Article(id=1320882769392160813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320882506312826993, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050056, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1746979200000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852593037, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1778774400000, pubDateStr=2026-05-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852593037, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852593037, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852593037, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320882506312826993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='525', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1778774400000', pubDateStr='2026-05-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852530314, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852530314, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=365, endPage=373, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320882769580904494, articleId=1320882769392160813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effect of Compounding Antifreeze Preservation Solution on Quality Changes of Golden Pomfret (Trachinotus ovatus) to Multiple Freeze-thaw Cycles, columnId=1261343845820805453, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Storage and Preservation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to explore the effect of compound antifreeze preservation liquid (3.5% CS+1.5% Inulin+0.5% PPP+0.04% Nisin) on the quality of golden pomfret in repeated freeze-thaw cycles, this study constructed a repeated freeze-thaw model, and compared the changes in the quality of golden pomfret under two treatment conditions: Without the addition of antifreeze and preservative solution (CK) and with the addition of a compound antifreeze and preservative solution composed of 3.5% CS, 1.5% Inulin, 0.5% PPP and 0.04% Nisin (EG) through the determination of the freezing rate, colour difference, water-holding capacity, freshness, texture characteristics, flavour characteristics, and other quality indexes. The results showed that the time required for EG to form the maximum ice crystal zone was about 20 minutes shorter than CK. After four freeze-thaw cycles, the brightness (L*), yellowness (b*), and whiteness (W) of both EG and CK increased, with the increase in EG being significantly lower than CK (P<0.05), and the redness (a*) of both groups continuously decreased. With the increase of the number of freeze-thaw times, the texture characteristics of the two groups gradually deteriorated, and the deterioration degree of hardness, cohesion, adhesion and chewiness of EG was significantly lower than that of CK (P<0.05), and the comprehensive taste was better than CK. The pH of both groups tended to decrease and then increase. The TBARS and TVB-N values of the two groups also showed an increasing trend after multiple freeze-thaw cycles. After four freeze-thaw cycles, the TBARS and TVB-N values of CK were significantly higher than those of EG (P<0.05). During the freeze-thaw process, the electronic nose detected a continuously increasing sulfide signal (W1W, W2W). After four freeze-thaw cycles, the W1W response value of EG increased significantly less than that of CK (P<0.05), indicating that EG produced fewer sulfur-containing compounds after multiple freeze-thaw cycles. The CK held the water retention decreased to 75.85% and EG decreased to 80.93%, and the low-field NMR properties of EG were better than those of CK, and the water retention performance exhibited by T2 relaxation time was more stable. Based on various quality indicators, the degree of quality deterioration of the EG samples was significantly lower than that of the CK samples, indicating that this compound antifreeze and preservative solution can improve the texture and color of the flesh of the frozen and thawed golden pomfret, enhance water retention, and effectively maintain its commercial value. The research provides a reference for the preservation and quality maintenance of aquatic products during the circulation process.

, authors=Xiaolin WU1, 2, Tiantian ZHAO2, Wenjuan JIAO2, Jun LIU2, Fang ZHOU2, Weifeng LIU2, Yehui ZHANG2, *, Wen HUANG3, Lihua HUANG4, authorsList=Xiaolin WU, Tiantian ZHAO, Wenjuan JIAO, Jun LIU, Fang ZHOU, Weifeng LIU, Yehui ZHANG, Wen HUANG, Lihua HUANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yehui ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320882773049593920, articleId=1320882769392160813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=复配抗冻保鲜液对金鲳鱼多次冻融品质的影响, columnId=1261343846517059923, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=贮运保鲜, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探讨复配抗冻保鲜液(3.5% CS+1.5% Inulin+0.5% PPP+0.04% Nisin)对反复冻融循环中金鲳鱼品质的影响,本研究构建反复冻融模型,通过测定冻结速率、色差、持水力、新鲜度、质构特性、风味特性等品质指标,对比研究不添加抗冻保鲜液(CK)和添加含3.5% CS、1.5% Inulin、0.5% PPP和0.04% Nisin的复配抗冻保鲜液(EG)两种处理方式作用下金鲳鱼品质的变化。结果显示,EG通过最大冰晶形成带所需时间约比CK短20 min,冻融四次后,EG和CK的亮度(L*)、黄度(b*)、白度(W)均上升,其中EG的上升幅度显著低于CK(P<0.05),两组的红度(a*)不断减小。随着冻融次数增加,两组的质构特性都逐渐变差,而EG的硬度、内聚力、胶着性及咀嚼性的劣变程度均明显小于CK(P<0.05),综合口感优于CK。两组的pH均呈现先下降后上升的趋势。两组的TBARS值、TVB-N值在多次冻融后也都呈现出上升趋势,冻融四次后CK的TBARS值、TVB-N值都显著高于EG(P<0.05)。冻融过程中电子鼻检测出硫化物信号(W1W、W2W)不断增强,冻融四次后EG的W1W响应值上升幅度显著低于CK(P<0.05),EG在多次冻融后所生成的含硫化合物较少。CK持水力降至75.85%,EG降至80.93%,且EG的低磁场核磁特性优于CK,T2弛豫时间所表现出的保水性能比较稳定。综合各种品质指标,EG样品品质劣变程度明显低于CK样品,表明此复配抗冻保鲜液能够改善反复冻融后的金鲳鱼鱼肉质构色泽,提高保水性,有效保持其商品价值,研究为水产品流通过程中的保鲜保质提供参考。

, authors=吴晓琳1, 2, 赵甜甜2, 焦文娟2, 刘俊2, 周芳2, 刘伟峰2, 张业辉2, *, 黄文3, 黄利华4, authorsList=吴晓琳, 赵甜甜, 焦文娟, 刘俊, 周芳, 刘伟峰, 张业辉, 黄文, 黄利华, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张业辉, authorNote=

