Article(id=1320176072306574286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320175721343987874, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040027, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743609600000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792684103322, onlineDateStr=2026-10-22, pubDate=1781452800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792684103322, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792684103322, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792684103322, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320175721343987874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='517', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1781452800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792684019647, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792684019647, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=294, endPage=303, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320176075410359248, articleId=1320176072306574286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Adaptability of Different Tea Cultivar for Producing Flower-Fruit-scented TanYang Congou Black Tea, columnId=1261343843585241413, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Analysis and Determination, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To investigate the processing adaptability of the main tea varieties cultivated in the Fuan region of Fujian for producing flower-fruit-scented TanYang congou black tea, 'Jin Mudan', 'Meizhan', 'Huang Guanyin', 'Fuyun 6', ' Fuyun 7', 'Fuan Caicha', 'Jin Guanyin' and 'Fuding Dahao' eight local tea varieties were selected in this study. Based on sensory evaluation and metabolite analysis, the potential for producing flower-fruit-scented TanYang congou black tea was assessed using a combination of hierarchical analysis based on gray relational analysis, membership function method and entropy-weighted TOPSIS method. The results showed that the black tea prepared from the fresh leaves of 'Jin Mudan' variety demonstrated the highest (92.45 scores) in the sensory evaluations, and the content of theanine, caffeine, EGCG, EGC and EC was 26.44, 42.64, 10.21, 8.66 and 2.21 g/kg, respectively. Furthermore, 70 volatile compounds were detected, and alcohols accounted for 57.36% with geraniol and linalool being particularly abundant. The analysis using the gray relational method and membership function method indicated that 'Jin Mudan' was located close to but not completely overlapping with Fuding Daba and 'Fuan Caicha', that highlighting its uniqueness, while 'Meizhan' showed some overlap with 'Fuyun 6' and 'Fuyun 7'. 'Jin Mudan', with its rich internal compounds and excellent sensory quality, demonstrates significant varietal advantages in the processing of flower-fruit-scented TanYang congou black tea, providing important scientific evidence for optimizing variety selection and quality control.

, authors=Miaoqin XIE1, 2, Di ZHOU2, Haojie XU2, Miaozhu XIE3, Fanlu KONG3, Haibo LI1, Huimei CAI2, Daxiang LI2, Xiaochun WAN2, Chuanyi PENG2, *, authorsList=Miaoqin XIE, Di ZHOU, Haojie XU, Miaozhu XIE, Fanlu KONG, Haibo LI, Huimei CAI, Daxiang LI, Xiaochun WAN, Chuanyi PENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Chuanyi PENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320176076987417567, articleId=1320176072306574286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的适制性, columnId=1261343846139572559, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=分析检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究福建福安地区主要栽培茶树品种对花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的适制性。本研究选取了‘金牡丹’、‘梅占’、‘黄观音’、‘福云六号’、‘福云七号’、‘福安菜茶’、‘金观音’和‘福鼎大毫’8个当地主栽茶树品种,根据感官审评和代谢物质分析,并综合层次分析赋权、灰色关联度法、隶属函数法及熵权TOPSIS法,对其适制花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的潜力进行了评估。结果表明:感官审评中,以‘金牡丹’茶树品种鲜叶制备的红茶得分最高(92.45分),其茶氨酸含量为26.44 g/kg,咖啡碱42.64 g/kg,EGCG 10.21 g/kg,EGC 8.66 g/kg,EC 2.21 g/kg,并检测出70种挥发性化合物,其中醇类物质占比57.36%,香叶醇与芳樟醇相对含量尤为丰富。灰色关联度法和隶属函数法的分析表明,‘金牡丹’与福鼎大毫、‘福安菜茶’的分布位置相近却不完全重叠,凸显了其独特性,而‘梅占’与‘福云六号’、‘福云七号’的分布存在一定的重叠现象。‘金牡丹’凭借其丰富的内含物质和优异的感官品质,在适制花果香型坦洋工夫红茶方面展现出显著的品种优势,为优化品种选择与品质调控提供了重要的科学依据。

, authors=谢妙琴1, 2, 周娣2, 徐好杰2, 谢妙珠3, 孔凡鲁3, 李海波1, 蔡荟梅2, 李大祥2, 宛晓春2, 彭传燚2, *, authorsList=谢妙琴, 周娣, 徐好杰, 谢妙珠, 孔凡鲁, 李海波, 蔡荟梅, 李大祥, 宛晓春, 彭传燚, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=彭传燚, authorNote=

谢妙琴(1995−),女,硕士,讲师,研究方向:食品加工与品质控制,E-mail:

周娣(1999−),女,硕士,研究方向:食品加工与品质控制,E-mail:

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彭传燚(1988−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:茶叶质量安全与加工利用,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=iybBaOHQ3cz6Vnp/1PFQWw==, magXml=LO2vAKdO+fyb7GRCA3jsOA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=KZW6nagayMCOWQzGmfmu5A==, pdfFileSize=2566638, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=M83SWd/IGjlDiZKx5MUXVw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Df/ccaVBvSTaIFsoOrPykQ==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320176080238003180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=756059593@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320176080330277871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, authorId=1320176080238003180, language=EN, stringName=Miaoqin XIE, firstName=Miaoqin, middleName=null, lastName=XIE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Wuyishan Vocational College, Wuyishan 354300, China
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注:‘金牡丹’(JMD)、‘金观音’(JGY)、‘黄观音’(HGY)、‘梅占’(MZ)、‘福鼎大毫’(FDDH)、‘福云六号’(FYL)、‘福云七号’(FYQ)、‘福安菜茶’(CC)。

