Article(id=1320881769377808961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320881182762447607, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060305, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1750780800000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852354615, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1786723200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852354615, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852354615, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852354615, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320881182762447607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='16', pageStart='1', pageEnd='537', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1786723200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852214756, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852214756, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=66, endPage=74, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320881769570746946, articleId=1320881769377808961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effects of Modification Methods on the Structural and Functional Properties of Pineapple Insoluble Dietary Fiber, columnId=1261336277291548795, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Research and Investigation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The study investigated the effects of modifying pineapple insoluble dietary fiber (PIDF) using ultrasonic (US), ultra-high-pressure homogenization (UHPH), hydrochloric acid (HCl), or alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment on its structural and functional properties. The correlation between PIDF structural characteristics and functional properties were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analysis, hydration property analysis, and measurements of glucose and nitrite adsorption capacities. The results showed that all four modification methods significantly altered PIDF structural characteristics and functional properties. SEM revealed increased surface folds and porosity in the modified samples, and particle size analysis demonstrated significant reductions in particle size (P<0.05). Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy revealed that no new functional groups were introduced. Among the four modification methods evaluated, alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment exhibited the greatest improvement in hydration properties, increasing water holding capacity to 23.91 g/g and oil holding capacity to 19.68 g/g, while ultrasonic (US) treatment yielded the highest water swelling capacity (12.78 mL/g). Regarding adsorption properties, US treatment showed the strongest glucose adsorption capacity (862.74 mg/g). AHP treatment achieved the best nitrite ion adsorption capacity at pH2.0 (450.66 μg/g), and ultra-high pressure homogenization (UHPH) treatment was most effective for cholesterol adsorption (4.11 mg/g). These results suggested that AHP was more suitable for enhancing hydration-related properties, whereas UHPH was preferable for improving adsorption performance. In summary, the four modification methods not only altered the physical structure of pineapple insoluble dietary fiber (PIDF), but also improved its chemical functional characteristics, thereby expanding its potential applications.

, authors=Peng LIU1, Zhongying YANG1, 2, Xiuyuan NONG1, Rui GUO1, Ming LI1, *, authorsList=Peng LIU, Zhongying YANG, Xiuyuan NONG, Rui GUO, Ming LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Ming LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320881772678726225, articleId=1320881769377808961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=改性方法对菠萝不溶性膳食纤维结构及功能性质的影响, columnId=1261336277849391232, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=研究与探讨, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

以菠萝不溶性膳食纤维(Pineapple insoluble dietary fibers,PIDF)为原料,采用超声波(Ultrasonic,US)、超高压均质(Ultra-high pressure homogenization,UHPH)、盐酸(Hydrochloric acid,HCl)及碱性过氧化氢(Alkaline hydrogen peroxide,AHP)对其改性处理,并探究改性前后PIDF的结构和功能性质。通过扫描电子显微镜、X-ray衍射、粒径分析、水合性质、葡萄糖和亚硝酸盐吸附能力等指标,分析PIDF的结构和功能性质关系。结果表明,四种方法改性处理对PIDF的结构和功能性质的影响效果显著。扫描电镜分析显示改性后的PIDF表面褶皱和孔隙增多;粒径分析结果表明,改性后的粒径显著减小(P<0.05);FT-IR光谱显示,改性后的PIDF均未引入新的官能团。对比四种改性方法,水合方面,持水力和持油力改善效果最优的为AHP处理,吸水膨胀力最佳的则为US处理,分别提升至23.91 g/g、19.68 g/g和12.78 mL/g;吸附方面,葡萄糖吸附能力最优为US处理,可将吸附能力提升至862.74 mg/g,亚硝酸根离子吸附能力(pH2.0)最优的为AHP处理,可将吸附能力提升至450.66 μg/g,胆固醇吸附能力最优的为UHPH处理,可将吸附能力提升至4.11 mg/g。以上结果表明AHP作为水合方面的改性较合适,而UHPH作为吸附方面的改性较合适。综上所述,四种方法改性不仅改变了PIDF的物理结构,还改善了其化学功能特性,拓展了应用范围。

, authors=刘鹏1, 杨忠英1, 2, 农秀媛1, 郭蕊1, 李明1, *, authorsList=刘鹏, 杨忠英, 农秀媛, 郭蕊, 李明, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李明, authorNote=

刘鹏(1994−),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向:粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程,E-mail:

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李明(1979−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:农产品精深加工,E-mail:。
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Journal of Food Engineering, 2014, 120: 1−8., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320881772905218642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320881772913607251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, companyId=1320881772905218642, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua 134002, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320881772921995860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, companyId=1320881772905218642, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1通化师范学院医药健康学院,吉林通化 134002)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320881772989104725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320881773001687638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, companyId=1320881772989104725, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320881773014270551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, companyId=1320881772989104725, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2贵阳学院食品科学与工程学院,贵州贵阳 550005)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320881776784949886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Microstructure of PIDF before and after different modification treatments, figureFileSmall=hhdfAfr1sV1VX1AgJF52ag==, figureFileBig=UwrVZI5swr3jo6+2gn5N6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881776860447359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同改性处理前后PIDF的表面微观结构