吴晓琳(2000−),女,硕士,研究方向:食品加工与安全,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
张业辉(1979−),男,博士,研究员,研究方向:水产品加工,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=KeSsC22Bsd0xmM/QP4t8qw==, magXml=lfoHPAn+2h6xrQxb/shEbw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=D56KdSVAMorGch7Jrlv+JQ==, pdfFileSize=2830625, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=s84qTgycynQ+dj9DuxnybA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=IUn4nUyhhjD2Bcl1Szq42Q==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320882773682933838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=747017983@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882773779402833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, authorId=1320882773682933838, language=EN, stringName=Xiaolin WU, firstName=Xiaolin, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Prefabricated Seafood Processing and Quality Control, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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2广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,农业农村部功能食品重点实验室,广东省农产品加工重点实验室,广东广州 510610, bio={"content":"

吴晓琳(2000−),女,硕士,研究方向:食品加工与安全,E-mail:

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吴晓琳(2000−),女,硕士,研究方向:食品加工与安全,E-mail:

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(A) and PCA analysis (B) during repeated freezing and thawing in different treatment groups, figureFileSmall=f3gAMUfTKmdDTh9Oar0MOQ==, figureFileBig=5YnSQ6+uBj3Kr2SSb9KDHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882779626262675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同处理组在反复冻融过程中的风味变化(A)和PCA分析(B), figureFileSmall=f3gAMUfTKmdDTh9Oar0MOQ==, figureFileBig=5YnSQ6+uBj3Kr2SSb9KDHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882779697565844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Changes in water migration (A) and percentage of water in each state (B) in repeated freezing and thawing in different treatment groups, figureFileSmall=FhP0V/pj0eHubPEE0hN6hA==, figureFileBig=Ie56NmiAdwssPLwpbsU/4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882779768869013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同处理组在反复冻融中的水分迁移(A)和各状态水分占比(B)变化, figureFileSmall=FhP0V/pj0eHubPEE0hN6hA==, figureFileBig=Ie56NmiAdwssPLwpbsU/4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882779831783574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Description of sensing performance of electronic nose

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
传感器性能描述
W1C对苯类,芳香成分灵敏
W5S对氮氧化合物很灵敏
W3C对氨类芳香成分灵敏
W6S主要对氢化物灵敏
W5C对短链烷烃芳香成分灵敏
W1S对甲基类灵敏
W1W对硫化物灵敏
W2S对醇类、醛酮类灵敏
W2W对有机硫化物灵敏
W3S对长链烷烃灵敏
), ArticleFig(id=1320882779932446871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

