Article(id=1320880611527610860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080172, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1755187200000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852078562, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1789401600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852078562, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852078562, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852078562, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320880262012056083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='18', pageStart='1', pageEnd='613', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1789401600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792851995232, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921655980, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=253, endPage=262, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320880611775074798, articleId=1320880611527610860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Properties of High-barrier Poly (L-Lactic Acid)/Graphene Composite Film and Their Application in Chilled Mutton Preservation, columnId=1320880611699577325, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Intelligent Equipment and Sustainable Packaging, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Chilled mutton was highly nutritious but prone to spoilage during storage due to microbial contamination and lipid oxidation. A high-barrier packaging film for chilled mutton was developed in this study. A flexible graphene oxide (GO)-grafted poly (L-lactic-co-butanediol itaconate) (GO-g-PLBI) was synthesized by melt polycondensation. GO-g-PLBI was blended with PLLA pellets to form PGLBI film. A high-barrier PGLBI/GO-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite film was subsequently fabricated by depositing a GO-CMC layer onto the PGLBI surface via vacuum filtration. The packaging properties of the composite film, such as gas barrier performance and its application potential in non-contact packaging of chilled mutton were investigated. Results demonstrated that incorporation of GO effectively improved the hydrophilicity of PGLBI, facilitating its composite with the GO-CMC component. Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed that a dense "brick-and-mortar" structure was formed inside the PGLBI/GO-CMC film, which reduced its oxygen permeability from 41.9 cm3/m2·d of the PGLBI film to 0.5 cm3/m2·d. Additionally, the composite film exhibited excellent ultraviolet shielding performance, with transmittances of 7.03% for long-wave UV and 1.45% for medium-wave UV. When applied to chilled mutton packaging, the composite film could inhibit microbial proliferation, protein degradation, and lipid oxidation during storage. Compared with the commercial high-barrier polyamide/polyethylene film, the PGLBI/GO-CMC film extended the shelf life of chilled mutton by 5 days.

, authors=Yulu LI1, Yuan ZHANG1, Jia GUO1, Yifeng WU1, Jiatao ZHANG1, Xiaojing WANG3, Yu QUAN3, Yang WANG3, Tungalag DONG1, 2, Xueyan YUN1, 2, *, authorsList=Yulu LI, Yuan ZHANG, Jia GUO, Yifeng WU, Jiatao ZHANG, Xiaojing WANG, Yu QUAN, Yang WANG, Tungalag DONG, Xueyan YUN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xueyan YUN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320880615575114244, articleId=1320880611527610860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=聚乳酸基石墨烯复合高阻隔膜的性能及在冷鲜羊肉保鲜中的应用, columnId=1320880611854766575, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=智能装备与可持续包装, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

冷鲜羊肉营养丰富,但在贮藏过程中易受微生物污染和脂质氧化影响,导致其感官品质劣变,货架期缩短。本研究开发了一种高阻隔性包装材料,以保障冷鲜羊肉贮藏过程中的品质。首先,采用熔融缩聚法制备氧化石墨烯(Graphene Oxide,GO)接枝的聚(L-乳酸-co-衣康酸丁二醇酯)(GO-grafted-Poly (L-lactic-co-Butanediol Itaconate),GO-g-PLBI)柔性材料。以GO-g-PLBI与PLLA母粒共混制备的PGLBI薄膜为基材,通过真空抽滤法在薄膜表面复合GO-羧甲基纤维素(Carboxymethyl Cellulose,CMC)层,制备PGLBI/GO-CMC复合薄膜。探究了复合薄膜气体阻隔性能等包装特性及其在冷鲜羊肉非接触式包装中的应用潜能。结果表明,GO的引入有效提高了PGLBI的亲水性,有利于与GO-CMC组分的复合。扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射表征结果表明,PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜内部形成了致密的“砖-泥”结构,使其氧气透过率由PGLBI薄膜的41.9 cm3/m2·d下降至0.5 cm3/m2·d。此外,复合薄膜对长波紫外线和中波紫外线透过率为7.03%和1.45%,展现出良好的紫外线屏蔽性能。应用于冷鲜羊肉包装时,复合薄膜可抑制贮藏期间微生物的增殖、蛋白质及脂质氧化。与商用高阻隔聚酰胺/聚乙烯膜相比,该复合薄膜使冷鲜羊肉货架期延长了5 d。

, authors=李雨璐1, 张元1, 郭佳1, 吴怡锋1, 张家涛1, 王晓晶3, 全宇3, 王洋3, 董同力嘎1, 2, 云雪艳1, 2, *, authorsList=李雨璐, 张元, 郭佳, 吴怡锋, 张家涛, 王晓晶, 全宇, 王洋, 董同力嘎, 云雪艳, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=云雪艳, authorNote=

李雨璐(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:功能性食品包装材料,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
云雪艳(1990−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:农畜产品及副产物加工贮藏,E-mail:。
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李雨璐(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:功能性食品包装材料,E-mail:

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Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2022, 46(1): e16080., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320880632536879774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=42, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PATSIAS A, BADEKA A V, SAVVAIDIS I N, et al. Combined effect of freeze chilling and MAP on quality parameters of raw chicken fillets[J]. Food Microbiology, 2008, 25(4): 575−581., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320880632650125983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=43, rfOrder=50, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG C Z, WU L L, ZHANG Y, et al. A water-absorbent mat incorporating β-cyclodextrin/eugenol inclusion complex for preservation of cold fresh mutton[J]. Food Biophysics, 2022, 17(3): 437−447., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320880632713040544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=44, rfOrder=51, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN L, ZHOU G H, ZHANG W G. Effects of high oxygen packaging on tenderness and water holding capacity of pork through protein oxidation[J]. 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注:不同小写字母表示具有显著性差异,P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=ul4qmusZtLDsBu9enIMugw==, figureFileBig=R8XV9wI7yGeOWlWy868JYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880623590429267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Water contact angle of PLLA and PGLBI, figureFileSmall=tsXaJ07bT/3n+ZTl81NTag==, figureFileBig=Dnzm59JSgiXVesRmLiKkmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880623691092564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=图2, caption=PLLA和PGLBI的水接触角, figureFileSmall=tsXaJ07bT/3n+ZTl81NTag==, figureFileBig=Dnzm59JSgiXVesRmLiKkmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880623766590037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=FTIR spectra of PGLBI, PGLBI/GO, PGLBI/GO-CMC films, figureFileSmall=WmbYf4h14v+EmJMnduGIGA==, figureFileBig=Paae2ZD6NgNar8lYycEJ+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880623850476118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=图3, caption=PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的FTIR光谱, figureFileSmall=WmbYf4h14v+EmJMnduGIGA==, figureFileBig=Paae2ZD6NgNar8lYycEJ+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880623951139415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=UV-visible spectra (a) and optical photos (b~d) of PGLBI, PGLBI/GO, PGLBI/GO-CMC films, figureFileSmall=zn6aDcDBCTRtTlL8XhX9LQ==, figureFileBig=86NkuoEBSsE9y3BWu+VDiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624060191320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=图4, caption=PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的紫外可见光谱图(a)和光学照片(b~d), figureFileSmall=zn6aDcDBCTRtTlL8XhX9LQ==, figureFileBig=86NkuoEBSsE9y3BWu+VDiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624131494489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Tensile stress-strain curves of PGLBI, PGLBI/GO, PGLBI/GO-CMC films, figureFileSmall=q7ao6TOWuoT6Ja80WLVVmA==, figureFileBig=8cHc4g5aP6RY1c7i5QlsdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624206991962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=图5, caption=PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的拉伸应力-应变曲线, figureFileSmall=q7ao6TOWuoT6Ja80WLVVmA==, figureFileBig=8cHc4g5aP6RY1c7i5QlsdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624311849563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Cross-sectional and surface morphology images of PGLBI/GO and PGLBI/GO-CMC films, figureFileSmall=HkgJ5xBmp0iIQ9cN1ds2cQ==, figureFileBig=NAYhMOPUB+jjUo3gaB//8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624387347036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=图6, caption=PGLBI/GO和PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的截面、表面形貌图

注:(a)PGLBI/GO薄膜的截面图;(b)PGLBI/GO薄膜的表面形貌图;(c)PGLBI/GO薄膜的表面形貌局部放大图;(d)PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的截面图;(e)PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的表面形貌图;(f)PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的表面形貌局部放大图。

, figureFileSmall=HkgJ5xBmp0iIQ9cN1ds2cQ==, figureFileBig=NAYhMOPUB+jjUo3gaB//8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624458650205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=DSC ramp-up curves (a) and XRD (b) patterns of PGLBI, PGLBI/GO, PGLBI/GO-CMC films, figureFileSmall=nRrwEGcXCvd61BQuXhUZ9A==, figureFileBig=kjPL3X21Bjw1mYorBf1aUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624546730590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=图7, caption=PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的DSC升温曲线(a)、XRD图谱(b), figureFileSmall=nRrwEGcXCvd61BQuXhUZ9A==, figureFileBig=kjPL3X21Bjw1mYorBf1aUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624622228063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Variations in L*、a* and b* values of mutton during storage, figureFileSmall=v/IpMSE9qH1FY5WDpNChmw==, figureFileBig=4AUrRKDgmAYy6EVsxDQmIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624697725536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=图8, caption=贮藏期间羊肉的L*、a*和b*值变化

注:不同大写字母表示同一贮藏时间下不同处理组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05);不同小写字母表示同一处理组内不同贮藏时间之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05);图9、图10同。

, figureFileSmall=v/IpMSE9qH1FY5WDpNChmw==, figureFileBig=4AUrRKDgmAYy6EVsxDQmIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624781611617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Variations in TVC (a), TVB-N (b), TBA (c), pH (d) of mutton during storage, figureFileSmall=vUk2gio/LI5v0StURWXcag==, figureFileBig=Hvb+o8aVoUVSY1WWmOfgGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624873886306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=图9, caption=贮藏期间羊肉的菌落总数(a)、挥发性盐基氮含量(b)、硫代巴比妥酸值(c)、pH(d)变化, figureFileSmall=vUk2gio/LI5v0StURWXcag==, figureFileBig=Hvb+o8aVoUVSY1WWmOfgGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880624945189475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Variations in DL of mutton during storage, figureFileSmall=VKvBZ2IUw0NzvJi24XWJEA==, figureFileBig=5SigCGrCw42Lv7QOA5R63w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880625016492644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=图10, caption=贮藏期间羊肉的汁液流失率变化, figureFileSmall=VKvBZ2IUw0NzvJi24XWJEA==, figureFileBig=5SigCGrCw42Lv7QOA5R63w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880625100378725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Quantitative analysis of UV-visible spectral transmittance of PGLBI, PGLBI/GO, PGLBI/GO-CMC films (%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品UVB(280~320 nm)UVA(320~400 nm)600 nm
PGLBI48.856.264.7
PGLBI/GO1.396.9836.1
PGLBI/GO-CMC1.457.0334.5
), ArticleFig(id=1320880625175876198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜紫外可见光谱透过率的定量分析(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品UVB(280~320 nm)UVA(320~400 nm)600 nm
PGLBI48.856.264.7
PGLBI/GO1.396.9836.1
PGLBI/GO-CMC1.457.0334.5
), ArticleFig(id=1320880625381397095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Mechanical parameters of PGLBI, PGLBI/GO, PGLBI/GO-CMC films