, figureFileSmall=OWugf5tHe1MZDB7VNNh4zA==, figureFileBig=M83SWd/IGjlDiZKx5MUXVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085279555625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Contents of theanine (A), caffeine (B) in flower-fruit-scented TanYang congou black tea from different tea cultivars, figureFileSmall=rIrrN7DnceO+UoGhklH31w==, figureFileBig=JsK+Je75y1CyXOoZp/CC6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085355053098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶茶氨酸(A)、咖啡碱(B)含量

注:‘金牡丹’(JMD)、‘金观音’(JGY)、‘黄观音’(HGY)、‘梅占’(MZ)、‘福鼎大毫’(FDDH)、‘福云六号’(FYL)、‘福云七号’(FYQ)、‘福安菜茶’(CC);不同字母表明不同品种间存在显著性差异(P<0.05),图3、图4和图6同。

, figureFileSmall=rIrrN7DnceO+UoGhklH31w==, figureFileBig=JsK+Je75y1CyXOoZp/CC6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085426356267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Contents of catechin fractions in flower-fruit-scented TanYang congou black tea from different tea cultivars, figureFileSmall=5ensJuPWoYmdcWq7rFiPlg==, figureFileBig=7+i+4oHWSR1/Ma7Y3/DCqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085497659436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶儿茶素含量

注:‘金牡丹’(JMD)、‘金观音’(JGY)、‘黄观音’(HGY)、‘梅占’(MZ)、‘福鼎大毫’(FDDH)、‘福云六号’(FYL)、‘福云七号’(FYQ)、‘福安菜茶’(CC)。

, figureFileSmall=5ensJuPWoYmdcWq7rFiPlg==, figureFileBig=7+i+4oHWSR1/Ma7Y3/DCqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085598322733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Percentage of volatile compound types in flower-fruit-scented tanyang congou black tea from different tea cultivars, figureFileSmall=+GUvHAfjsOJSXTSvHIJpcQ==, figureFileBig=Bqeofd0G7ECyaQxWvpD2Uw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085673820206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶挥发性化合物类型百分比, figureFileSmall=+GUvHAfjsOJSXTSvHIJpcQ==, figureFileBig=Bqeofd0G7ECyaQxWvpD2Uw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085740929071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=OPLS-DA (A) and model cross-validation results (B) for different varieties of floral and fruity aroma-type TanYang congou black tea, figureFileSmall=wqF856OZB0AQJ/Qr7EqSgQ==, figureFileBig=7yYJPr++vQujwgyC5Q3Ryg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085812232240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的OPLS-DA(A)和模型交叉验证结果(B), figureFileSmall=wqF856OZB0AQJ/Qr7EqSgQ==, figureFileBig=7yYJPr++vQujwgyC5Q3Ryg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085879341105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=DPPH· scavenging rate (A) and ABTS+· scavenging rate (B) of flower-fruit-scented TanYang congou black tea prepared with different tea cultivar, figureFileSmall=+BPbQ9U0zxtY0N9s4qATIQ==, figureFileBig=Lt9owTOwWiiZR8kjRJdNDA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176085946449970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶DPPH自由基清除率(A)和ABTS+自由基清除率(B), figureFileSmall=+BPbQ9U0zxtY0N9s4qATIQ==, figureFileBig=Lt9owTOwWiiZR8kjRJdNDA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176086013558835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Correlation analysis between sensory evaluation scores and three evaluation methods, figureFileSmall=LTFVQmecoGpXB/5lLORiiA==, figureFileBig=Onqbj60i4Bw00xglx2OPTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176086093250612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=CN, label=图7, caption=感官审评得分与三种评价方法的相关性分析, figureFileSmall=LTFVQmecoGpXB/5lLORiiA==, figureFileBig=Onqbj60i4Bw00xglx2OPTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320176086164553781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Volatile compounds in dry tea samples of flower-fruit-scented tanyang congou black tea from different tea cultivars

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号香气类型挥发性化合物种类数量
CCFDDHFYLFYQMZHGYJGYJMD
1醇类479886211
2醛类4610101116811
3酮类33221237
4萜烯类693799715
5酯类8568138616
6碳氢化合物756431143
7芳香烃类342231036
8酸类////1/11
总成分3539384149623470
), ArticleFig(id=1320176086240051254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶干茶样挥发性化合物的种类

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号香气类型挥发性化合物种类数量
CCFDDHFYLFYQMZHGYJGYJMD
1醇类479886211
2醛类4610101116811
3酮类33221237
4萜烯类693799715
5酯类8568138616
6碳氢化合物756431143
7芳香烃类342231036
8酸类////1/11
总成分3539384149623470
), ArticleFig(id=1320176086307160120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Relative content of 7 key aroma compound

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号香气成分质量浓度(μg/L)
CCFDDHFYLFYQMZHGYJGYJMD
1己醛Hexanal3.904.9014.358.409.5920.7710.386.06
2芳樟醇Linalool45.7412.0132.69155.07100.6666.1254.5128.39
3柠檬醛Neral//3.790.694.923.521.613.95
4香叶醇Geraniol85.8626.16158.8761.53257.57150.90135.23323.39
5反式-β-紫罗兰酮Trans-β-ionone5.641.975.513.053.754.703.085.47
6反式-橙花叔醇Trans-nerolidol5.413.820.002.392.8814.068.888.94
7苯乙醛Benzaldehyde5.3211.2012.2218.877.3820.469.4913.98
), ArticleFig(id=1320176086370074681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