注:A为O-PIDF(300×);a为O-PIDF(800×);B为US-PIDF(300×);b为US-PIDF(800×);C为UHPH-PIDF(300×);c为UHPH-PIDF(800×);D为HCl-PIDF(300×);d为HCl-PIDF(800×);E为AHP-PIDF(300×);e为AHP-PIDF(800×)。

, figureFileSmall=hhdfAfr1sV1VX1AgJF52ag==, figureFileBig=UwrVZI5swr3jo6+2gn5N6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777112105600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Infrared spectra of PIDF before and after different methods, figureFileSmall=kmhKSxfNVw2hO4htLz9Eag==, figureFileBig=JEeOAFgujWK5oVecxoETfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777191797377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同方法改性前后PIDF红外光谱图谱, figureFileSmall=kmhKSxfNVw2hO4htLz9Eag==, figureFileBig=JEeOAFgujWK5oVecxoETfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777271489154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=XRD patterns of PIDF before and after modification by different methods, figureFileSmall=rxVCLODZYVmIJ4UcQgYjGw==, figureFileBig=QW3+fAXlScm3YSXVGt9Nxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777355375235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同方法改性前后PIDF的XRD图, figureFileSmall=rxVCLODZYVmIJ4UcQgYjGw==, figureFileBig=QW3+fAXlScm3YSXVGt9Nxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777422484100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Average particle size of PIDF before and after modification by different methods, figureFileSmall=Vlxa9ftQ+FFotoStgnIQ7Q==, figureFileBig=3JCERbOiaPOB5Y9WR5b5iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777489592965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同方法改性前后PIDF的平均粒径

注:不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),图5~图7同。

, figureFileSmall=Vlxa9ftQ+FFotoStgnIQ7Q==, figureFileBig=3JCERbOiaPOB5Y9WR5b5iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777560896134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Glucose adsorption capacity of PIDF before and after modification by different methods, figureFileSmall=Ho7cnDuW3JT7TAm7i7NYoQ==, figureFileBig=7+Sq4MnguLdSbtuHYM5jQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777644782215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同方法改性前后PIDF的葡萄糖吸附能力, figureFileSmall=Ho7cnDuW3JT7TAm7i7NYoQ==, figureFileBig=7+Sq4MnguLdSbtuHYM5jQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777720279688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Nitrite ion adsorption capacity of PIDF before and after modification by different methods, figureFileSmall=/aaWleDTDfCB2uLcYD8jfQ==, figureFileBig=BoMBO5ugGHlUVNU5lw7/Yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777791582857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同方法改性前后PIDF的亚硝酸根离子吸附能力, figureFileSmall=/aaWleDTDfCB2uLcYD8jfQ==, figureFileBig=BoMBO5ugGHlUVNU5lw7/Yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777854497418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Cholesterol adsorption capacity of PIDF before and after modification by different methods, figureFileSmall=EWH5N5LI1k37zIKbaZhjtg==, figureFileBig=439ks0xkv5nN7M+zXZcFLw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881777934189195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同方法改性前后PIDF的胆固醇吸附能力, figureFileSmall=EWH5N5LI1k37zIKbaZhjtg==, figureFileBig=439ks0xkv5nN7M+zXZcFLw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320881778013880972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity and water absorption expansion capacity of PIDF before and after different methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品持水力(g/g)持油力(g/g)吸水膨胀力(mL/g)
O-PIDF5.02±0.28e4.56±0.03e5.68±0.05e
US-PIDF9.37±0.44d16.68±0.20d12.78±0.31a
UHPH-PIDF20.97±0.06b17.76±0.14c11.29±0.08b
HCl-PIDF13.94±0.31c18.36±0.31b10.21±0.15d
AHP-PIDF23.91±0.02a19.68±0.03a10.55±0.12c
), ArticleFig(id=1320881778089378445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320881769377808961, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同方法改性前后PIDF的持水力、持油力和吸水膨胀力

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样品持水力(g/g)持油力(g/g)吸水膨胀力(mL/g)
O-PIDF5.02±0.28e4.56±0.03e5.68±0.05e
US-PIDF9.37±0.44d16.68±0.20d12.78±0.31a
UHPH-PIDF20.97±0.06b17.76±0.14c11.29±0.08b
HCl-PIDF13.94±0.31c18.36±0.31b10.21±0.15d
AHP-PIDF23.91±0.02a19.68±0.03a10.55±0.12c
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改性方法对菠萝不溶性膳食纤维结构及功能性质的影响
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刘鹏 1 , 杨忠英 1, 2 , 农秀媛 1 , 郭蕊 1 , 李明 1, *
食品工业科技 | 研究与探讨 2026,47(16): 66-74
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食品工业科技 |研究与探讨 2026 , 47 (16) : 66 -74
改性方法对菠萝不溶性膳食纤维结构及功能性质的影响
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刘鹏1 , 杨忠英1, 2, 农秀媛1, 郭蕊1, 李明1, *
作者信息
  • 1通化师范学院医药健康学院,吉林通化 134002
  • 2贵阳学院食品科学与工程学院,贵州贵阳 550005
通讯作者:
李明(1979−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:农产品精深加工,E-mail:。
作者简介:

刘鹏(1994−),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向:粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程,E-mail:

Effects of Modification Methods on the Structural and Functional Properties of Pineapple Insoluble Dietary Fiber
Peng LIU1 , Zhongying YANG1, 2, Xiuyuan NONG1, Rui GUO1, Ming LI1, *
Affiliations
  • 1School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua 134002, China
  • 2School of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
出版时间: 2026-08-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060305
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以菠萝不溶性膳食纤维(Pineapple insoluble dietary fibers,PIDF)为原料,采用超声波(Ultrasonic,US)、超高压均质(Ultra-high pressure homogenization,UHPH)、盐酸(Hydrochloric acid,HCl)及碱性过氧化氢(Alkaline hydrogen peroxide,AHP)对其改性处理,并探究改性前后PIDF的结构和功能性质。通过扫描电子显微镜、X-ray衍射、粒径分析、水合性质、葡萄糖和亚硝酸盐吸附能力等指标,分析PIDF的结构和功能性质关系。结果表明,四种方法改性处理对PIDF的结构和功能性质的影响效果显著。扫描电镜分析显示改性后的PIDF表面褶皱和孔隙增多;粒径分析结果表明,改性后的粒径显著减小(P<0.05);FT-IR光谱显示,改性后的PIDF均未引入新的官能团。对比四种改性方法,水合方面,持水力和持油力改善效果最优的为AHP处理,吸水膨胀力最佳的则为US处理,分别提升至23.91 g/g、19.68 g/g和12.78 mL/g;吸附方面,葡萄糖吸附能力最优为US处理,可将吸附能力提升至862.74 mg/g,亚硝酸根离子吸附能力(pH2.0)最优的为AHP处理,可将吸附能力提升至450.66 μg/g,胆固醇吸附能力最优的为UHPH处理,可将吸附能力提升至4.11 mg/g。以上结果表明AHP作为水合方面的改性较合适,而UHPH作为吸附方面的改性较合适。综上所述,四种方法改性不仅改变了PIDF的物理结构,还改善了其化学功能特性,拓展了应用范围。

菠萝  /  不溶性膳食纤维  /  改性  /  理化特性  /  功能性质  /  结构表征

The study investigated the effects of modifying pineapple insoluble dietary fiber (PIDF) using ultrasonic (US), ultra-high-pressure homogenization (UHPH), hydrochloric acid (HCl), or alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment on its structural and functional properties. The correlation between PIDF structural characteristics and functional properties were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analysis, hydration property analysis, and measurements of glucose and nitrite adsorption capacities. The results showed that all four modification methods significantly altered PIDF structural characteristics and functional properties. SEM revealed increased surface folds and porosity in the modified samples, and particle size analysis demonstrated significant reductions in particle size (P<0.05). Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy revealed that no new functional groups were introduced. Among the four modification methods evaluated, alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment exhibited the greatest improvement in hydration properties, increasing water holding capacity to 23.91 g/g and oil holding capacity to 19.68 g/g, while ultrasonic (US) treatment yielded the highest water swelling capacity (12.78 mL/g). Regarding adsorption properties, US treatment showed the strongest glucose adsorption capacity (862.74 mg/g). AHP treatment achieved the best nitrite ion adsorption capacity at pH2.0 (450.66 μg/g), and ultra-high pressure homogenization (UHPH) treatment was most effective for cholesterol adsorption (4.11 mg/g). These results suggested that AHP was more suitable for enhancing hydration-related properties, whereas UHPH was preferable for improving adsorption performance. In summary, the four modification methods not only altered the physical structure of pineapple insoluble dietary fiber (PIDF), but also improved its chemical functional characteristics, thereby expanding its potential applications.