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品断裂伸长率(%)拉伸强度(MPa)
PGLBI472.4±9.4a40.08±2.87b
PGLBI/GO484.2±10.2a48.19±3.50ab
PGLBI/GO-CMC465.1±7.3a53.60±5.52a
), ArticleFig(id=1320880627033952872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品断裂伸长率(%)拉伸强度(MPa)
PGLBI472.4±9.4a40.08±2.87b
PGLBI/GO484.2±10.2a48.19±3.50ab
PGLBI/GO-CMC465.1±7.3a53.60±5.52a
), ArticleFig(id=1320880627122033257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Thermal parameters of PGLBI, PGLBI/GO, PGLBI/GO-CMC films

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品Tg(℃)Tc(℃)Tm(℃)ΔH(J/g)Xc(%)
PGLBI49.2791.50159.189.6210.3
PGLBI/GO53.6490.32158.579.7310.5
PGLBI/GO-CMC54.3586.56159.488.228.8
), ArticleFig(id=1320880627201725034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的热学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品Tg(℃)Tc(℃)Tm(℃)ΔH(J/g)Xc(%)
PGLBI49.2791.50159.189.6210.3
PGLBI/GO53.6490.32158.579.7310.5
PGLBI/GO-CMC54.3586.56159.488.228.8
), ArticleFig(id=1320880627273028203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

O2 and water vapor barrier properties of PGLBI, PGLBI/GO, PGLBI/GO-CMC films

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品厚度
(µm)
OTR
(cm3/m2·d)
OP
(×10−8 cm3·m/m2·h·Pa)
WVTR
(g/m2·d)
WVP
(×10−7 g·m/m2·h·Pa)
PGLBI67.0±1.8b41.9±0.3a11.65±0.05a358.2±11.0a3.82±0.57a
PGLBI/GO70.1±1.2ab2.7±0.07c0.75±0.04c51.3±8.3b0.55±0.08b
PGLBI/GO-CMC70.5±3.4ab0.5±0.02c0.14±0.01c46.2±7.9b0.49±0.05b
PA/PE75.0±0.5a8.70±0.2b2.69±0.03b3.42±0.4c0.036±0.02c
), ArticleFig(id=1320880627361108588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880611527610860, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的O2和水蒸气阻隔性能

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品厚度
(µm)
OTR
(cm3/m2·d)
OP
(×10−8 cm3·m/m2·h·Pa)
WVTR
(g/m2·d)
WVP
(×10−7 g·m/m2·h·Pa)
PGLBI67.0±1.8b41.9±0.3a11.65±0.05a358.2±11.0a3.82±0.57a
PGLBI/GO70.1±1.2ab2.7±0.07c0.75±0.04c51.3±8.3b0.55±0.08b
PGLBI/GO-CMC70.5±3.4ab0.5±0.02c0.14±0.01c46.2±7.9b0.49±0.05b
PA/PE75.0±0.5a8.70±0.2b2.69±0.03b3.42±0.4c0.036±0.02c
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聚乳酸基石墨烯复合高阻隔膜的性能及在冷鲜羊肉保鲜中的应用
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李雨璐 1 , 张元 1 , 郭佳 1 , 吴怡锋 1 , 张家涛 1 , 王晓晶 3 , 全宇 3 , 王洋 3 , 董同力嘎 1, 2 , 云雪艳 1, 2, *
食品工业科技 | 智能装备与可持续包装 2026,47(18): 253-262
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食品工业科技 |智能装备与可持续包装 2026 , 47 (18) : 253 -262
聚乳酸基石墨烯复合高阻隔膜的性能及在冷鲜羊肉保鲜中的应用
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李雨璐1 , 张元1, 郭佳1, 吴怡锋1, 张家涛1, 王晓晶3, 全宇3, 王洋3, 董同力嘎1, 2, 云雪艳1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
  • 2中国-内蒙古生物高分子应用“一带一路”联合实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
  • 3兴安盟农牧科学院,内蒙古乌兰浩特 137400
通讯作者:
云雪艳(1990−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:农畜产品及副产物加工贮藏,E-mail:。
作者简介:

李雨璐(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:功能性食品包装材料,E-mail:

Properties of High-barrier Poly (L-Lactic Acid)/Graphene Composite Film and Their Application in Chilled Mutton Preservation
Yulu LI1 , Yuan ZHANG1, Jia GUO1, Yifeng WU1, Jiatao ZHANG1, Xiaojing WANG3, Yu QUAN3, Yang WANG3, Tungalag DONG1, 2, Xueyan YUN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
  • 2China-Mongolia Biomacromolecule Application "Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory, Hohhot 010018, China
  • 3Xing'an League Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ulanhot 137400, China
出版时间: 2026-09-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080172
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冷鲜羊肉营养丰富,但在贮藏过程中易受微生物污染和脂质氧化影响,导致其感官品质劣变,货架期缩短。本研究开发了一种高阻隔性包装材料,以保障冷鲜羊肉贮藏过程中的品质。首先,采用熔融缩聚法制备氧化石墨烯(Graphene Oxide,GO)接枝的聚(L-乳酸-co-衣康酸丁二醇酯)(GO-grafted-Poly (L-lactic-co-Butanediol Itaconate),GO-g-PLBI)柔性材料。以GO-g-PLBI与PLLA母粒共混制备的PGLBI薄膜为基材,通过真空抽滤法在薄膜表面复合GO-羧甲基纤维素(Carboxymethyl Cellulose,CMC)层,制备PGLBI/GO-CMC复合薄膜。探究了复合薄膜气体阻隔性能等包装特性及其在冷鲜羊肉非接触式包装中的应用潜能。结果表明,GO的引入有效提高了PGLBI的亲水性,有利于与GO-CMC组分的复合。扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射表征结果表明,PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜内部形成了致密的“砖-泥”结构,使其氧气透过率由PGLBI薄膜的41.9 cm3/m2·d下降至0.5 cm3/m2·d。此外,复合薄膜对长波紫外线和中波紫外线透过率为7.03%和1.45%,展现出良好的紫外线屏蔽性能。应用于冷鲜羊肉包装时,复合薄膜可抑制贮藏期间微生物的增殖、蛋白质及脂质氧化。与商用高阻隔聚酰胺/聚乙烯膜相比,该复合薄膜使冷鲜羊肉货架期延长了5 d。