7个关键香气化合物的相对含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号香气成分质量浓度(μg/L)
CCFDDHFYLFYQMZHGYJGYJMD
1己醛Hexanal3.904.9014.358.409.5920.7710.386.06
2芳樟醇Linalool45.7412.0132.69155.07100.6666.1254.5128.39
3柠檬醛Neral//3.790.694.923.521.613.95
4香叶醇Geraniol85.8626.16158.8761.53257.57150.90135.23323.39
5反式-β-紫罗兰酮Trans-β-ionone5.641.975.513.053.754.703.085.47
6反式-橙花叔醇Trans-nerolidol5.413.820.002.392.8814.068.888.94
7苯乙醛Benzaldehyde5.3211.2012.2218.877.3820.469.4913.98
), ArticleFig(id=1320176086437183546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comprehensive evaluation ranking table of different assessment methods for the suitability of various tea germplasm

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
种质层次分析+灰色关联度隶属函数熵权+TOPSIS
加权关联度排序属值排序相对接近度C排序
JMD0.97810.73769510.7301131
MZ0.93520.55999530.3773664
CC0.87670.35180470.3422457
JGY0.9150.56173920.419543
HGY0.9230.45451850.3598345
FYL0.84980.28544880.3034848
FYQ0.91440.3843960.3446826
FDDH0.90360.55514540.4259182
), ArticleFig(id=1320176086546235451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320176072306574286, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同评价方式对不同茶树种质花果香型坦洋工夫红茶适制性的综合评价排名表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
种质层次分析+灰色关联度隶属函数熵权+TOPSIS
加权关联度排序属值排序相对接近度C排序
JMD0.97810.73769510.7301131
MZ0.93520.55999530.3773664
CC0.87670.35180470.3422457
JGY0.9150.56173920.419543
HGY0.9230.45451850.3598345
FYL0.84980.28544880.3034848
FYQ0.91440.3843960.3446826
FDDH0.90360.55514540.4259182
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不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的适制性
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谢妙琴 1, 2 , 周娣 2 , 徐好杰 2 , 谢妙珠 3 , 孔凡鲁 3 , 李海波 1 , 蔡荟梅 2 , 李大祥 2 , 宛晓春 2 , 彭传燚 2, *
食品工业科技 | 分析检测 2026,47(12): 294-303
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食品工业科技 |分析检测 2026 , 47 (12) : 294 -303
不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的适制性
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谢妙琴1, 2 , 周娣2 , 徐好杰2, 谢妙珠3, 孔凡鲁3, 李海波1, 蔡荟梅2, 李大祥2, 宛晓春2, 彭传燚2, *
作者信息
  • 1武夷山职业学院,福建武夷山 354300
  • 2安徽农业大学茶业学院/茶树种质创新与资源利用全国重点实验室,安徽合肥 230036
  • 3武夷山易知足茶业有限公司,福建武夷山 354300
通讯作者:
彭传燚(1988−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:茶叶质量安全与加工利用,E-mail:。
作者简介:

谢妙琴(1995−),女,硕士,讲师,研究方向:食品加工与品质控制,E-mail:

周娣(1999−),女,硕士,研究方向:食品加工与品质控制,E-mail:

Adaptability of Different Tea Cultivar for Producing Flower-Fruit-scented TanYang Congou Black Tea
Miaoqin XIE1, 2 , Di ZHOU2 , Haojie XU2, Miaozhu XIE3, Fanlu KONG3, Haibo LI1, Huimei CAI2, Daxiang LI2, Xiaochun WAN2, Chuanyi PENG2, *
Affiliations
  • 1Wuyishan Vocational College, Wuyishan 354300, China
  • 2State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, School of Tea Science, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, China
  • 3Wuyi Mountain Yizhi Zu Tea Co., Ltd., Wuyishan 354300, China
出版时间: 2026-06-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040027
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为探究福建福安地区主要栽培茶树品种对花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的适制性。本研究选取了‘金牡丹’、‘梅占’、‘黄观音’、‘福云六号’、‘福云七号’、‘福安菜茶’、‘金观音’和‘福鼎大毫’8个当地主栽茶树品种,根据感官审评和代谢物质分析,并综合层次分析赋权、灰色关联度法、隶属函数法及熵权TOPSIS法,对其适制花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的潜力进行了评估。结果表明:感官审评中,以‘金牡丹’茶树品种鲜叶制备的红茶得分最高(92.45分),其茶氨酸含量为26.44 g/kg,咖啡碱42.64 g/kg,EGCG 10.21 g/kg,EGC 8.66 g/kg,EC 2.21 g/kg,并检测出70种挥发性化合物,其中醇类物质占比57.36%,香叶醇与芳樟醇相对含量尤为丰富。灰色关联度法和隶属函数法的分析表明,‘金牡丹’与福鼎大毫、‘福安菜茶’的分布位置相近却不完全重叠,凸显了其独特性,而‘梅占’与‘福云六号’、‘福云七号’的分布存在一定的重叠现象。‘金牡丹’凭借其丰富的内含物质和优异的感官品质,在适制花果香型坦洋工夫红茶方面展现出显著的品种优势,为优化品种选择与品质调控提供了重要的科学依据。