pineapple  /  insoluble dietary fiber  /  modification  /  physicochemical characteristics  /  functional properties  /  structural properties
刘鹏, 杨忠英, 农秀媛, 郭蕊, 李明. 改性方法对菠萝不溶性膳食纤维结构及功能性质的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (16) : 66 -74 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060305
Peng LIU, Zhongying YANG, Xiuyuan NONG, Rui GUO, Ming LI. Effects of Modification Methods on the Structural and Functional Properties of Pineapple Insoluble Dietary Fiber[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (16) : 66 -74 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060305
菠萝(Ananas comosus),又称凤梨,是凤梨科凤梨属的热带草本植物,营养丰富,是我国的重要生产作物之一[1]。菠萝在生产、加工过程中会产生大量的菠萝皮、渣等副产物,这些副产物中包含丰富的功能性化合物,如多糖、微量营养素(矿物质和维生素)、酶、蛋白质、挥发性化合物和膳食纤维,尤其是不溶性膳食纤维的含量特别高,包括半纤维素、纤维素、木质素[2],在食品工业中具有很大的潜在利用价值[3]。但目前大多未得到充分利用,通常被当作废弃物处理,不仅造成资源浪费,还可能对环境产生一定的压力[4]。因此,对菠萝副产物中的不溶性膳食纤维进行研究和利用具有重要的现实意义。
膳食纤维(Dietary fiber,DF),通常是指不能被人体内小肠消化和吸收但具有健康意义的,存在于天然植物中的碳水化合物,有助于预防血糖、血浆胆固醇和心血管等疾病[5],被誉为“第七大营养素”,根据溶解性差异分为可溶性膳食纤维(Soluble dietary fibers,SDF)和不溶性膳食纤维(Insoluble dietary fibers,IDF)[6]。IDF能吸附胆固醇、胆汁酸等物质来降低血压,还可预防结直肠癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌等癌症[7−9]。另外,适量摄入IDF是一种预防肥胖的有效方法[10],且它能凭借葡萄糖吸附特性调节肠道内碳水化合物代谢,降低餐后血糖浓度[9]。
由于不同来源的IDP其结构和功能不尽相同,为提高其潜在的应用价值,许多学者采用不同的方法对IDF进行改性处理以改善其功能性质。例如,HUANG等[11]探讨超声处理对大蒜秸秆的影响,结果显示大蒜秸秆IDF的胆固醇吸附力比对照组提高了45.0%,葡萄糖吸附能力也明显提高,其色泽品质和物理化学特性也明显优于对照组。GAO等[12]利用高压均质对椰子不溶性膳食纤维进行改性,发现改性处理能显著减小粒径,提高水合能力,增强胰脂肪酶抑制活性。WANG等[13]用酸处理麦麸IDF,结果显示不仅能提高其水合能力和阳离子交换能力,还能提高胆固醇、胆酸钠、葡萄糖的吸附能力和α-淀粉酶抑制活性。李金隆等[14]使用碱性过氧化氢处理玉米芯IDF,发现改性对IDF的持水性、持油性和吸附能力也均有改善。目前针对菠萝不溶性膳食纤维(Pineapple insoluble dietary fibers,PIDF)的改性研究还鲜有报道。本研究中分别使用超声波(Ultrasonic,US)、超高压均质(Ultra-high pressure homogenization,UHPH)、盐酸(Hydrochloric acid,HCl)及碱性过氧化氢(Alkaline hydrogen peroxide,AHP)处理PIDF并探究不同处理方式对其结构和功能性质的影响。本研究为拓宽PIDF应用范围提供了理论支撑,并为改性其他来源的IDF加工利用提供参考。
菠萝 市售;36%~38%盐酸溶液、3%过氧化氢试液 哈尔滨瑞标科技有限公司;亚硝酸钠、对氨基苯磺酸、N-1-盐酸萘乙二胺、葡萄糖、冰乙酸、邻苯二甲醛 分析纯,国药集团化学试剂有限公司;玉米油 益海嘉里金龙鱼食品集团股份有限公司;胆固醇标准品 北京索莱宝科技有限公司;DNS试剂 飞净生物科技有限公司。
Xinyi-IID超声波细胞破碎仪 宁波新艺超声设备有限公司;FB-110Q15-PLUS超高压纳米均质机 上海励途有限公司;LGJ-50FD真空冷冻干燥机 河南兄弟仪器设备有限公司;BeNano 90 Zeta纳米粒度电位分析仪 丹东百特仪器有限公司;T1000分析天平 常熟市双杰测试仪器厂;Phenom Pro扫描电子显微镜 复纳科学仪器(上海)有限公司;iS50傅里叶红外光谱仪 美国Thermo Scientific公司;D8 Advance X射线衍射仪 德国Bruker公司;722S紫外分光光度计 上海菁华科技仪器有限公司;TDL-5A离心机 上海安亭科学仪器厂;210全不锈钢胶体磨 张祥胶体磨厂。