聚(L-乳酸)  /  氧化石墨烯  /  层合  /  阻隔性  /  复合薄膜  /  冷鲜羊肉  /  贮藏品质

Chilled mutton was highly nutritious but prone to spoilage during storage due to microbial contamination and lipid oxidation. A high-barrier packaging film for chilled mutton was developed in this study. A flexible graphene oxide (GO)-grafted poly (L-lactic-co-butanediol itaconate) (GO-g-PLBI) was synthesized by melt polycondensation. GO-g-PLBI was blended with PLLA pellets to form PGLBI film. A high-barrier PGLBI/GO-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite film was subsequently fabricated by depositing a GO-CMC layer onto the PGLBI surface via vacuum filtration. The packaging properties of the composite film, such as gas barrier performance and its application potential in non-contact packaging of chilled mutton were investigated. Results demonstrated that incorporation of GO effectively improved the hydrophilicity of PGLBI, facilitating its composite with the GO-CMC component. Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed that a dense "brick-and-mortar" structure was formed inside the PGLBI/GO-CMC film, which reduced its oxygen permeability from 41.9 cm3/m2·d of the PGLBI film to 0.5 cm3/m2·d. Additionally, the composite film exhibited excellent ultraviolet shielding performance, with transmittances of 7.03% for long-wave UV and 1.45% for medium-wave UV. When applied to chilled mutton packaging, the composite film could inhibit microbial proliferation, protein degradation, and lipid oxidation during storage. Compared with the commercial high-barrier polyamide/polyethylene film, the PGLBI/GO-CMC film extended the shelf life of chilled mutton by 5 days.