电子鼻传感器性能描述

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
传感器性能描述
W1C对苯类,芳香成分灵敏
W5S对氮氧化合物很灵敏
W3C对氨类芳香成分灵敏
W6S主要对氢化物灵敏
W5C对短链烷烃芳香成分灵敏
W1S对甲基类灵敏
W1W对硫化物灵敏
W2S对醇类、醛酮类灵敏
W2W对有机硫化物灵敏
W3S对长链烷烃灵敏
), ArticleFig(id=1320882780007944344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Changes in colour difference during repeated freezing and thawing in different treatment groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别指标
L*a*b*W
CKFT053.99±0.26Ad0.29±0.03Aa−0.84±0.04Ad53.98±0.26Ad
FT156.51±0.27Ac0.11±0.02Ab2.94±0.42Ac56.41±0.28Ac
FT258.42±0.48Ab−0.07±0.01Ac3.70±0.21Abc58.75±0.47Ab
FT358.24±0.03Ab−0.14±0.02Ad4.47±0.49Aab58.00±0.07Ab
FT460.98±0.73Aa−0.39±0.04Ae4.74±0.67Aa60.68±0.65Aa
EGFT050.83±0.23Be0.26±0.04Aa−1.14±0.10Be50.82±0.23Be
FT152.45±0.34Bd0.03±0.04Bb1.04±0.16Bd52.44±0.34Bd
FT254.69±0.45Bc−0.22±0.03Bc2.09±0.02Bc54.64±0.45Bc
FT355.50±0.26Bb−0.27±0.03Bc2.74±0.22Bb55.42±0.27Bb
FT457.12±0.56Ba−0.46±0.05Ad3.62±0.30Aa56.96±0.54Ba
), ArticleFig(id=1320882780096024729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同处理组在反复冻融过程中的色差变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别指标
L*a*b*W
CKFT053.99±0.26Ad0.29±0.03Aa−0.84±0.04Ad53.98±0.26Ad
FT156.51±0.27Ac0.11±0.02Ab2.94±0.42Ac56.41±0.28Ac
FT258.42±0.48Ab−0.07±0.01Ac3.70±0.21Abc58.75±0.47Ab
FT358.24±0.03Ab−0.14±0.02Ad4.47±0.49Aab58.00±0.07Ab
FT460.98±0.73Aa−0.39±0.04Ae4.74±0.67Aa60.68±0.65Aa
EGFT050.83±0.23Be0.26±0.04Aa−1.14±0.10Be50.82±0.23Be
FT152.45±0.34Bd0.03±0.04Bb1.04±0.16Bd52.44±0.34Bd
FT254.69±0.45Bc−0.22±0.03Bc2.09±0.02Bc54.64±0.45Bc
FT355.50±0.26Bb−0.27±0.03Bc2.74±0.22Bb55.42±0.27Bb
FT457.12±0.56Ba−0.46±0.05Ad3.62±0.30Aa56.96±0.54Ba
), ArticleFig(id=1320882780200882330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Changes in texture during repeated freezing and thawing in different treatment groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别质构特性
硬度弹性内聚力胶着性咀嚼性
CKFT0737.50±7.89Ba0.95±0.01Aa0.47±0.01Aa328.73±1.92Ba326.97±12.84Ba
FT1358.17±8.88Bb0.92±0.02Aa0.42±0.02Bb197.25±10.61Bb172.69±2.43Bb
FT2318.06±11.78Bc0.87±0.03Ab0.37±0.02Bc170.73±2.97Bc160.17±3.63Bb
FT3291.21±3.85Bd0.84±0.02Ab0.36±0.02Ad150.62±2.04Bd141.94±3.18Bc
FT4276.49±4.25Bd0.76±0.02Ac0.25±0.02Be122.08±5.99Be117.40±2.88Bd
EGFT0760.94±2.85Aa0.96±0.01Aa0.48±0.01Aa339.03±8.47Aa332.18±9.66Aa
FT1418.83±9.70Ab0.95±0.02Aa0.46±0.01Ab217.85±10.93Ab194.71±8.83Ab
FT2385.25±6.05Ac0.89±0.02Ab0.42±0.02Ac177.70±6.97Ac174.37±5.24Ac
FT3333.02±3.79Ad0.85±0.02Ac0.41±0.03Ad157.83±3.48Ad148.98±8.63Ad
FT4309.98±8.47Ae0.79±0.03Ad0.32±0.01Ad145.68±3.96Ad130.57±9.78Ae
), ArticleFig(id=1320882780339294363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882769392160813, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同处理组在反复冻融过程中的质构变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别质构特性
硬度弹性内聚力胶着性咀嚼性
CKFT0737.50±7.89Ba0.95±0.01Aa0.47±0.01Aa328.73±1.92Ba326.97±12.84Ba
FT1358.17±8.88Bb0.92±0.02Aa0.42±0.02Bb197.25±10.61Bb172.69±2.43Bb
FT2318.06±11.78Bc0.87±0.03Ab0.37±0.02Bc170.73±2.97Bc160.17±3.63Bb
FT3291.21±3.85Bd0.84±0.02Ab0.36±0.02Ad150.62±2.04Bd141.94±3.18Bc
FT4276.49±4.25Bd0.76±0.02Ac0.25±0.02Be122.08±5.99Be117.40±2.88Bd
EGFT0760.94±2.85Aa0.96±0.01Aa0.48±0.01Aa339.03±8.47Aa332.18±9.66Aa
FT1418.83±9.70Ab0.95±0.02Aa0.46±0.01Ab217.85±10.93Ab194.71±8.83Ab
FT2385.25±6.05Ac0.89±0.02Ab0.42±0.02Ac177.70±6.97Ac174.37±5.24Ac
FT3333.02±3.79Ad0.85±0.02Ac0.41±0.03Ad157.83±3.48Ad148.98±8.63Ad
FT4309.98±8.47Ae0.79±0.03Ad0.32±0.01Ad145.68±3.96Ad130.57±9.78Ae
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复配抗冻保鲜液对金鲳鱼多次冻融品质的影响
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吴晓琳 1, 2 , 赵甜甜 2 , 焦文娟 2 , 刘俊 2 , 周芳 2 , 刘伟峰 2 , 张业辉 2, * , 黄文 3 , 黄利华 4
食品工业科技 | 贮运保鲜 2026,47(10): 365-373
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食品工业科技 |贮运保鲜 2026 , 47 (10) : 365 -373
复配抗冻保鲜液对金鲳鱼多次冻融品质的影响
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吴晓琳1, 2 , 赵甜甜2, 焦文娟2, 刘俊2, 周芳2, 刘伟峰2, 张业辉2, * , 黄文3, 黄利华4
作者信息
  • 1广东海洋大学食品科技学院,广东省水产品加工与安全重点实验室,广东省海洋生物制品工程实验室,广东省海洋食品工程技术研究中心,广东省水产预制食品加工与品质控制工程技术研究中心,广东湛江 524088
  • 2广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,农业农村部功能食品重点实验室,广东省农产品加工重点实验室,广东广州 510610
  • 3广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,广东广州 510645
  • 4广州城市职业学院食品健康学院,广东广州 510405
通讯作者:
张业辉(1979−),男,博士,研究员,研究方向:水产品加工,E-mail:。
作者简介:

吴晓琳(2000−),女,硕士,研究方向:食品加工与安全,E-mail:

Effect of Compounding Antifreeze Preservation Solution on Quality Changes of Golden Pomfret (Trachinotus ovatus) to Multiple Freeze-thaw Cycles
Xiaolin WU1, 2 , Tiantian ZHAO2, Wenjuan JIAO2, Jun LIU2, Fang ZHOU2, Weifeng LIU2, Yehui ZHANG2, * , Wen HUANG3, Lihua HUANG4
Affiliations
  • 1College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Prefabricated Seafood Processing and Quality Control, Zhanjiang 524088, China
  • 2Sericulture & Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
  • 3Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510645, China
  • 4School of Food Health, Guangzhou City Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510405, China
出版时间: 2026-05-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050056
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为探讨复配抗冻保鲜液(3.5% CS+1.5% Inulin+0.5% PPP+0.04% Nisin)对反复冻融循环中金鲳鱼品质的影响,本研究构建反复冻融模型,通过测定冻结速率、色差、持水力、新鲜度、质构特性、风味特性等品质指标,对比研究不添加抗冻保鲜液(CK)和添加含3.5% CS、1.5% Inulin、0.5% PPP和0.04% Nisin的复配抗冻保鲜液(EG)两种处理方式作用下金鲳鱼品质的变化。结果显示,EG通过最大冰晶形成带所需时间约比CK短20 min,冻融四次后,EG和CK的亮度(L*)、黄度(b*)、白度(W)均上升,其中EG的上升幅度显著低于CK(P<0.05),两组的红度(a*)不断减小。随着冻融次数增加,两组的质构特性都逐渐变差,而EG的硬度、内聚力、胶着性及咀嚼性的劣变程度均明显小于CK(P<0.05),综合口感优于CK。两组的pH均呈现先下降后上升的趋势。两组的TBARS值、TVB-N值在多次冻融后也都呈现出上升趋势,冻融四次后CK的TBARS值、TVB-N值都显著高于EG(P<0.05)。冻融过程中电子鼻检测出硫化物信号(W1W、W2W)不断增强,冻融四次后EG的W1W响应值上升幅度显著低于CK(P<0.05),EG在多次冻融后所生成的含硫化合物较少。CK持水力降至75.85%,EG降至80.93%,且EG的低磁场核磁特性优于CK,T2弛豫时间所表现出的保水性能比较稳定。综合各种品质指标,EG样品品质劣变程度明显低于CK样品,表明此复配抗冻保鲜液能够改善反复冻融后的金鲳鱼鱼肉质构色泽,提高保水性,有效保持其商品价值,研究为水产品流通过程中的保鲜保质提供参考。