参考刘鹏等[15]的方法,采用碱法提取PIDF。菠萝榨汁后的残渣洗涤后干燥并粉碎,得到菠萝残渣粉。将菠萝残渣粉与体积分数为6%的NaOH溶液以液料比26:1(m/v)混匀、置于40 ℃水浴锅中提取75 min。3000 r/min离心15 min,将得到的沉淀反复用蒸馏水冲洗至澄清无色,真空冷冻干燥24 h,得PIDF,粉碎后过0.25 mm筛备用,命名为Original-PIDF(O-PIDF)。
参考李爽[16]的方法改性。取5 g PIDF粉末于150 mL的烧杯内加入100 mL蒸馏水,置于磁力搅拌器上以800 r/min持续搅拌30 min,获得均匀的悬浮液。取100 mL制得的悬浮液,转移至150 mL的烧杯中,进行超声处理。设定超声频率为20 kHz,输出功率为500 W,对悬浮液样品进行处理1 h(2 s:4 s工作/休息周期)。处理结束后对样品进行真空冷冻干燥,研磨,过0.25 mm筛,制得超声改性PIDF样品,命名为US-PIDF。
参考游玉明等[17]的方法改性。PIDF按照料液比1:100(g/mL)加入蒸馏水混合均匀,通过胶体磨进行机械研磨处理,持续作用时间10 min。将预处理液转移至超高压均质机,在100 MPa压力下进行均质化处理。处理结束后对样品进行真空冷冻干燥,研磨,过0.25 mm筛,制得超高压均质改性PIDF样品,命名为UHPH-PIDF。
参考刘静娜等[18]的方法改性。PIDF按照料液比1:50(g/mL)加入1.5% HCl溶液混合均匀,在59 ℃恒温水浴磁力搅拌(100 r/min)1.5 h后,取出等待完全晾凉后调节pH至中性,再进行抽滤。处理结束后对样品进行真空冷冻干燥,研磨,过0.25 mm筛,制得盐酸改性PIDF样品,命名为HCl-PIDF。
参考李金隆等[14]的方法改性。PIDF按照料液比1:20(g/mL)加入2.0% AHP溶液混合均匀。采用5 mol/L NaOH溶液调节体系pH至11.0后,80 ℃恒温水浴磁力搅拌(100 r/min)4 h,反应完成后,以1 mol/L HCl中和至溶液呈中性状态,进行抽滤处理。所得滤渣经蒸馏水反复清洗2次后,对样品进行真空冷冻干燥,研磨,过0.25 mm筛,制得碱性过氧化氢改性PIDF样品,命名为AHP-PIDF。
采用扫描电子显微镜观察PIDF的表面形貌。加速电压为15 kV,分别放大300倍和800倍。
采用傅里叶红外光谱仪对PIDF中存在的官能团进行分析。测量范围500~4000 cm−1,分辨率4 cm−1,扫描次数64次。
利用X射线衍射仪对PIDF的结晶结构进行表征。工作电压30 kV,工作电流30 mA,衍射角扫描范围为5°~90°,测量速率:2°/min。
称取PIDF粉末样品,以蒸馏水作分散剂制备成0.1%悬浮液,在25 ℃时通过纳米粒度电位分析仪测定其平均粒径。
WHC根据ZHU等[19]的方法测定。称取0.5 g PIDF样品(记为m1)置于10 mL离心管中(空管质量记为m2),加入5 mL蒸馏水充分混匀,于37 ℃恒温条件下静置反应1 h。经4000 r/min离心10 min后,移除上层清液后,称量离心管及沉淀物总质量(记为m3)。样品的WHC由式(1)进行计算:
$ \text{WHC(g/g)}=\frac{{\text{m}}_{3}-{\text{m}}_{2}}{{\text{m}}_{1}} $
式中,m1为吸水前样品质量,g;m2为空管质量,g;m3为离心管和吸水后样品质量,g。
OHC根据ZHU等[19]的方法测定。称取0.5 g PIDF样品(记为m1)置于10 mL离心管中(空管质量记为m2),加入12.5 mL玉米油充分混匀,于37 ℃恒温条件下静置反应1 h。经4000 r/min离心10 min后,移除上层油脂层,称量离心管及沉淀物总质量(记为m3)。样品的OHC由式(2)进行计算:
$ \text{OHC(g/g)}=\frac{{\text{m}}_{3}-{\text{m}}_{2}}{{\text{m}}_{1}} $
式中,m1为吸油前样品质量,g;m2为空管质量,g;m3为离心管和吸油后样品质量,g。
WSC根据ZHU等[19]的方法测定。称取0.5 g PIDF样品(记为m)置于10 mL离心管中,加入5 mL蒸馏水后记录初始体积(记为V1)。经37 ℃恒温反应1 h并4000 r/min离心10 min后,记录沉淀物体积(记为V2)。样品的WSC由式(3)进行计算:
$ \mathrm{WSC}(\mathrm{mL}/\mathrm{g})=\frac{{\mathrm{V}}_{2}-{\mathrm{V}}_{1}}{\mathrm{m}} $
式中,m为吸水前样品质量,g;V1为吸水前样品体积,mL;V2为吸水后样品体积,mL。