poly (L-lactic acid)  /  graphene oxide  /  lamination  /  barrier properties  /  composite film  /  chilled mutton  /  storage quality
李雨璐, 张元, 郭佳, 吴怡锋, 张家涛, 王晓晶, 全宇, 王洋, 董同力嘎, 云雪艳. 聚乳酸基石墨烯复合高阻隔膜的性能及在冷鲜羊肉保鲜中的应用. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (18) : 253 -262 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080172
Yulu LI, Yuan ZHANG, Jia GUO, Yifeng WU, Jiatao ZHANG, Xiaojing WANG, Yu QUAN, Yang WANG, Tungalag DONG, Xueyan YUN. Properties of High-barrier Poly (L-Lactic Acid)/Graphene Composite Film and Their Application in Chilled Mutton Preservation[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (18) : 253 -262 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080172
羊肉富含维生素、优质蛋白质和不饱和脂肪酸等多种营养素,具有显著的食用价值[1]。冷鲜羊肉腐败的原因主要包括微生物增殖、脂肪与蛋白质氧化以及酶促反应引起的品质劣变[2],这三类诱因均与包装内气体组成密切相关。因此,优化包装技术与材料可有效控制包装内气调环境,延缓冷鲜羊肉腐败进程,保障冷鲜羊肉品质与安全,是延长冷鲜羊肉货架期的关键。
高阻隔性包装材料因其能够长期维持包装内的低氧环境,破坏微生物生长繁殖条件,从而有效延缓肉类腐败变质进程[3],在冷鲜肉包装领域得到广泛关注和应用。Rodrigues等[4]将羊肉放置于托盘中,使用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚偏二氯乙烯和乙烯-乙烯醇共聚多层复合高阻隔塑料膜进行包装,将羊肉贮藏期延长到14 d。
当前食品包装材料仍主要依赖石油基聚合物,如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene terephthalate,PET)、聚乙烯等,这类材料不可再生且难降解,对环境造成了严重污染和负担[5]。聚(L-乳酸)(Poly (L-lactic acid),PLLA)是一种生物可降解材料,因其优异的加工性能[6],成为食品包装领域的研究热点。然而,PLLA气体阻隔性较差[7],限制了其在高阻隔食品包装中的应用。氧化石墨烯(Graphene oxide,GO)是一种新型二维纳米材料,有卓越的物理特性,如低透气性和高紫外线阻隔性。此外,GO与生物聚合物一样具有降解性,可被某些微生物和酶降解[8]。将GO与PLLA复合,不仅可以提升复合材料的阻隔性能,还能赋予其更好的机械强度,为食品包装材料开发提供了新的可能性。Dong等[9]采用超声波辅助静电纺丝技术制备了PLLA/纳米TiO2 (TiO2NPs)/GO纳米纤维薄膜,TiO2NPs和GO的添加显著提高了PLLA纳米纤维膜的阻水性能,水蒸气渗透率(Water Vapor Permeability,WVP)为4.47×10−8 g·cm·s−1·Pa−1。Zhan等[10]在聚(L-乳酸-co-衣康酸丁二醇酯)(Poly (L-lactic-co-Butanediol Itaconate),PLBI)上逐层沉积GO层,并以壳聚糖(Chitosan,CS)作为粘合层,制备了高阻隔PLBI/CS/(GO-CS)10薄膜,其氧气透过率(Oxygen Transmission Rate,OTR)为1.6 cm3/m2·d,应用于冷鲜肉包装时,将货架期延长至16 d。然而,GO纳米片之间的强π-π相互作用OTR会引发自聚集,阻碍GO在PLLA表面形成连续网络的能力,妨碍了GO本身高气体阻隔潜力的充分发挥,并限制了薄膜整体气体阻隔性能的进一步提升。
基于以上现状,本研究从薄膜的阻隔性出发,先通过熔融缩聚和共混挤出的方式制备PGLBI薄膜,而后真空抽滤制备GO-羧甲基纤维素(Carboxymethyl Cellulose,CMC)薄膜,将其覆于PGLBI薄膜上制备PGLBI/GO-CMC复合薄膜,应用于冷鲜羊肉的保鲜包装。依靠薄膜的低透气性维持包装内的低氧气(Oxygen,O2)浓度,从而抑制微生物生长繁殖,维持肉品色泽和品质,提高货架期。通过对羊肉贮藏期间的色泽、pH、菌落总数(Total viable counts,TVC)、挥发性盐基氮(Total volatile salt base nitrogen,TVB-N)等进行检测,考察其对冷鲜羊肉保鲜的效果。
GO 片径范围为5~10 μm,深圳市穗恒科技有限公司;L-乳酸(L-Lactic acid,LA)和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(Hexamethylene Diisocyanate,HDI) 购于上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司;1,4-丁二醇和衣康酸 购于美国西格玛-奥德里奇公司;REVODE161 PLLA颗粒 购于海正生物材料股份有限公司;CMC(取代度0.65~1.2,粘度(2%)80~140 mPa·s) 购自上海易恩化学技术有限公司;冷鲜羊里脊肉 购自呼和浩特市西苑肉联有限责任公司;所有其他使用的化学试剂均为分析纯。
HARKE-SPCA型水接触角分析仪 北京哈克测试仪器厂;IRAffinity-1型傅里叶红外光谱 日本岛津公司;Cary 5000型紫外可见分光光度计 美国安捷伦公司;Xn-8750型电子拉伸试验机 济南兰光机电技术有限公司;Regulus 8100型扫描电子显微镜 日本日立公司;DSC-Q20型差示扫描量热仪 美国TA仪器公司;Miniflex 600型X射线衍射仪 日本理学公司;8001型透氧仪 上海澳信检测技术有限公司;Permatran-w3/61型透湿仪 美国MOCON公司;CR-410型色差计 日本柯尼卡美能达控股公司;NanoBrook 90plus PALS Zeta电位及粒度分析仪 美国布鲁克海文仪器公司。
在张元等[11]方法基础上,调整GO添加量至LA的0.5%(质量分数),合成GO-g-PLBI,将该产物与PLLA母粒按1:9质量比混合,添加原料3%(质量分数)的HDI作为加工助剂,通过双螺杆造粒线熔融共混造粒,分别设置料筒1区、料筒2区、料筒3~8区、模头1区的温度为155、165、175、175 ℃,挤出机速度为100 r/min,喂料机速度为1 r/min,切粒频率为5.0 Hz。将制备的PGLBI母粒于50 ℃下烘干6 h后真空封存备用。