花果香型  /  坦洋工夫红茶  /  茶树品种  /  加工适制性  /  综合评价

To investigate the processing adaptability of the main tea varieties cultivated in the Fuan region of Fujian for producing flower-fruit-scented TanYang congou black tea, 'Jin Mudan', 'Meizhan', 'Huang Guanyin', 'Fuyun 6', ' Fuyun 7', 'Fuan Caicha', 'Jin Guanyin' and 'Fuding Dahao' eight local tea varieties were selected in this study. Based on sensory evaluation and metabolite analysis, the potential for producing flower-fruit-scented TanYang congou black tea was assessed using a combination of hierarchical analysis based on gray relational analysis, membership function method and entropy-weighted TOPSIS method. The results showed that the black tea prepared from the fresh leaves of 'Jin Mudan' variety demonstrated the highest (92.45 scores) in the sensory evaluations, and the content of theanine, caffeine, EGCG, EGC and EC was 26.44, 42.64, 10.21, 8.66 and 2.21 g/kg, respectively. Furthermore, 70 volatile compounds were detected, and alcohols accounted for 57.36% with geraniol and linalool being particularly abundant. The analysis using the gray relational method and membership function method indicated that 'Jin Mudan' was located close to but not completely overlapping with Fuding Daba and 'Fuan Caicha', that highlighting its uniqueness, while 'Meizhan' showed some overlap with 'Fuyun 6' and 'Fuyun 7'. 'Jin Mudan', with its rich internal compounds and excellent sensory quality, demonstrates significant varietal advantages in the processing of flower-fruit-scented TanYang congou black tea, providing important scientific evidence for optimizing variety selection and quality control.