GAC根据李金隆等[14]的方法测定。量取100 mL(记为V)50 mmol/L葡萄糖溶液(初始浓度记为c1),加入0.5 g PIDF样品(记为m),于37 ℃水浴条件下振荡反应6 h。反应液经4000 r/min离心15 min后,取上清液,采用DNS比色法于540 nm波长处测定吸光值(平衡浓度记为c2)。样品的GAC值由式(4)进行计算:
$ \mathrm{GAC}(\mathrm{mg}/\mathrm{g})=\frac{({\mathrm{c}}_{2}-{\mathrm{c}}_{1})\times \mathrm{V}}{\mathrm{m}} $
式中:m为样品质量,g;c1为吸附前原溶液中的葡萄糖浓度,mmol/L;c2为吸附后上清液中葡萄糖浓度,mmol/L;V为葡萄糖溶液体积,L。
NAC根据李金隆等[14]的方法测定。分别配制25 mL(记为V)500 μmol/L亚硝酸钠溶液(初始浓度记为c1),各加入1 g PIDF样品(质量记为m),利用盐酸/NaOH溶液调节体系pH至2.0(模拟胃液环境)和7.0(模拟肠液环境)。将反应体系置于37 ℃水浴中振荡反应2 h,经4000 r/min离心15 min后,取上清液,采用盐酸萘乙二胺比色法于538 nm波长处测定吸光值(平衡浓度记为c2)。样品的NAC值由式(5)进行计算:
$ \mathrm{NAC}(\text{µ}\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{g})=\frac{({\mathrm{c}}_{2}-{\mathrm{c}}_{1})\times \mathrm{V}}{\mathrm{m}} $
式中:m为样品质量,g;c1为吸附前原溶液中的亚硝酸钠溶液浓度, μmol/L;c2为吸附后上清液中亚硝酸盐溶液浓度,μmol/L;V为初始体积,L。
CAC根据ZHANG等[20]方法稍加改进测定。构建胆固醇吸附测定体系。鉴于胆固醇在乳化剂存在条件下仍呈现疏水特性,本研究选用新鲜蛋黄构建仿生模型系统。量取新鲜蛋黄样品,按1:9体积比与去离子水混合,通过搅拌形成均一乳液(记为c1)。称取1.0 g PIDF样品(记为m),与25 mL蛋黄稀释液充分混匀(记为c3),将反应体系置于37 ℃恒温振荡器中,设置转速120 r/min持续反应2 h。吸附平衡后,加入4倍体积无水乙醇进行沉淀处理,随后以4000 r/min离心20 min。设置25 mL蛋黄稀释液作为实验对照,采集离心上清液(记为c2),采用邻苯二甲醛比色法于550 nm波长处测定吸光值。样品的CAC值由式(6)进行计算:
$ \mathrm{CAC}(\mathrm{mg}/\mathrm{g})=\frac{({\mathrm{c}}_{2}-{\mathrm{c}}_{3})-({\mathrm{c}}_{1}-{\text{c}}_{2})}{\mathrm{m}}\times 25 $
式中:m为样品质量,g;c1为空白蛋黄乳液(蛋黄:去离子水=1:9)体系中胆固醇浓度,mmol/L;c2为对照组(仅25 mL蛋黄稀释液,不加PIDF样品)离心后上清液测得的胆固醇浓度,mmol/L;c3为实验组(PIDF样品+25 mL 蛋黄稀释液反应后)离心上清液的胆固醇浓度,mmol//L;25为蛋黄稀释液的体积,mL。
相同试验下每组试验平行3次,结果以平均值±标准差表示,采用IBM SPSS statistic26进行差异显著性分析,利用Origin 2021、和WPS Office进行数据处理和绘图。
用扫描电镜观察样品在300和800倍放大倍数下的形态特征。如图1A和图1a所示,O-PIDF表现出光滑的表面和致密的结构,尺寸较大,颗粒间界限清晰;表面相对平整,凹凸不平和不规则结构较少;呈现出明显的层状结构。相比之下,四种改性后的PIDF呈现出表面不规则,其特征在于存在更明显的皱纹、略微蓬松的纹理、粒径分布范围拓宽、表面粗糙程度增加等现象。这些变化主要归因于超声处理所施加的强大的机械力和空化效应,导致纤维和半纤维素的降解以及形成松散的表面结构[16]。UHPH处理过程中PIDF受到流体与管道间的剪切力、流体与流体间的碰撞力以及空穴作用力等所导致[21]。HCl和AHP处理对纤维微观结构的破坏,导致部分纤维素、半纤维素及果胶组分降解,形成表面孔洞,表面褶皱化现象[22]。这些结构特征变化增强了水分渗透能力,同时使PIDF内部的极性和非极性基团更多暴露,增强了与周围环境的相互作用,改善了其持水力、持油力、吸水膨胀力、葡萄糖吸附能力及亚硝酸根离子吸附能力[23]。