冻融循环  /  金鲳鱼  /  品质变化  /  菊粉  /  海藻糖

In order to explore the effect of compound antifreeze preservation liquid (3.5% CS+1.5% Inulin+0.5% PPP+0.04% Nisin) on the quality of golden pomfret in repeated freeze-thaw cycles, this study constructed a repeated freeze-thaw model, and compared the changes in the quality of golden pomfret under two treatment conditions: Without the addition of antifreeze and preservative solution (CK) and with the addition of a compound antifreeze and preservative solution composed of 3.5% CS, 1.5% Inulin, 0.5% PPP and 0.04% Nisin (EG) through the determination of the freezing rate, colour difference, water-holding capacity, freshness, texture characteristics, flavour characteristics, and other quality indexes. The results showed that the time required for EG to form the maximum ice crystal zone was about 20 minutes shorter than CK. After four freeze-thaw cycles, the brightness (L*), yellowness (b*), and whiteness (W) of both EG and CK increased, with the increase in EG being significantly lower than CK (P<0.05), and the redness (a*) of both groups continuously decreased. With the increase of the number of freeze-thaw times, the texture characteristics of the two groups gradually deteriorated, and the deterioration degree of hardness, cohesion, adhesion and chewiness of EG was significantly lower than that of CK (P<0.05), and the comprehensive taste was better than CK. The pH of both groups tended to decrease and then increase. The TBARS and TVB-N values of the two groups also showed an increasing trend after multiple freeze-thaw cycles. After four freeze-thaw cycles, the TBARS and TVB-N values of CK were significantly higher than those of EG (P<0.05). During the freeze-thaw process, the electronic nose detected a continuously increasing sulfide signal (W1W, W2W). After four freeze-thaw cycles, the W1W response value of EG increased significantly less than that of CK (P<0.05), indicating that EG produced fewer sulfur-containing compounds after multiple freeze-thaw cycles. The CK held the water retention decreased to 75.85% and EG decreased to 80.93%, and the low-field NMR properties of EG were better than those of CK, and the water retention performance exhibited by T2 relaxation time was more stable. Based on various quality indicators, the degree of quality deterioration of the EG samples was significantly lower than that of the CK samples, indicating that this compound antifreeze and preservative solution can improve the texture and color of the flesh of the frozen and thawed golden pomfret, enhance water retention, and effectively maintain its commercial value. The research provides a reference for the preservation and quality maintenance of aquatic products during the circulation process.