flower-fruit-scented  /  TanYang congou black tea  /  tea cultivars  /  processing adaptability  /  comprehensive evaluation
谢妙琴, 周娣, 徐好杰, 谢妙珠, 孔凡鲁, 李海波, 蔡荟梅, 李大祥, 宛晓春, 彭传燚. 不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的适制性. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (12) : 294 -303 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040027
Miaoqin XIE, Di ZHOU, Haojie XU, Miaozhu XIE, Fanlu KONG, Haibo LI, Huimei CAI, Daxiang LI, Xiaochun WAN, Chuanyi PENG. Adaptability of Different Tea Cultivar for Producing Flower-Fruit-scented TanYang Congou Black Tea[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (12) : 294 -303 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040027
红茶因其健康功效备受欢迎,占全球茶叶消费量的70%以上[1]。据中国茶叶流通协会统计,2023年中国红茶产量49.12万吨(同比增长率为1.9%),毛茶产值达519.74亿元(同比增长率为2%)[2]。福建省福安市是重点产茶区,其坦洋工夫红茶在加工工艺上不断创新,引进摇青工艺成功开发出花果香型坦洋工夫红茶,具有条索肥壮紧结,色泽乌褐油润,香气浓郁持久,花果香显,滋味甜醇鲜爽的品质特征[3],赢得了市场和消费者的认可。研究表明,采用抖青或荡青等创新工艺可有效促进香气化合物生物合成,特别是花香和果香类物质[4−7]。
茶树品种是茶叶生产的基础,充分发掘和利用品种的适制性,将其加工成符合消费者感官偏好的优质产品,是实现茶叶品质最优化的关键[8−10]。江新凤等[11]评价了江西丘陵红壤地区8个主栽茶树品种适制性,发现‘黄观音’和‘金观音’的茶树品种更适制作花香型工夫红茶,福鼎大毫、楮叶齐、赣茶14号及群体种适制具有“滋味醇厚,红亮汤色”的工夫红茶。杨娟等[12]研究表明蜀永2号和巴渝特早夏季鲜叶更易加工出品质优良的工夫红茶。传统的适制性评价主要依赖感官审评、内含物质测定及香气分析等手段。近年来,多元统计综合评价方法因其能够整合多项指标信息,更全面、客观地反映被评价对象的整体状况[13],在多种作物品种评价中得到有效运用[14−15]。李华鑫[16]运用层次分析法建立了茶树综合评价体系,成功评价了豫南引进品种的适应性。王治会等[17]用综合评价法筛选出了适宜在江西种植的茶树新品种。
福安市拥有茶园面积约165万亩,茶树种质资源丰富[18],为更好地了解花果香型红茶的适制品种,科学筛选适宜加工花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的优良品种,本研究选取福安市主栽的8个茶树品种:‘金牡丹’、‘金观音’、‘黄观音’、‘梅占’、‘福鼎大毫’、‘福安菜茶’、‘福云六号’和‘福云七号’,按照标准工艺将其加工成花果香型坦洋工夫红茶。通过感官审评结合多元统计综合评价方法,系统评价各品种的适制性,为花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的品质调控提供科学依据。
红茶 本实验于福安市晓阳镇南方佳木茶业有限公司茶厂进行,原料采自福安市晓阳镇,采摘时间为4月中旬,采摘标准为一芽三、四叶或小开面二、三叶,分别为‘金牡丹’(JMD)、‘金观音’(JGY)、‘黄观音’(HGY)、‘梅占’(MZ)、‘福鼎大毫’(FDDH)、‘福云六号’(FYL)、‘福云七号’(FYQ)、‘福安菜茶’(CC)共计8个茶树品种。参照DB 35/T 632-2022《坦洋工夫红茶加工技术规范》加工成花果香型坦洋工夫红茶,后用研钵和研杵研磨成粉末,过40目筛后保存于−20 ℃冰箱待用;碳酸钠(Na2CO3)、氯化亚锡(SnCl2·2H2O) 购自上海麦克林生化科技有限公司;福林酚(C6H6O) 购自北京索莱宝科技有限公司;没食子酸(C7H6O5)、儿茶素单体标准品(色谱级)、茶氨酸标准品(色谱级)、咖啡碱标准品(色谱级) 购自上海源叶生物科技有限公司;乙腈(C2H3N)、甲醇(CH3OH)、乙酸(CH3COOH)、碳酸钠(Na2CO3)、磷酸氢二钠(Na2HPO4)、磷酸二氢钾(H2KO4P)、水合茚三酮(C9H6O4)、癸酸乙酯(色谱级) 购自上海阿拉丁生化科技有限公司。
7890-5977B气相色谱-质谱联用仪 美国安捷伦科技有限公司;e2695高效液相色谱仪 美国沃特世科技公司;Milli-Q纯水机 美国默克公司;DF-101S集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器 巩义市予华仪器有限责任公司;TGL-16M高速冷冻离心机 上海卢湘仪离心机仪器有限公司。
感官审评参照GB/T 23776-2018《茶叶感官审评方法》[19],由6位国家高级评茶技师组成审评小组进行。审评时,将茶叶样品置于标准审评室中,控制室温为25±2 ℃,湿度保持在60%±5%,以保证审评条件的一致性。每份茶样称取3.0 g,置于150 mL的审评杯中,用沸水冲泡,浸泡5 min后倒出茶汤,进行外形、色泽、香气、滋味和汤色等项目的审评,每个项目按百分制进行评分,最后计算综合得分。
参照GB/T 8313-2018《茶叶中儿茶素类含量的检测方法》。准确称取茶叶样品2.0 g,置于50 mL离心管中,加入40 mL 70%乙醇溶液,超声提取30 min,然后在4000 r/min下离心10 min,取上清液用去离子水稀释至刻度,再用0.45 μm的微孔滤膜过滤,最后采用高效液相色谱仪进行检测[20]。
按照GB/T 23193-2017《茶叶中茶氨酸的测定》标准执行。称取茶叶样品0.5 g,置于50 mL离心管中,加入20 mL的1 mol/L的盐酸溶液,于80 ℃水浴中加热30 min,冷却至室温后用去离子水定容至刻度,再用0.45 μm微孔滤膜过滤,最后用高效液相色谱仪进行检测[21]。
咖啡碱含量检测方法依据GB/T 8312-2013《茶咖啡碱测定》。称取茶叶样品1.0 g,置于50 mL离心管中,加入25 mL乙醇-氯仿混合溶液(体积比为1:1),超声提取15 min后,以4000 r/min离心10 min,取上清液用氮气吹干,用适量的流动相溶解残留物并过滤,用高效液相色谱仪进行检测[22]。