将PGLBI母粒加入双螺杆挤出流延机中,分别设置料筒1区、料筒2区、料筒3区、料筒4~9区、快换区、熔体泵区、过渡区、模头1~3区温度为140、160、180、190、210、200、200、210 ℃,挤出机速度为95 r/min,流延辊1.8 m/min、牵引辊的速度为1.8 m/min,收卷辊速度为35 m/min制作PGLBI薄膜。
配制0.1 g/L的GO悬浮液,加入相对于GO 10%(质量分数)的CMC,搅拌1 h,超声1 h,得到GO-CMC悬浮液,取120 mL该悬浮液,使用纤维素基滤膜(直径11 cm,孔径0.45 µm)真空抽滤,制得GO-CMC膜,将其置于盛有100 mL无水乙醇的玻璃结晶皿中浸泡,以实现滤膜与GO-CMC膜的分离,后将完整的GO-CMC膜转移至PGLBI薄膜表面,经真空干燥后得到PGLBI/GO-CMC复合薄膜[12]。在GO悬浮液中加入相对于GO质量5%、10%、15%、20%的CMC,配制不同比例的GO-CMC悬浮液。同时制备真空抽滤同体积GO悬浮液的PGLBI/GO薄膜作为对照。
使用Zeta电位及粒度分析仪测定Zeta电位,量取1.5 mL GO-CMC悬浮液样品于比色皿中进行分析测定[13]。
水接触角分析仪在静态滴形模式下测量,将PLLA、PGLBI薄膜样品置于载玻片上,滴5 μL蒸馏水于样品表面,记录的数据在25 ℃下通过视频捕获[12]。
FTIR分析PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的化学成分。样品规格为3 cm×3 cm,光谱分辨率为4 cm−1,扫描频率为64,扫描范围为4000~400 cm−1[14]。
采用紫外可见分光光度计对PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜进行紫外可见光谱测试。测试波长范围为200~800 nm,将规格为3 cm×1 cm的样品置于石英比色皿中进行测定。此外,在自然光条件下,采集薄膜的光学图片以评估薄膜的透光率[15]。
电子拉伸试验机测量PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的拉伸性能。薄膜样品规格为7 cm×0.5 cm,测试面积为5 mm×28 mm、拉伸速度为10 mm/min[14]。
SEM用于观察PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的表面形貌与断裂形态。将样品裁剪为1 cm×1 cm的方片,在表面均匀溅射一层薄金作为导电层,溅射时间为1 min,采用BSE模式在5 kV的加速电压下测量[16]。
称取8 mg PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜于铝盘中密封,氮气(N2)作为保护气,以10 ℃/min的加热速率从−50 ℃加热到200 ℃进行加热扫描。在DSC曲线中观察玻璃化转变温度(Tg)、结晶温度(Tc)、熔融温度(Tm)、焓值(ΔH)等热学参数[17]。
PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜样品XRD图谱由X射线衍射仪用Cu-Kα辐射(λ=1.5418 Å)记录。样品规格为1 cm×1 cm,扫描范围为5°~60°,扫描速度为2°/min[15]。
PGLBI、PGLBI/GO、PGLBI/GO-CMC、聚酰胺/聚乙烯(Polyamide/Polyethylene,PA/PE)薄膜的透氧性由透氧仪测定,测试样品为直径10 cm 的圆形薄膜,试验在23 ℃下进行,O2和N2的输出压力为0.3 MPa。透湿仪测定水蒸气透过率(Water Vapor Transmission Rate,WVTR),测试样品为直径5 cm的圆形薄膜,试验在90%相对湿度(Relative Humidity,RH)下进行[18]。氧气渗透系数(Oxygen Permeability coefficient,OP)和水蒸气渗透率(Water Vapor Permeability,WVP)采用Bu等[19]的方法进行计算。
将新鲜羊里脊肉切割成重约50±1 g的肉样,后将其放入规格为78 mm×50 mm×55 mm的PET盒中,使用PGLBI、PGLBI/GO-CMC和PA/PE薄膜密封PET盒,其中PA/PE组为对照组,在4 ℃、85% RH条件下贮藏,隔5 d取样测试,以肉样完全腐败(TVC>6 lg CFU/g、TVB-N≥20 mg/100 g、pH≥6.7)作为贮藏终点。每次测试每组设置三个平行,结果取平均值。
使用CR-410型色差计测定冷鲜肉的亮度值(L*)、红度值(a*)及黄度值(b*)。
依据GB 4789.2-2022《食品微生物学检验菌落总数测定》标准测定羊肉贮藏期间TVC变化。TVC评估标准:一级鲜度≤4 lg CFU/g,4 lg CFU/g<二级鲜度≤6 lg CFU/g,腐败肉>6 lg CFU/g。
依据GB 5009.228-2016《食品中挥发性盐基氮的测定》中半微量定氮法测定羊肉的新鲜度,以总TVB-N水平表示。TVB-N评定标准:一级鲜度≤15 mg/100 g,15 mg/100 g<二级鲜度<20 mg/100 g,腐败肉≥20 mg/100 g。
依据GB 5009.181-2016《食品中丙二醛的测定》中的分光光度法评估羊肉贮藏期间脂肪氧化程度,以TBARS值表示。
参照GB 5009.237-2016标准,将pH计测量探头插入均质后的肉样中,记录pH。pH判断标准:5.6≤一级鲜度<6.3,6.3<二级鲜度<6.7,腐败肉≥6.7。
通过称重法测试贮藏期间羊肉的DL。肉样第0 d重量记为W1,每次测试称取的肉样重量记为W2。DL以百分比的形式表示,计算公式如下:
$\rm \text{DL}(\text{%})=\frac{{\mathrm{W}}_{1}-{\mathrm{W}}_{2}}{{\mathrm{W}}_{1}}\times 100 $
每组试验均测试3次,结果使用平均值±标准差表示。使用IBM SPSS Statistics26进行数据统计分析,采用最小显著性差异法和邓肯法进行显著性分析,P<0.05表示差异显著,使用Origin 2024作图。
ZP的绝对值大小直接对应溶液分散能力。从图1中可以看出在GO-5% CMC组ZP值为−37.24 mV,当CMC添加量增至GO质量的10%时,ZP值为−42.76 mV,复合体系的稳定性得到显著提升(P<0.05),但进一步增加CMC用量对稳定性改善不再显著。这表明体系始终保持较高电负性,GO与CMC间较强的静电排斥力,有效减小团聚可能性,实现均匀分散[13]。故从经济角度出发,选择GO-10% CMC组用于后续试验。