freeze-thaw cycles  /  golden pomfret  /  quality changes  /  inulin  /  trehalose
吴晓琳, 赵甜甜, 焦文娟, 刘俊, 周芳, 刘伟峰, 张业辉, 黄文, 黄利华. 复配抗冻保鲜液对金鲳鱼多次冻融品质的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (10) : 365 -373 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050056
Xiaolin WU, Tiantian ZHAO, Wenjuan JIAO, Jun LIU, Fang ZHOU, Weifeng LIU, Yehui ZHANG, Wen HUANG, Lihua HUANG. Effect of Compounding Antifreeze Preservation Solution on Quality Changes of Golden Pomfret (Trachinotus ovatus) to Multiple Freeze-thaw Cycles[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (10) : 365 -373 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050056
金鲳鱼(Trachinotus ovatus),学名卵形鲳鲹,是我国重要的高经济价值海水鱼类。据《中国渔业统计年鉴2024》,2023年我国金鲳鱼海水养殖产量高达约292.6万吨。金鲳鱼肌间无刺、肉质细嫩、味道鲜美、营养丰富,同时富含优质蛋白质、维生素及必需脂肪酸(包括不饱和脂肪酸),可以预防心血管疾病等[1]。金鲳鱼是我国近海养殖的重要鱼类之一,产地主要是广东、广西和浙江等省份,内陆市场的金鲳鱼则需从沿海产地运送。因此物流过程中良好的冷冻贮藏条件是保障金鲳鱼品质及货架期的重要措施[2−3]。
在冷链物流运输和销售的过程中,难以避免出现温度波动,这可能导致水产品反复冻融引起品质变化。有研究发现,白鲢鱼肉反复冻融五次后,鱼肉发黄,质构特性下降,鱼肉松散绵软,感官品质变得不可接受[4];周结倩[5]研究发现随着冻融次数增多,冰晶对金鲳鱼肌肉细胞结构的损害加大,导致汁液流失严重,鱼肉弹性降低,口感变差。此外,反复冻融过程中鱼肉细胞间液易发生重结晶,导致肌肉细胞结构破坏,蛋白质结构中的化学键断裂,引起鱼肉加速氧化和蛋白质变性[6]。研究表明反复冻融会导致带鱼自由水含量显著降低,微观结构中的纤维结构网间隙扩大,水分流失的同时核苷酸、氨基酸等营养成分也发生流失[7]。反复冻融引起的品质变化会导致鱼肉的食用价值下降。因此,提高金鲳鱼在反复冻融条件下的抗冻性能和品质稳定性非常重要。
目前常用的天然保鲜物质有乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)、多酚等。研究表明加入0.22% Nisin的黑鲈鱼在贮藏过程中微生物生长受到抑制,品质劣变得到控制[8];冷冻鱼饼中加入石榴多酚能够延缓脂质氧化,抑制微生物生长,保质期延长至11 d[9]。除了要减缓脂质氧化、蛋白分解及微生物作用对鱼肉保鲜带来的不利影响,还要减缓冰晶重结晶对鱼肉肌肉结构的破坏。菊粉(Inulin)和海藻糖(Chitosan,CS)都是良好的天然抗冻剂,并且这两种物质都具有低糖特性,对人体健康不会造成负担;HUANG等[10]、ZHANG等[11]研究发现海藻糖在一定程度上能抑制冰晶的重结晶现象,有效减缓水产品的品质劣变;添加菊粉处理能在一定程度上减少冰晶对冷鲜猪肉[12]及鲢鱼鱼糜[13]中肌肉细胞的损害,延长货架期,保持较好的品质;有研究发现利用菊粉、海藻糖复配处理可提高虾蛄肌原纤维蛋白功能特性,有利于维持肌原纤维蛋白结构的稳定性[14]。但目前菊粉与海藻糖复配应用于金鲳鱼冻融品质保鲜的相关研究较少。本文选取海藻糖(3.5%,w/v)、1.5%菊粉(1.5%,w/v)、0.5%石榴皮多酚(Pomegranate peel polyphenols,PPP)(0.5%,w/v)和0.04%乳酸链球菌素(0.04%,w/v)复配的抗冻保鲜液,通过构建反复冻融模型,测定金鲳鱼的冻结速率、水分、新鲜度、质构特性、风味特性等品质指标,以研究复配抗冻保鲜液对反复冻融金鲳鱼品质的影响,为实际应用中保障金鲳鱼品质提供一定的理论依据。
鲜活金鲳鱼(均重500±50 g) 购自广州盒马生鲜超市,以含氧保水包装运输,在1 h内到达实验室;海藻糖 食品级,国药集团化学试剂有限公司; 菊粉 食品级,郑州金诺生物科技公司;石榴皮多酚 食品级,西安米舍纳生物科技有限公司;乳酸链球菌 食品级,浙江银翔生物工程有限公司;硼酸、甲基红、溴甲酚绿、碳酸钾、盐酸、乙醇、三氯乙酸、硫代巴比妥酸、乙二胺四乙酸二钠 分析纯,广州化学试剂厂。
CR-400色差仪 日本CHROMA METER公司;CT-3质构仪 美国Brookfield公司;XHF-DY高速均质机 中国Scientz公司;UV-1800紫外-可见分光光度计 日本SHIMMADZ公司;NMI20-040H-I低场核磁共振仪 中国上海新脉医疗科技有限公司;TC-08 热电偶数据记录器 英国Pico Technology公司。
取800 mL蒸馏水,加热至50 ℃,加入35 g CS,搅拌至完全溶解后加入15 g Inulin,搅拌至完全溶解得到透明溶液;待冷却至室温后,加入5 g PPP,搅拌至均匀溶解;后取0.4 g Nisin于少量蒸馏水中溶解,并将其加入至前面所配制的CS-PPP溶液中,混合均匀后定容至1000 mL,pH调节至5.0,避光4 ℃储存。
将鲜活的金鲳鱼去头去尾去内脏后取肉,用冷水将血渍和异物清洗干净,沥干水分。将清洗干净的金鲳鱼鱼柳在质量1:10的复配抗冻保鲜液中浸渍30 min,取出轻拭表面水分,对照组即用清水浸泡。浸泡后分别用食品保鲜袋包装。具体模拟反复冻融过程如图1所示,全部样品包装完成后放置−20 ℃冷冻贮藏4 d,后取出移至4 ℃解冻1 d,即为一次冻融循环(FT1)结束。不添加抗冻保鲜液(CK)和添加复配抗冻保鲜液(EG)均进行4次冻融循环。