按照1:50(g/mL)制备茶汤试液,进行DPPH自由基清除率测定。用乙醇配制0.2 mmol/L DPPH溶液,称取3.0 mL提取液与3.0 mL DPPH溶液摇匀,低温避光保存。于波长517 nm处测定吸光度A1;将3.0 mL乙醇于3.0 mL DPPH溶液混合后,避光放置30 min,于波长517 nm处测定吸光度A0;以乙醇作为空白。平行三次,按照公式(1)计算DPPH自由基清除率。
$ \mathrm{DPPH自由基清除率(\text{%})=(1-A}_{ \mathrm{1}} \mathrm{/A}_{ \mathrm{0}} \mathrm{)\times 100 } $
式中,A0:空白对照组吸光度(只加DPPH+溶剂,不加样品);A1:样品组吸光度(DPPH+样品)。
参照袁冬演等[23]的方法,将7.0 mmol/L ABTS溶液与2.45 mmol/L过硫酸钾溶液按体积比1:1混匀后避光放置12 h后得到ABTS储备液。使用前用甲醇稀释成734 nm处吸光值为0.70±0.02的工作液。分别取0.30 mL样品和4.0 mL ABTS工作液混匀,振荡30 s后常温下避光反应6 min,于734 nm测定吸光值A1。0.30 mL样品溶液于4.0 mL甲醇混合测定的吸光值为A2,0.30 mL蒸馏水与4.0 mL ABTS工作液混合测定的吸光值为A0。平行三次,按照公式(2)计算ABTS阳离子自由基清除率。
$ \mathrm{ABTS阳离子自由基清除率(\text{%})=[1-(A}_{ \mathrm{1}} \mathrm{-A}_{ \mathrm{2}} \mathrm{)/A}_{ \mathrm{0}} \mathrm{]\times 100} $
式中,A0:空白对照组的吸光度;A1:样品反应组的吸光度;A2:样品本底对照组的吸光度。
将冷冻干燥后的坦洋工夫红茶茶叶样品,研磨后,称取0.1 g茶粉和0.2 g氯化钠固体至20 mL的顶空瓶中,加入5 mL的沸腾超纯水,随后加入磁力转子和10 μL、10 mg/L癸酸乙酯内标。使用带ptfe硅胶隔垫的压盖小瓶密封,置于磁力搅拌器加热台上,在60 ℃下平衡15 min后,将已老化的50/30 μm CAR/PDMS/DVB萃取纤维插入样品瓶的顶空部分,推出纤维头离液1 cm处,萃取纤维在顶空瓶中吸附30 min,使样品瓶中的挥发性成分达到平衡的状态。最后将萃取纤维插入气相色谱进样口,在250 ℃解吸附5 min。
色谱条件:采用DB-5 MS毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)。进样口温度设定为250 ℃。升温程序如下:初始柱温为40 ℃,保持5 min;随后以6 ℃/min的速率升温至130 ℃,保持5 min;再以6 ℃/min的速率升温至250 ℃。载气为氦气,纯度不低于99.999%,流速为1 mL/min,采用不分流进样模式,解吸时间为5 min[24]。
质谱条件:采用电子电离源,电离能量为70 eV。离子源温度为230 ℃,四极杆温度为150 ℃,质谱接口温度为250 ℃,扫描范围为35~450 amu。
根据GC-MS的目标峰质谱信息进行美国国家标准与技术研究所(National Institute of Standards and Technology,NTST)标准谱库的检索比对;计算保留指数(Retention Index,RI:由正构烷烃C7~C40测定),结合文献以及数据库的保留指数进行比对鉴定。
$ \mathrm{RI=100n+100[(RT}_{ \mathrm{x}}- \mathrm{RT}_{ \mathrm{n}}) \mathrm{/(RT}_{ \mathrm{n+1}} \mathrm{-RT}_{ \mathrm{n}} )\mathrm{]} $
式中:RI为挥发性的保留指数;n为该化合物前一碳标的原子数;RTx为该化合物的保留时间;RTn为该化合物前一碳标的保留时间;RTn+1为该化合物后一碳标的保留时间。按照公式(4)使用内标法进行定量分析:
$ \mathrm{C}_{ \mathrm{i}} \mathrm{=C}_{ \mathrm{is}} \mathrm{A}_{ \mathrm{i}} \mathrm{/A}_{ \mathrm{is}} $
式中:Ci为挥发性化合物的质量浓度(μg·L−1);Cis为内标的质量浓度(μg·L−1);Ai为挥发性化合物的色谱峰面积;Ai为挥发性化合物在水中的香气阈值(μg·L−1)。
使用SPSS 21软件采用LSD多重比较方法在0.05水平上进行单因素方差分析;挥发性代谢物的主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘判别分析运用SIMCA 14.1构建相关模型,实现对样品类别的预测。使用SPSSPRO(https://www.spsspro.com)进行灰色关联度法、隶属函数法和熵权TOPSIS法分析,用Excel 2021加权关联度进行计算,TBtools 1.1043软件进行热图绘制,采用Origin 2021绘图。
层次分析法借鉴前人的研究方法[25]赋予权重,构建包含三个层次的综合评价模型。该模型的目标层为适制花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的种质资源,准则层涵盖三个指标,分别是感官指标、挥发性物质指标以及儿茶素、茶氨酸等非挥发性物质指标。通过邀请6位行业专家对各指标的重要性进行评分,确定各指标的评分结果并计算出准则层及指标层的权重值并进行验证。
通过处理各指标测试结果的平均值,将数据转化为无量纲化处理。根据灰色系统理论,计算灰度关联系数,公式(5)如下[26]:
$\rm \zeta_ i(k)=x=\frac{\min _i\min _k \Delta _i(k)+\rho\max _i\max _k \Delta _i(k)}{\Delta _i(k)+\rho\max _i\max _k \Delta _i(k)}$
其中,$\rm \zeta _i(\mathrm{k}) $为关联系数;$ \Delta _\mathrm{i}(\mathrm{k}) $为第i个品种第k个指标无量纲化处理后测量值与理想值的绝对插值;$ \rho $为分辨系数,常取 0.5。
计算加权灰色关联度。层次分析法所定各指标权重值代入公式(6)中,求得各品种加权关联度。
$ \rm {\mathrm{r}}^{\mathrm{*}}=\sum\nolimits_{1}^{\mathrm{N}}\omega \times \zeta _i(\mathrm{k}) $
其中,$ {\mathrm{r}}^{\mathrm{*}} $为第i个品种的灰色关联度;$ \zeta _{\mathrm{i}}(\mathrm{k}) $为关联系数;$ \omega $为此指标权重值。
该部分采用隶属函数法对各茶树种质的感官品质指标、成茶生化成分指标、挥发性物质指标共16个指标进行综合评定。采用公式(7)和公式(8)对各指标变量测定值进行标准化处理:
$\rm {\mathrm{X}}_{(\mathrm{u})\mathrm{正}}=(\mathrm{x}-{\mathrm{x}}_{\min })/({\mathrm{x}}_{\max }-{\mathrm{x}}_{\min }) $