如图2所示,原始和改性后的PIDF具有相似的光谱模式。在3300、2930、1630、1336和1035 cm−1处的吸收峰,分别与-OH、C-H、C=O、-CH和C-O振动相关,是IDF的典型吸收峰[24]。在3300 cm−1处观察到的吸收峰主要与纤维素、半纤维素和木质素中-OH的伸缩振动有关。与O-PIDF相比,经过改性处理后的PIDF,在3300 cm−1处吸收峰强度减弱,这表明分子间氢键的破坏或减弱[25]。2930 cm−1处的吸收峰是由多糖分子中甲基和亚甲基的C-H伸缩振动产生的,反映了纤维素的结构特征[26]。1630 cm−1处的羰基吸收峰,主要来源于半纤维素的乙酸基、木质素或半纤维素中阿魏酸和香豆酸羧基的酯键振动[27]。1336 cm−1处的特征吸收峰,是由COO-的伸缩振动和价态振动共同引发的[28]。在1035 cm−1处的吸收峰是源于纤维素和半纤维素中的C-O基团伸缩振动[29]。903 cm−1处的吸收峰,则代表葡萄糖分子中C-H的弯曲振动。这些现象表明,超声改性处理对多糖中由羟基形成的氢键造成了一定程度的破坏[30]。UHPH处理会破坏纤维素晶体结构域[31]。综上,不同的改性方式并未改变PIDF中官能团的类型,但对官能团的伸缩振动产生了影响。
IDF的结晶度直接影响其物理和化学性质,如保水、保油和吸水膨胀能力等[32]。如图3所示,不同改性处理对PIDF的XRD图谱大致趋势相似。O-PIDF在15.53°和21.77°处显示出明显的特征衍射峰,在34.29°处观察到的衍射峰强度降低,证实O-PIDF存在具有无定形和结晶区域的纤维素I型结构[33]。改性前后PIDF样品呈现出晶态与非晶态的共存,表明改性处理并未改变PIDF的晶体类型。在15.53°附近,四种改性样品的衍射峰变宽,可能是改性过程中纤维素变化导致的[34]。在21.77°附近,US-PIDF和UHPH-PIDF峰形变得尖锐,可能与纤维素无定形区域的氢键断裂有关[17,33]。HCl-PIDF峰形变宽、峰强度变弱,可能与氢离子进入并破坏了PIDF的无定形区域,且对非结晶区蛋白和糖键进行破坏,降低了无定形区域,聚合度降低有关[35]。PIDF在34.29°处峰强度降低,这可能是由于原始有序纤维素结构的破坏和结晶度的变化有关[36]。研究显示,PIDF的峰位置未呈现显著性改变,此现象表明纤维的结晶类型未发生改变。
粒径是IDF物理化学和功能特性的一个重要特征,与WSC、吸附能力以及胃肠道转运时间有关[37]。如图4所示,US-PIDF(121.22 μm)、UHPH-PIDF(138.07 μm)、HCl-PIDF(156.67 μm)和AHP-PIDF(191.70 μm)低于O-PIDF(391.98 μm)的粒径。改性后粒径降低的现象与AHP处理后木质素的降解和部分醇溶性物质的去除有关,这种粒径细化现象与水合性能的改善呈现正相关关系[38]。酸处理后粒径减小,不仅增大了膳食纤维颗粒比表面积,还增加了化学物质与吸附位点的接触,进而增强其吸附能力[39]。UHPH处理导致的粒径下降则归因于超高压流体作用所产生的高速剪切、对流碰撞、空穴等物理作用促使PIDF的结构被破坏,颗粒断裂,从而导致粒径减小[40]。超声处理粒径减小归因于超声波对PIDF的空化作用[41]。膳食纤维的粒径越小,比表面积越大,有利于其内部活性基团的暴露,提高其水合能力和吸附能力[42]。
高WHC可促进排泄量,加快排便速度,从而缩短残留食物在胃肠道内的滞留时间,有效预防肠道疾病的发展[43]。如表1所示,改性后PIDF的WHC显著高于O-PIDF(P<0.05),与O-PIDF相比,AHP-PIDF的WHC达到最大值23.91±0.02 g/g,增加了3.76倍。这种变化归因于改性后PIDF多孔和层压结构可以暴露更多的亲水性基团并增加比表面积,使其保水性增强[44],且AHP处理可以破坏(半)纤维素内部的氢键,导致果胶的随机脱酯,暴露纤维结构内更多的亲水基团,使纤维内部结构松动,从而提高PIDF的WHC[22]。
OHC对于防止食物加工过程中的油损失以及通过有效结合人类消化系统内的饮食脂肪帮助降低血清胆固醇水平至关重要[45]。如表1所示,改性后的PIDF持油能力显著增加(P<0.05)。US-PIDF、UHPH-PIDF、HCl-PIDF和AHP-PIDF的WHC高于O-PIDF,其中AHP-PIDF的OHC达到最大值(19.68±0.03 g/g),增加了3.31倍。AHP处理可以去除PIDF中的一些纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,并暴露出纤维中更多的官能团,增强PIDF对油脂的截留,提高OHC[21]。
WSC是指DF在饮水时膨胀或形成凝胶状物质的能力[6]。如表1所示,改性后PIDF的WSC显著高于O-PIDF(P<0.05)。其中US-PIDF的WSC达到最大值(12.78±0.31 mL/g),增加了1.25倍。这种变化归因于超声处理增加孔隙率,并通过空化效应打开纤维基质,可以帮助IDF形成多孔结构,这有利于提高WSC[19]。WHC、OHC和WSC是IDF生理功能的重要指标,较强的水合能力有助于增强饱腹感和促进胃肠蠕动。因此,改性处理后PIDF的生理功能得到了一定程度的增强。