使用热电偶数据记录仪采集样品在冷冻过程中的温度变化。将温度传感器探针插入金鲳鱼鱼块的几何中心,以获得一致的初始温度,然后将其转移到−20±2 ℃的冰箱中进行完全冷冻。使用实时温度监控器在纸上记录样品每分钟的温度变化。
将冻融循环结束后的样品取出,在室温中放置30 min后,使用色差仪测定色差,使用前用白色校准板进行校准,然后对金鲳鱼表面进行色差采集,记录L*(亮度)、a*(红色)、b*(黄色)值并重复测定五次,白度(W)计算公式如下:
$ {{W}}=100-\sqrt{\text{(100}-{{{{L}}^{\text{*}}})}^{\text{2}}+{{{{a}}^{\text{*}}}}^{\text{2}}+{{{{b}}^{\text{*}}}}^{\text{2}}} $
称取5 g样品,记录数据m1(g),用双层定性滤纸包裹完全后放入离心管中,设置转速4000 r/min离心10 min,取出离心后的鱼肉称重,记录数据m2(g),持水力的计算公式如下:
$ 持水力(\text{%})=\frac{{\text{m}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{m}}_{\text{1}}}\text{×100} $
取5 g剁碎的金鲳鱼肉样品放置烧杯,加45 mL蒸馏水,用高速均质机8000 r/min均质1 min,静置15 min,用pH计进行测定。
参考GB 5009.181-2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中丙二醛的测定》规定的方法进行测定。
参考GB 5009.228-2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中挥发性盐基氮的测定》规定的微量扩散法。
参考袁可怡等[15]的方法。在冻融循环结束后,将背肌样品切成2×2×2 cm3的方块,使用平底圆柱形P/5探头,设定为TPA测定模式。
取5 g金鲳鱼肉于烧杯中,用两层保鲜膜完全封盖烧杯口,室温放置30 min后进行电子鼻模拟测定。测定条件:内部流量300 mL/min,顶空温度25 ℃,时间120 s。表1是电子鼻各传感通道的性能描述。
水分分布测定参考WEI等[16]的方法,采用低场核磁共振仪进行测量。将样品切成细长条,用吸水纸吸干表面水分,用保鲜膜包缠完整,放入仪器中。参数设置:共振频率100 kHz,磁体温度32 ℃,回波个数NECH=17000,重复扫描4次,用 CPMG脉冲序列记录样品的横向弛豫时间T2。弛豫时间T2分布通过MultiExpInv软件制得。
实验结果取三次重复实验的平均值,用平均值±标准差表示。实验数据用Excel软件进行处理,数据方差分析使用SPSS软件进行分析,使用Origin 2024软件绘图。
冻结速率曲线图可以反映出温度波动、冻结速率、冻结点等相关冻结特性[17]。食品冻结一般分成三个阶段:第一阶段为预冷阶段,鱼体温度降至冰点,这个阶段温度下降是以显热释放为主,降温速度快;第二阶段为最大冰晶形成阶段,是指鱼体温度从冰点降至−5 ℃,约80%的水分会在此阶段冻结,释放大量潜热,这个阶段的温度下降速率变缓,此阶段是影响鱼肉质地的关键阶段,更快通过此阶段对鱼体肌肉细胞的影响会减小;第三阶段为冻结完成阶段,此时主要是余下20%的水分(结合水或难冻结水)在此阶段进行冻结,而潜热释放减少,温度下降速率回快。
结合图2冻结曲线以及最大冰晶形成区局部放大图分析可知,添加了复配抗冻保鲜液组(EG)通过最大冰晶形成带的速率较不添加抗冻保鲜液组(CK)快,EG通过此阶段的时间仅用了99 min,而CK用时125 min,说明经复配抗冻保鲜液处理的鱼肉在冻藏期间经过最大冰晶形成区所需时间显著缩短。有研究使用海藻糖和菊粉处理鱼糜后测定其冻结速率,发现经过最大冰晶形成区所需时间比空白组短,且冰晶生长速度更快,冰晶尺寸更小,对细胞损伤更小[13,18]。本研究结果显示CK鱼肉的冰点为−0.33 ℃,而EG的冰点为−0.52 ℃,这表明复配抗冻保鲜液中的海藻糖和菊粉两种低温保护剂能够显著降低鱼肉冰点,减少冷冻所需的潜热,这可能是由于海藻糖和菊粉均可与水形成氢键从而降低晶体成核的温度[19−20],此外,食品冰点随固体含量和摩尔量的增大而降低[21]。EG固体含量和摩尔浓度高于CK,因此EG鱼肉冰点相对较低。以上研究表明,此复配抗冻保鲜液在降低鱼肉冷冻温度及减缓冰晶生长方面均有成效,明显提高了金鲳鱼在反复冻融中的抗冻性能。
颜色变化是一种能够更加直观反映肉类新鲜程度和品质变化的方法。在反复冻融期间,金鲳鱼肌肉的颜色会因脂质氧化和色素降解而发生改变,降低了消费者的可接受性[22]。新鲜金鲳鱼鱼肉呈现纯净的乳白色,鱼肉组织间带有少许鲜红色,颜色均匀,没有任何发黄发绿现象,肉质水润光泽。从表2可知,随着冻融次数增加,CK和EG的a*值(红度)呈现显著下降趋势(P<0.05),而L*值(亮度)、b*值(黄度)、W(白度)持续升高(P<0.05),表明反复冻融后鱼肉变质发黄,新鲜度降低。L*值变化可以表征肌肉水分迁移和流失,反复冻融期间CK的L*值始终显著高于EG(P<0.05),这可能是因为CK的水分迁移程度高,组织间自由水含量增多。此外反复冻融会使金鲳鱼肌肉组织结构破坏,水分迁移到鱼肉表面引起光反射率增大,L*值升高[23],而复配抗冻保鲜液中含有高保水性的海藻糖、菊粉,可减少肌肉解冻后的水分流失,降低水分迁移程度。a*值通常与肉类中的肌红蛋白氧化有关,冻融四次后,CK和EG样品a*值均降低,可能是因为鱼肉中的亚铁肌红蛋白暴露氧化转变为高铁肌红蛋白,鱼肉红度降低[24]。b*值的升高提示棕黄色色素生成,与脂质氧化密切相关[25]。EG的b*值始终低于CK,说明金鲳鱼肌肉中棕黄色色素生成量较低,与TBARS测定中冻融四次后EG的脂质氧化程度较低结果一致,可能与复配抗冻保鲜液中的多酚成分能够减缓脂质氧化有关。