图2为PLLA和PGLBI的水接触角,从图2中可以观察到PLLA的水接触角为77.2°,而PGLBI的水接触角下降到59.5°,这可能归因于GO表面亲水官能团的引入赋予复合薄膜更高的亲水性。相关研究表明,通过提升PLLA的表面亲水性,可增强其与壳聚糖的层合性能[20]。
通过FTIR分析共聚物的化学结构。如图3所示,所有聚合物中都可以观察到PLLA的典型伸缩振动模式,包括2995~2850 cm−1的-CH伸缩振动、1748 cm−1的羰基(C=O)伸缩振动、1180 cm−1的C-O-C对称伸缩振动[21]。PGLBI/GO和PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜均在3044~3625和1616 cm−1处出现明显吸收峰,分别与GO的-OH和C=C基团的伸缩振动有关[22]。PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜在3044~3625 cm−1处的宽峰强度更高,CMC引入了更多的羟基,1042 cm−1处-C-O的吸收峰强度提高,存在CMC的多糖结构,表明GO-CMC组分已存在于复合薄膜中,实现了在PGLBI基底上的复合[23]。PGLBI/GO-CMC与PGLBI相比,1748 cm−1处的吸收峰红移至1742 cm−1,表明和GO和CMC之间产生了氢键[24]。
图4和表1评估了共聚物薄膜的透明度和紫外屏蔽性能。图4b~图4d为薄膜的光学照片。如表1,PGLBI薄膜具有64.7%透明度,而PGLBI/GO和PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的透明度降低至36.1%和34.5%,这可能是由于抽滤制得的GO和GO-CMC薄膜均是棕色,转移至PGLBI薄膜上导致复合薄膜透光率降低。与PGLBI相比,PGLBI/GO薄膜的紫外线阻隔性能显著提升,长波紫外线(UVA)和中波紫外线(UVB)分别由56.2%和48.8%降至6.98%和1.39%(表1),这是因为GO纳米片的π共轭结构,使薄膜展示出优异的紫外线吸收能力[25]。
图5为复合薄膜的应力-应变曲线,其拉伸强度和断裂伸长率汇总至表2中。由表2可知,三种薄膜的断裂伸长率保持在465.1%~484.2%之间,表明GO和GO-CMC薄膜与PGLBI复合后并没有影响其原有的柔韧性,但与PLLA(断裂伸长率为5.6%)相比有大幅提升[6]。此外,PGLBI/GO和PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的拉伸强度分别达到48.19和53.60 MPa,这种现象的发生是因为GO薄膜本身就具有高的拉伸强度[10],而PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜表现出更高的拉伸强度的原因可能是因为GO-CMC薄膜中GO与CMC之间形成的氢键网络结构,有效地传递和分担载荷[26]。
SEM图用于观察复合薄膜的截面和表面微观形貌。图6(a)、图6(d)分别为PGLBI/GO和PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的截面形态,均可观察到薄膜表面层合的抽滤薄膜,且该层与PGLBI基材间无明显孔隙,这可能是因为抽滤薄膜与基材中的GO发生“π-π堆积”作用,从而形成了良好的界面结合[27]。图6(b)~图6(c)和图6(e)~图6(f)为PGLBI/GO薄膜和PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的表面形貌,可以观察到PGLBI/GO薄膜存在褶皱和缺陷,但是PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜表面这些缺陷消失并出现了有序排列的“砖-泥”结构,这可能是因为CMC的引入产生的插层效应,使得复合薄膜的力学性能和阻隔性能得以改善[28]。
图7(a)为复合薄膜的DSC升温曲线,并将其热学参数汇总至表3中。由表3可知,PGLBI复合GO和GO-CMC薄膜之后Tg分别升高至53.64 ℃和54.35 ℃,这表明其耐热性提高,而Tc出现了不同程度的下降,表明复合薄膜更易结晶。图7(b)为复合薄膜的XRD图谱,可以看出PGLBI薄膜未出现衍射峰,表明PGLBI薄膜几乎没有结晶。PGLBI/GO薄膜在2θ=11.61°处存在的强衍射峰,表明GO保持了其独有的层状结构[29]。而对于PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜,宽峰向高角度偏移,这是属于CMC的典型衍射峰[30],其在2θ=11.61°处的峰向低角度偏移(2θ=11.05°)且峰强度降低,这是因为GO片层的有序结构被破坏,CMC分子链通过氢键插入层间,增大了GO的层间距,产生了“砖-泥”结构[31],形成多级阻隔路径,对O2及水分渗透阻力增加,从而提升薄膜的阻隔效果。
高阻隔性的材料能够有效抑制冷鲜肉中微生物的生长繁殖和脂肪氧化,从而更好地保持冷鲜肉的品质[32]。表4中汇总了复合薄膜的O2和水蒸气阻隔性能。结果显示,与PGLBI薄膜相比,PGLBI/GO和PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的OTR值大幅下降。其中,PGLBI/GO薄膜OTR值降至2.7 cm3/m2·d,这是因为真空抽滤法制备的GO薄膜保留了其致密的片层结构。而PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的OTR值进一步降低至0.5 cm3/m2·d,可能是由于CMC的引入形成了致密的“砖-泥”结构,阻碍了O2渗透。同时PGLBI/GO和PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜的WVP值也有大幅降低,分别由PGLBI的3.82×10−7 g·m/m2·h·Pa降低至0.55×10−7和0.49×10−7 g·m/m2·h·Pa,这主要是因为GO和GO-CMC薄膜的不渗透性。
色泽是羊肉最直观的感官属性,通常用L*、a*和b*值表示。图8为贮藏期间不同组羊肉的L*、a*和b*值变化情况。贮藏期间,所有组羊肉的L*和a*值都迅速上升,随后逐渐下降。初期L*值的上升与pH的降低有关,pH的下降改变了部分肌红蛋白的空间结构,使得肉品表面对光的反射能力增强[33]。随贮藏时间增加,L*值呈降低趋势,这可能是羊肉中微生物和酶作用使得少量被氧化的高铁肌红蛋白还原成氧合肌红蛋白,从而使得L*值下降[34]。贮藏初期a*值上升的原因是包装内含有一定浓度的O2,羊肉中的肌红蛋白与O2接触形成氧合肌红蛋白,使得a*值上升。随贮藏时间的延长,氧合肌红蛋白被氧化成高铁肌红蛋白[35],a*值逐渐降低,在贮藏第25 d,PGLBI/GO-CMC的a*值为11.06。所有处理组中羊肉的b*值随贮藏时间的增加呈上升趋势。一方面,微生物和内源酶在分解蛋白质的过程中产生硫化氢,与肌红蛋白结合形成黄绿色的硫化肌红蛋白[36];另一方面,羊肉中脂肪氧化会促进肉色向黄色转变,从而导致b*值升高。在贮藏第25 d,PGLBI/GO-CMC组羊肉的b*值为10.97,均低于PGLBI和PA/PE组,且与PGLBI组存在显著性差异(P<0.05),表明PGLBI/GO-CMC复合体系能更有效抑制贮藏过程中羊肉的黄变现象。