$\rm {\mathrm{X}}_{(\mathrm{u})\mathrm{反}}=({\mathrm{x}}_{\max }-\mathrm{x})/({\mathrm{x}}_{\max }-{\mathrm{x}}_{\min }) $
式中,$ \mathrm{X} $为各个种质的某个测定指标定值;$ {\mathrm{x}}_{\max } $为该指标在所有参试种质中的最大值;$ {\mathrm{x}}_{\min } $为该指标在所有参试种质中的最小值。指标与感官审评得分正相关,则用正隶属函数(7)进行计算,反之则用反隶属函数(8)进行计算。各种质所有适制性评价指标的隶属值累加后求平均数,数值越大表明该种质花果香型坦洋工夫红茶适制性越强[27]。
参冯晓莉等[28]的研究方法。按照公式(9)计算各供试种质的指标占全部品种指标值之和的比重$ {\mathrm{P}}_{\text{ij}} $。
$ {\mathrm{P}}_{\text{ij}}=\frac{{\mathrm{Z}}_{\text{ij}}}{\sum\nolimits_{\mathrm{i}=1}^{\mathrm{n}}{\mathrm{Z}}_{\text{ij}}} $
参考公式(10)计算各项指标的信息熵$ {\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{j}} $;其中,m代表检测指标数量。
$ {\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{j}}=-\frac{1}{\ln \mathrm{m}}\sum\nolimits_{\mathrm{j}=1}^{\mathrm{m}}{\mathrm{P}}_{\text{ij}}\ln {\mathrm{P}}_{\text{ij}} $
根据公式(11)计算各项指标的熵权$ {\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{j}} $:
$ {\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{j}}=\frac{1-{\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{j}}}{\sum\nolimits_{\mathrm{j}=1}^{\mathrm{m}}(1-{\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{j}})} $
图1显示,8个品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的感官评审综合得分范围为84.15~92.45,‘金牡丹’以92.45分排名第一,其后依次为‘黄观音’(HGY)、‘梅占’(MZ)、‘福云七号’(FYQ)、‘金观音’(JGY)、‘福鼎大毫’(FDDH)、‘福云六号’(FYL),‘福安菜茶’(CC)排名最末(图1)。以‘金牡丹’品种鲜叶制备的花果香型坦洋工夫红茶在香气、滋味等关键指标上均表现突出,这与陈林海[29]基于香气组分分析提出的‘金牡丹’最适制坦洋工夫红茶结论一致。
分析了8个不同茶树品种所制花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的非挥发性物质(茶氨酸、咖啡碱和儿茶素)的含量,如图2、图3所示。茶氨酸作为茶叶鲜爽味和香气前体的关键物质[30],其含量的高低不仅与品质呈正相关,也是加工中通过美拉德反应生成丰富香气化合物的重要基础[31]。‘福鼎大毫’(FDDH)鲜叶加工的红茶含量最高,‘金牡丹’(JMD)次之,‘黄观音’(HGY)的含量最低(图2A)。咖啡碱通过与茶黄素络合增强茶汤鲜爽度[32],在‘金牡丹’(JMD)鲜叶加工的红茶中最高(P<0.05),其后依次为‘梅占’、‘金观音’、‘黄观音’,‘福鼎大毫’,‘福云六号’、‘福云七号’,‘福安菜茶’含量最低(图2B)。‘金牡丹’所制红茶具体理化指标为:茶氨酸 26.44 g/kg,咖啡碱 42.64 g/kg,EGCG 10.21 g/kg,EGC 8.66 g/kg,EC 2.21 g/kg。儿茶素组分的组成直接影响滋味特性(酯型儿茶素苦涩收敛性强,非酯型儿茶素涩弱回甘)[33],不同茶树品种加工的红茶中,儿茶素各组分的含量呈现明显的品种特异性(图3A~图3E),其中‘福云六号’(FYL)鲜叶制成的红茶中儿茶素C含量最高;‘福云七号’(FYQ)中EC和EGC含量最高;‘梅占’(MZ)中ECG含量最高。值得注意的是,‘金牡丹’鲜叶加工的红茶中,EGCG含量为所有品种中最高,而C、EC、EGC的含量均位居第二(仅次于各自对应的最高品种),ECG含量则为最低。从儿茶素类型分析,酯型儿茶素(EGCG、ECG)的苦涩味及收敛性强度显著高于非酯型儿茶素(C、EC、EGC)。‘金牡丹’虽EGCG含量最高,但其ECG含量最低,一定程度上削弱了酯型儿茶素的总体强度;同时,其非酯型儿茶素均处于次高水平,有助于提供茶汤的厚度与鲜爽感。该组成特征表明,‘金牡丹’的儿茶素构成呈现“高EGCG、低ECG、非酯型次优”的独特模式,其感官品质并非单一成分主导,而是酯型与非酯型儿茶素协同作用的结果。综上,‘金牡丹’在咖啡碱、儿茶素和茶氨酸等多个品质指标上均名列前茅,为其优良的感官品质奠定了坚实的物质基础。
茶叶的整体香气特征源于多种挥发性成分在相对含量、比例、香型及强度等因素协同作用的结果[34]。本研究系统分析了8个供试茶树品种所制花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的挥发性成分(表1),不同树种鲜叶制成的干茶样品中,醇类物质相对含量最高,依次为碳氢化合物、酯类、醛类、萜烯类、酮类、芳香烃,酸类物质相对含量最低。在挥发性物质种类数量上,‘金牡丹’(JMD)最为丰富(70种),约为‘福安菜茶’(CC,35种)和‘金观音’(JGY,34种)的2倍。‘黄观音’(HGY)次之(62种),‘梅占’(MZ)居中(49种),福云系列(FYL/FYQ)与‘福鼎大毫’(FDDH)的挥发性物质种类介于38~41种区间。
醇类化合物在8种红茶中的相对含量如图4所示。鉴于醇类物质主要呈现出花果香、甜香等气味特征。其相对含量分布与各品种坦洋工夫红茶表现出的花果香特性相符,其中以‘金牡丹’品种鲜叶制备的花果香型坦洋工夫红茶(JMD)的挥发性物质种类丰富(70种)、醇类化合物占比优势(57.36%),为感官审评中“浓郁持久的花果香”特征提供了挥发性化学基础。