肉类的持水力是评判品质的重要指标之一,直接关系到肉类的质地、颜色、风味等[26]。由图3可知,新鲜金鲳鱼的持水力在90%~91%间,随着冻融次数增加,CK和EG的持水力均显著下降(P<0.05)。持水力的下降代表肌肉束缚水分的能力减弱。在多次冻融过程中冰晶反复形成引起肌肉中的水分重新分布,冰晶破坏组织结构导致肌原纤维结构间隙无法锁水[27]。在冻融四次后,CK的持水力下降至75.85%±0.59%,EG下降至80.93%±0.86%,表明EG的金鲳鱼肉持水效果显著优于CK(P<0.05),其可能与菊粉、海藻糖复配协同增强肌原纤维蛋白结构稳定有关。海藻糖可稳定肌原纤维蛋白防止其聚集变性[14],同时菊粉可对肌原纤维蛋白中氢键、二硫键起到增强复合效果[28],提高其结构稳定。因此,复配抗冻保鲜液能较好保持鱼肉肌肉细胞结构的完整性,减少水分流失,减缓反复冻融过程中金鲳鱼持水力的下降。
pH作为评判水产品新鲜度的主要指标之一,能够直接反映肌肉组织的代谢状态和新鲜程度[29]。相关研究表明,在贮藏初期,糖原在无氧环境下会发生酵解产生乳酸、磷酸等酸性物质,此时pH会降至最低点[30]。金鲳鱼pH变化如图4所示。新鲜的金鲳鱼pH范围为6.60~6.62,在四次冻融循环期间,CK和EG的pH均呈现先下降后上升的趋势,CK在首次冻融后pH降至最低点6.48±0.05,而EG至第二次冻融pH才降至最低点6.48±0.04,这可能是因为菊粉的强持水能力延缓了鱼肉中水分流失,减少氢离子释出,随着冻融次数增加,微生物繁殖分解蛋白质,产生碱性物质导致pH回升;同时内源酶在弱酸条件下活性增强,使酶促反应加快,鱼肉中蛋白质降解生成挥发性碱性含氮物质从而使pH上升[8,31]。最终CK样品的pH回升至6.81±0.02,EG的pH仅回升至6.67±0.02,则可能是因为EG中乳酸链球菌素的抑菌作用及石榴皮多酚的抗氧化作用共同减少了碱性代谢物的产生从而减缓冻融金鲳鱼pH上升。
金鲳鱼富含多不饱和脂肪酸,其被氧化后会形成氢过氧化物和丙二醛等二级产物,这些二级产物的含量可通过TBARS值量化,是衡量脂质氧化的重要指标[32],TBARS值越高表示水产品脂质氧化程度愈严重。由图5可知,新鲜金鲳鱼的TBARS值约为0.05±0.01 mg MDA/kg,而随着冻融次数增加,两种处理方式的金鲳鱼TBARS值都呈现出显著变化(P<0.05),这是因为在反复冻融过程中冰晶的不断形成对鱼体肌肉细胞结构造成机械损害,导致细胞内的氧化酶和血红素铁释出,加快脂质氧化[7]。在冻融四次后,CK组TBARS值为0.23±0.01 mg MDA/kg,EG组为0.18±0.01 mg MDA/kg,EG的脂质氧化程度小于CK,一方面是由于海藻糖的玻璃态特性与菊粉的强持水力结合形成物理屏障,减少冻融过程中氧气渗透,减少冰晶生长对细胞膜的机械损伤,从而抑制肌红蛋白中的促氧化物质的释放[13,20,33];另一方面,石榴皮多酚作为天然抗氧化剂能够清除自由基显著延缓脂质过氧化链式反应,减少脂质过氧化产物的生成,从而降低TBARS值。
挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)作为水产品品质劣变的关键生化指标,其浓度变化与微生物代谢活动存在显著正相关。根据SC/T 3103-2010《鲜、冻鲳鱼》[34]规定:TVB-N含量<18 mg/100 g为一级鲜度,18 mg/100 g≤TVB-N含量<30 mg/100 g为二级鲜度。当TVB-N含量超过二级鲜度时,一般认为不可食用。图6显示,新鲜金鲳鱼的TVB-N值范围为7.59~7.62 mg/100 g,随着冻融次数的增加,微生物和内源酶共同作用导致蛋白质分解生成含氮化合物,金鲳鱼的TVB-N值显著上升(P<0.05)。冻融循环四次结束后,CK组TVB-N值为15.94±0.18 mg/100 g,EG组为13.02±0.12 mg/100 g。EG在冻融二次后TVB-N值与CK冻融一次后的TVB-N值接近,EG的TVB-N值增长幅度较为平缓,是由于EG的冻结速率相对较快,减少了冰晶对鱼体肌肉组织结构的破坏,有效阻止微生物附着点的暴露从而延缓腐败微生物的增殖,且EG中的石榴皮多酚以及乳酸链球菌素均有抑菌功效,可以抑制鱼肉中的细菌生长繁殖速率[9,35]。
口感是消费者挑选肉制品时的重要标准。新鲜鱼肉紧实富有弹性,水润不黏手,而在反复冻融过程中,冰晶的重结晶会导致鱼肉细胞的机械损伤,加剧蛋白质变性,减弱细胞间结合力,从而使肌肉硬度与弹性下降,最终影响产品品质[5]。由表3可知,随着冻融次数增加,两种处理方式的金鲳鱼质构特性均呈下降趋势,表明金鲳鱼在多次冻融后质地变差,口感下降。与新鲜鱼肉相比,冻融4次后CK硬度下降62.50%,EG降低59.30%,EG硬度始终高于CK(P<0.05),这可能是因为复配抗冻保鲜液中的海藻糖与鱼肉中的蛋白质结合,减轻了冰晶对细胞结构的损伤;同时,保鲜液中石榴皮多酚可通过交联作用稳定金鲳鱼蛋白结构[36],减缓鱼肉质地变软。与新鲜时相比,反复冻融后的鱼肉弹性下降,复配抗冻保鲜液处理对其影响较小(P>0.05)。内聚力方面,CK和EG分别下降了46.80%、33.30%,说明保鲜液能更好维持肌肉蛋白相互作用(P<0.05)。胶着性反映鱼肉的紧实程度,与鱼肉脂质含量相关[15]。冻融4次后,EG的胶着性(145.68±3.96)显著(P<0.05)高于CK(122.08±5.99),表明CK的鱼肉松散软烂,EG鱼肉更加紧实,这可能与复配抗冻保鲜液中的多酚抑制脂质氧化有关。咀嚼性方面,冻融4次后,CK较新鲜时下降64.10%,EG仅降低60.70%,表明EG处理的鱼肉更具嚼劲,口感更佳。复配抗冻保鲜液中各组分的协同作用共同提升了金鲳鱼在冻融过程中的肉质稳定性,减缓鱼肉质地劣化。