葡萄糖吸附能力是评价膳食纤维抑制餐后血糖升高的重要指标。如图5所示,四种改性方法均能显著(P<0.05)提高PIDF的GAC。与O-PIDF相比,US-PIDF葡萄糖吸附能力最大为862.74 mg/g,提高了21.72%。这可能与IDF能够通过主动吸附葡萄糖分子以及形成物理屏障来影响葡萄糖的吸收有关[46]。吸附能力的提高可能源于改性处理使得PIDF的孔隙率提高,从而暴露出更多的活性基团;同时在超声改性过程中,膳食纤维内部形成了多孔结构,比表面积显著增大,从而使得更多的葡萄糖分子能够被吸附,最终促使GAC升高[47]。UHPH处理不仅显著降低了PIDF在菠萝DF中的占比,而且可能通过破坏PIDF中的多糖链对其水合作用特性产生不利影响[48]。AHP改性处理,PIDF的表面粗糙度增加,孔隙数量增多,比表面积显著增大,增强了纤维对葡萄糖分子的捕获能力,吸附效率随之提升[49]。因此,通过不同改性处理的PIDF可有效将小肠中的葡萄糖保持在低水平,从而有助于降低餐后高血糖症[2]。本文研究结果表明,PIDF可能是开发高血糖友好产品的资源。
在pH2.0(模拟胃环境)和pH7.0(模拟肠环境)的条件下,探究了不同改性处理的PIDF对NAC的影响。PIDF具备吸收亚硝酸盐的能力,通常情况下,体内亚硝酸盐的排出量和膳食纤维的NAC有关联[16]。亚硝酸盐可以与胺结合产生N-硝基化合物,这些化合物是潜在的致癌物,但IDF可以从机体内吸附一些亚硝酸盐,具有预防胃癌和降低其对人体毒性的作用[50]。
改性处理前后PIDF的NAC如图6所示。与O-PIDF相比,四种改性方法对改善PIDF的NAC表现出显著效果(P<0.05),pH2.0时AHP吸附能力最大为450.66 μg/g,与O-PIDF相比提高了9.06倍。这主要归因于经改性处理后,PIDF的粒径减小,更多活性位点及网络结构得以暴露,进而提升了其对亚硝酸盐的吸附能力,然而该吸附过程受体系酸碱性的显著影响,在pH2.0时的吸附量高于pH7.0时,这与YANG等[51]利用高速剪切协同酶改性后的竹笋DF,对亚硝酸根离子吸附的研究结果相吻合。此外,AHP处理相较于UHPH处理在模拟人体胃肠环境中的NAC较高,这可能与AHP处理后PIDF的结构变化以及香豆酸或阿魏酸等活性基团的暴露有关[52]。
IDF对胆固醇吸附能力越高,越能有效地降低血浆胆固醇水平,从而减少机体对胆固醇的吸收[53]。如图7所示,UHPH-PIDF的胆固醇吸附量达到峰值4.11 mg/g,较未改性样品提升约2.00倍。本文还发现,在两种物理改性方法中,UHPH-PIDF对CAC吸附能力比US-PIDF好;而两种化学改性方法中,AHP-PIDF比HCl-PIDF吸附能力好。与O-PIDF相比,改性后的吸附能力显著提高(P<0.05)。这与改性后PIDF表面形成的疏松多孔蜂窝结构导致的比表面积增大密切相关[54]。此外,改性过程中膳食纤维水溶性成分的增加,可能增强了PIDF对胆固醇分子的吸附作用[55]。经过两种物理方法改性处理后,增加了PIDF的表面积,因此增强了PIDF的CAC[16]。
本文采用了US、UHPH、HCl、AHP处理对PIDF进行改性,分别比较了改性前后PIDF的结构特性和理化特性。研究结果表明,四种方法改性处理对PIDF的结构和功能性质的影响效果显著。与O-PIDF相比,四种改性处理使PIDF颗粒表面形成了褶皱形态,增加了其表面的粗糙度和孔隙数量。改性处理并未引入新的官能团并且没有发生结晶类型的改变。改性处理显著减小了PIDF的粒径,其中US-PIDF粒径减小最明显。相比之下,US-PIDF的吸水膨胀力和葡萄糖吸附能力的改善效果最好;UHPH-PIDF胆固醇吸附能力改善效果最好;AHP-PIDF的持水力、持油力和亚硝酸根离子吸附能力(pH2.0)改善效果最好。综上所述,四种改性方法可以改善PIDF的功能性质,使其在食品工业中具有更广泛的应用潜力。

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2026年第47卷第16期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060305
  • 接收时间:2025-06-25
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-08-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-25
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    1通化师范学院医药健康学院,吉林通化 134002
    2贵阳学院食品科学与工程学院,贵州贵阳 550005

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李明(1979−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:农产品精深加工,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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