为了深入分析不同茶树品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的挥发性物质差异,本文进一步应用了正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)模型。模型参数显示良好的拟合与预测能力:自变量拟合指数(R2x)为0.994,因变量拟合指数(R2y)为0.935,模型预测指数(Q2)为0.985(图5A)。根据模型评价标准,(R2与Q2>0.5),模型结果可信。OPLS-DA模型显示(图5A),‘金观音’(JGY)、‘黄观音’(HGY)、‘福云七号’(FYQ)和‘梅占’(MZ)分布于横轴负半轴,其中‘金观音’与其他品种区分最显著,其次为‘福云七号’,‘梅占’与‘黄观音’差异较小。‘金牡丹’(JMD)、‘福鼎大毫’(FDDH)、‘福安菜茶’(CC)和‘福云六号’(FYL)则分布于横轴正半轴,‘金牡丹’与其余三个品种差异显著,而‘福鼎大毫’与‘福安菜茶’差异较小,‘福云六号’、‘梅占’和‘福云七号’之间差异亦较小。
模型的交叉验证(图5B)与置换验证结果进一步证实了其可靠性:R2值接近1,表示模型对数据的拟合优度高。Q2值接近1说明预测能力强。置换验证中Q2回归线的交点在零以下,表明模型无过拟合现象。综上,模型的拟合效果良好,该OPLS-DA模型能有效区分和预测不同品种红茶的挥发性成分特征。
鉴于芳樟醇和香叶醇是红茶的特征性香气成分,其香气阈值分别为6 g/kg[35]和40 g/kg[36],且二者比例显著影响红茶香型[29]。前期课题组鉴定出7种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的关键香气化合物[37](表2):醇类(芳樟醇、香叶醇、反式-橙花叔醇),醛类(已醛、柠檬醛、苯乙醛)及酮类(反式-β-紫罗兰酮)。其中香叶醇是区分香气强度的核心指标,‘金牡丹’(JMD)以323.39 μg/L的高相对含量奠定其"浓郁持久花果香"的物质基础;‘梅占’、‘黄观音’(HGY)和‘金观音’(JGY)亦因较高香叶醇相对含量呈现明显花果香特征。芳樟醇相对含量差异显著影响香型多样性,‘福云七号’(FYQ)以最高相对含量形成独特香韵,其与香叶醇的比例差异是香型分化的关键。反式-橙花叔醇以‘黄观音’(HGY)相对含量最高,‘金牡丹’(JMD)和‘金观音’(JGY)次之,丰富了香气层次。醛类成分中,己醛在‘黄观音’(HGY,20.77 μg/L)和‘福云六号’(FYL)较高,苯乙醛在‘黄观音’(HGY)和‘福云七号’(FYQ)突出,柠檬醛在‘梅占’(MZ)和‘福云六号’(FYL)相对显著。
感官特征与化学成分高度关联:‘金牡丹’(JMD)因关键花果香组分(醇/萜烯/酯类占总量60%)的全面优势及香叶醇绝对优势,与感官最优评价一致;‘黄观音’(HGY)虽总成分种类多,但核心醇类种类匮乏且香叶醇相对不足,可能导致香气饱满度欠佳;‘福安菜茶’(CC)总成分最少,醇醛类基础弱,但酯类及苯乙醛支撑其主要香气[29,36−37]。综上,本研究明确了香叶醇、芳樟醇和反式-橙花叔醇是构成花果香型坦洋工夫红茶特征香气的核心醇类物质,其相对含量及比例的品种间差异是导致香气类型多样化和品质优劣的关键化学基础。‘金牡丹’品种因其在关键花果香物质(尤其是香叶醇)上的显著优势,展现出最优异的感官品质。
为了进一步分析品种间的差异性,对各个品种抗氧化能力进行分析(图6)。‘福安菜茶’、‘金牡丹’、‘梅占’和‘金观音’这四个表现出较强DPPH自由基清除率,这一结果与非挥发物质的含量对应,这些品种中多酚类化合物如儿茶素、黄酮类等含量较高。ABTS阳离子清除率无显著差异(P>0.05)。
近年来,层次分析-灰色关联度法、隶属函数法和熵权-TOPSIS法等方法在品质评价领域被广泛应用[38−40]。本研究采用这几种方法对参试茶树种质的花果香型坦洋工夫红茶适制性进行了综合评价,结果如表3所示。三种方法均一致表明‘金牡丹’(JMD)的适制性最优,其加权关联度、隶属度值和相对接近度C值均位列第一。‘梅占’(MZ)在灰色关联度法中排名第二,在隶属函数法和熵权-TOPSIS法中分别位列第三和第四。‘金观音’(JGY)在隶属函数法中排名第二,在灰色关联度法和熵权-TOPSIS法中分列第五和第三。值得注意的是,‘福鼎大毫’(FDDH)在熵权-TOPSIS法中表现突出,排名第二,明显优于其在灰色关联度法和隶属函数法中的位置。‘福安菜茶’(CC)、‘福云七号’(FYQ)、‘福云六号’(FYL)在三种方法中综合评价均靠后。
评价方法的选择与验证对结果的可靠性至关重要。相关性分析(图7)显示,层次分析-灰色关联度法(r=0.87)和隶属函数法(r=0.86)所得结果与感官审评综合得分均呈极显著正相关,表明这两种方法能更准确地反映花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的适制性,这与王轩[40]及刘丙花等[41−42]的研究结论一致。然而,熵权-TOPSIS法结果与感官审评得分的相关性(r=0.69)未达显著水平(P>0.05),其评价体系更侧重化学成分指标(如酸类、酮类、芳香烃)而弱化了感官指标权重,可能是导致‘福鼎大毫’排名差异的原因。尽管如此,‘金牡丹’在三种方法中均排名第一,其作为最佳适制品种的结论具有高度一致性。
本研究选用了福安市8个主栽茶树品种(‘福安菜茶’、‘福云六号’、‘福云七号’、‘福鼎大毫’、‘金牡丹’、‘金观音’、‘黄观音’和‘梅占’)为对象,通过感官审评、非挥发性成分(氨基酸/咖啡碱/儿茶素等)、挥发性物质及抗氧化能力等多维指标,结合层次分析赋权结合灰色关联度法、隶属函数法和熵权TOPSIS法对评价其对花果香型坦洋工夫红茶的适制性。‘金牡丹’(JMD)品种花果香型坦洋工夫红茶浓郁持久花果香特征显著,滋味浓强鲜爽,与香气/滋味相关的灰色关联度与隶属函数评分均居首位;物质种类最丰富(70种),醇类占比最高(57.36%±2.65%),且香叶醇相对含量(323.39 μg/L)较高。灰色关联度法与隶属函数法的评价结果与感官审评一致性最高,‘金牡丹’品种最适制花果香型坦洋工夫红茶。

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2026年第47卷第12期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025040027
  • 接收时间:2025-04-03
  • 首发时间:2026-10-22
  • 出版时间:2026-06-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-03
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    1武夷山职业学院,福建武夷山 354300
    2安徽农业大学茶业学院/茶树种质创新与资源利用全国重点实验室,安徽合肥 230036
    3武夷山易知足茶业有限公司,福建武夷山 354300

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彭传燚(1988−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:茶叶质量安全与加工利用,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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