风味物质变化可表征鱼肉新鲜度变化[37]。新鲜的鱼肉会散发出极淡的青草味、鲜腥味(非腥臭味)。而随着贮藏时间增加,由蛋白质、脂质氧化分解产生的氮氧化物、硫化物等成分的含量不断增加,释放刺鼻异味,标志着鱼肉开始腐败[38]。电子鼻分析结果如图7A所示。在贮藏期间,鱼肉气味开始变得不可接受,传感器W1W、W2W、W5S、W1S的响应值不断上升,其中W1W响应值明显升高,而W1C、W3C在贮藏过程中的响应值逐渐降低,这表明在贮藏期间可能产生了含硫化合物、氮氧化物和甲烷类物质,与LI等[39]研究竹荚鱼品质货架期时电子鼻结果的趋势一致。在冻融四次后,CK的W1W传感器响应值较新鲜鱼肉增加了347.68%,鱼肉品质明显下降,而EG样品各传感器响应值均低于CK样品,上升趋势较为平缓,这是由于复配抗冻保鲜液中的石榴皮多酚具有高抗氧化活性,具有较好的超氧阴离子清除效果[40],减少了鱼肉脂质氧化;同时乳酸链球菌素能通过抑制腐败菌分泌硫酸盐等还原酶,有效减少硫化物的产生[41],使鱼肉在反复冻融后整体气味相对更好。主成分分析如图7B所示。第一主成分(PC1)和第二主成分(PC2)的贡献率分别为64.30%和23.00%,总贡献率为87.30%,表明该结果能充分表征冻融金鲳鱼的气味特征。从图7B可以看出,CK各样品的散点位置分散,且随着冻融次数增多,沿PC2轴显著上移,说明在贮藏过程中金鲳鱼鱼肉挥发性气味差异较大,品质不稳定;而EG各样品散点位置较为集中,冻融四次后的散点位置与新鲜的偏移较小,说明复配抗冻保鲜液处理鱼肉能使其挥发性气味变化在贮藏过程中相对稳定。
横向弛豫时间T2可反映样品中氢质子所受束缚力大小及分布状况[42]。图8A显示的是CK、EG的金鲳鱼在不同冻融次数下的水分分布情况。图中显示该弛豫信号曲线有三个峰值,其中第一个峰为T21(0~10 ms),通常代表的是结合水,这部分与蛋白质等大分子结合紧密,弛豫时间最短;第二个峰为T22(10~100 ms),是不易流动水,位于肌原纤维内部,可反映鱼肉结构的保水能力,是占比最大的水分形式;第三个峰为T23(100~1000 ms),是自由水,存在于细胞间隙,容易流动[43]。图中显示CK和EG的T21峰随着冻融次数增加不断向右偏移且峰值减小,这与图8B各状态水分占比图变化趋势一致,引起该趋势的原因是蛋白质结构被破坏,蛋白质大分子与水结合能力下降,结合水被释放;不易流动水是金鲳鱼水分的最主要形态,新鲜金鲳鱼中不易流动水占比能高达97.00%,图中显示,CK的T22峰在第二次冻融开始就出现比较大的变化波动,直至第四次冻融结束T22峰值明显降低,该形态水分的占比也降至93.51%,而EG在第三次冻融开始才开始有明显下降,占比降至95.90%,这可能是由于复配抗冻保鲜液能够保护金鲳鱼肉中的肌原纤维结构,减少蛋白破坏裸露,在一定程度上提高与水的结合力[44]。另一方面在冻结过程中,EG的冻结速率快于CK,细胞间隙中形成的冰晶小,对细胞膜的损伤小,减少细胞内物质在解冻过程中的流失;同时,T23峰持续向右偏移,并且峰值上升,冻融四次结束CK与EG的自由水占比分别升至5.23%、2.86%,这是由于结构破坏加速了结合水和不易流动水向自由水转化,对于自由水的束缚减小,流动性更高[45]。
本研究使用海藻糖(3.5%,w/v)、菊粉(1.5%,w/v)、石榴皮多酚(0.3%,w/v)和乳酸链球菌素(0.04%,w/v)复配而成的抗冻保鲜液,通过分析冻结速率、感官风味、质构特性以及理化性质等指标,探究了复配抗冻保鲜液在反复冻融过程中对金鲳鱼品质的影响。总体而言,复配抗冻保鲜液处理后的金鲳鱼在冻结速率、色泽质构、持水力、TBARS、TVB-N等指标结果均优于不添加抗冻保鲜液处理。复配抗冻保鲜液可使金鲳鱼鱼肉中水分通过最大冰晶形成区的速度相对更快,有效减轻冰晶对鱼肉肌肉细胞的破坏,显著提高反复冻融后的鱼肉保水性,经复配抗冻保鲜液处理后的鱼肉持水力比未处理的鱼肉高5.08%,使冻融金鲳鱼的口感、色泽在多次冻融后仍保持在可接受范围内;此外,复配抗冻保鲜液显著降低鱼肉反复冻融后脂质、蛋白质的氧化程度,复配抗冻保鲜液处理的鱼肉的TVB-N值比无保鲜液处理低2.92 mg/100 g,同时也说明了复配抗冻保鲜液能减少反复冻融鱼肉中不良风味的形成,延缓鱼肉变质。综合各指标结果表明,复配抗冻保鲜液在延缓反复冻融条件下金鲳鱼品质劣变有较好的效果,该研究结果符合绿色健康保鲜技术发展趋势,可为开发冷冻水产品天然保鲜剂提供新思路,为提高冷冻水产品保鲜效果提供理论依据。

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2026年第47卷第10期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050056
  • 接收时间:2025-05-12
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-05-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12
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    1广东海洋大学食品科技学院,广东省水产品加工与安全重点实验室,广东省海洋生物制品工程实验室,广东省海洋食品工程技术研究中心,广东省水产预制食品加工与品质控制工程技术研究中心,广东湛江 524088
    2广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,农业农村部功能食品重点实验室,广东省农产品加工重点实验室,广东广州 510610
    3广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,广东广州 510645
    4广州城市职业学院食品健康学院,广东广州 510405

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张业辉(1979−),男,博士,研究员,研究方向:水产品加工,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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