微生物增殖是冷鲜羊肉腐败的主要诱因。因此,监测贮藏期间TVC变化具有重要意义。不同包装组贮藏期间TVC变化趋势如图9(a)所示。第0 d,三种包装组的TVC值均为2.51 lg CFU/g,表明羊肉初始新鲜度良好。随着贮藏时间的延长,三组的TVC值均以不同增长速率上升。PGLBI组TVC值增长最快,在第15 d达到6.40 lg CFU/g,超过腐败界限,可能是由于其O2阻隔性较差,无法有效延缓微生物繁殖。PA/PE组和PGLBI/GO-CMC组TVC值增长速率较缓,分别于第20 d达到6.31和6.11 lg CFU/g。其中,PGLBI/GO-CMC组的增长速率最慢。包装内低O2浓度可有效抑制多数微生物的生长繁殖[37]。因此,PGLBI/GO-CMC组良好的保鲜效果可能源于其优异的气体阻隔性(OTR值为0.5 cm3/m2·d),包装内实现了更低的O2气氛,从而抑制了大部分微生物的代谢活动。
羊肉中的蛋白质会在微生物和酶的作用下分解为含氮小分子,影响肉样的品质[38]。贮藏期间不同处理组羊肉的TVB-N变化情况如图9(b)所示。由图9(b)可知,不同包装组的TVB-N值均随贮藏时间的延长而逐渐上升。截至贮藏20 d,PGLBI和PA/PE组的TVB-N值均超过腐败阈值(20 mg/100 g),而PGLBI/GO-CMC组的TVB-N值为18.36 mg/100 g,显著优于其他两组(P<0.05),在第25 d为21.57 mg/100 g,达到腐败等级[39]。TVB-N的变化情况与包装内的O2浓度呈正相关[40],GO-CMC复合材料中GO的纳米片层结构能有效阻隔O2渗透,降低包装内O2浓度,从而抑制蛋白质氧化。此外,TVC结果表明,PGLBI/GO-CMC组在贮藏期间保持最低水平的微生物增长速率和数量,这使得蛋白质的分解速率进一步降低。
羊肉的脂肪氧化程度(以硫代巴比妥酸值TBA表示)是评估其新鲜度的重要指标。从图9(c)中可以看出,三种包装组的TBA值均随着贮藏时间的延长而逐渐增加,其中,PGLBI组的TBA值增长幅度最大,这可能是由于PGLBI薄膜O2阻隔性能较差,加速了脂肪氧化。PA/PE组的TBA值增长略缓于PGLBI组,但仍表现出较高的氧化趋势,这可能是由于PA/PE薄膜阻隔性能有限(OTR值为8.70 cm3/m2·d),在贮藏中无法有效抑制脂肪氧化。PGLBI/GO-CMC组的TBA值增长最为缓慢,显示出最优的抗氧化效果。在第20、25 d,PGLBI/GO-CMC组的TBA值显著低于其他两组,这归因于其低OTR,有研究表明包装内低浓度的O2会有效减缓肉品中脂肪的氧化酸败[37]。同时其对紫外光有良好的屏蔽作用,从而减缓了羊肉脂肪中不饱和脂肪酸的氧化速度。
图9(d)为贮藏期各处理组中羊肉pH的变化情况。从图9(d)中可以看出,所有处理组在贮藏前期的pH均呈轻微下降趋势,这一现象可能与乳酸菌在早期阶段的产酸代谢有关[41],而后pH保持稳定水平,这是因为包装内的O2浓度逐渐降低,一些好氧产酸菌的代谢受到一定程度的抑制,导致羊肉的pH不再降低。PGLBI组的稳定阶段相比于PA/PE和PGLBI/GO-CMC组较短,这归因于其OTR值较高(41.9 cm3/m2·d)。贮藏后期各包装组的pH呈现上升趋势,这归因于上一阶段积累的酸性物质进一步被微生物酶所消耗,加之蛋白质和脂肪的氧化程度加深[42]。第25 d,PGLBI和PA/PE组的pH分别达到6.76和6.35,而PGLBI/GO-CMC组的pH仅为6.15,显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)。PGLBI/GO-CMC包装通过降低O2浓度,有效抑制了pH的上升,从而延长了羊肉的货架期。
汁液流失率反映了贮藏期间羊肉的重量损失程度,主要是由水分挥发和水溶性维生素的流失所导致[43]。图10展示了三种不同包装材料在贮藏期间对羊肉DL的影响。所有包装组羊肉的DL在贮藏第5 d 保持2.24%~3.24%之间,而后均随着贮藏时间的延长而逐渐增加。整个贮藏期间,三种包装中羊肉DL的增长速率依次为:PGLBI>PGLBI/GO-CMC>PA/PE。对应WVP分别为3.82、0.49、0.036×10−7 g·m/m2·h·Pa。包装内羊肉的DL变化与包装材料的WVP密切相关,WVP越大羊肉的DL值也越大[44]。此外,贮藏过程中微生物的生长会破坏肌纤维蛋白结构,进一步降低羊肉的持水能力[19]。
基于冷鲜羊肉贮藏需求,本研究制备了高阻隔的柔性PGLBI/GO-CMC复合薄膜。复合薄膜展现出良好的紫外线屏蔽性能,其OTR低至0.5 cm3/m2·d,展现出优异的阻隔性能。将PGLBI/GO-CMC薄膜应用于冷鲜羊肉包装,显著延缓了TVB-N和TBA值的上升,同时有效保持羊肉的色泽及风味,可将冷鲜羊肉的货架期延长至20 d,为冷鲜羊肉保鲜提供了一种新的材料选择。然而,该复合薄膜的透光率较低且不易工业化生产,在今后的工作中需要进一步改善。

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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080172
  • 接收时间:2025-08-15
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-09-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-15
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作者信息
    1内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
    2中国-内蒙古生物高分子应用“一带一路”联合实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
    3兴安盟农牧科学院,内蒙古乌兰浩特 137400

通讯作者:

云雪艳(1990−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:农畜产品及副产物加工贮藏,E-mail:。
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080172
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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