17 | 0.77 | 0.59 | −0.15 | 0.21 |
| S11(X49) | 0.50 | 0.75 | −0.10 | 0.09 | 0.01 |
| S12(X50) | 0.24 | 0.79 | −0.02 | −0.06 | 0.10 |
| S13(X51) | 0.12 | 0.74 | 0.04 | −0.20 | 0.01 |
| S14(X52) | −0.32 | 0.97 | 0.10 | −0.49 | −0.03 |
| S15(X53) | 0.32 | 0.91 | −0.18 | 0.25 | 0.36 |
| S16(X54) | 0.34 | 0.94 | −0.01 | 0.02 | 0.05 |
| S17(X55) | −0.22 | 0.93 | −0.20 | 0.17 | 0.12 |
| S18(X56) | −0.27 | 0.77 | 0.03 | −0.33 | −0.22 |
| 感官评分(X57) | 0.41 | 0.38 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.93 |
| 初始核心值 | 17.76 | 14.70 | 11.39 | 8.49 | 2.74 |
| 方差贡献率(%) | 31.16 | 25.79 | 19.98 | 14.89 | 4.80 |
| 累积方差贡献率(%) | 31.16 | 56.95 | 76.93 | 91.81 | 96.61 |
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