Article(id=1320886658900279330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320883859747615068, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030383, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743436800000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792853520368, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1773504000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792853520368, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792853520368, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792853520368, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320883859747615068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='505', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1773504000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852852999, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852852999, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=78, endPage=87, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320886659143548963, articleId=1320886658900279330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effects of Laminarin on Physicochemical Property of Sweet Potato Starch and Pea Starch, columnId=1261336277291548795, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Research and Investigation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study aimed to explore the effects of laminarin (LM) on the physicochemical properties of sweet potato starch (SPS) and pea starch (PS), and to reveal the interaction rules between LM and the two starches by measuring the interaction forces in the starch-LM mixed systems. Different concentrations of LM (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%, w/v) were mixed with the two starches respectively. The changes in gelatinization and rheological properties were measured using a rapid viscosity analyzer and a rheometer, and the gel strength and interaction forces were analyzed using a texture analyzer. The results showed that LM could inhibit the leaching of amylose from SPS, while increasing the leached amylose content of PS. In terms of gelatinization properties, the addition of LM increased the gelatinization viscosity of SPS-LM and PS-LM mixed systems, while reducing the setback viscosity of SPS and increasing that of PS. In rheological properties, the addition of LM increased the fluid index (n value) of SPS, but for PS, the addition of high concentrations (2% and 3%) of LM could reduce its fluid index (n value). The addition of LM enhanced the resilience of SPS and PS, and significantly reduced the thixotropic loop area of both. The addition of LM increased the storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") of SPS and PS. LM had different effects on the physicochemical properties of the two different starches, which might be related to the interaction mode between LM and the starches. The interaction forces indicated that hydrogen bond forces were mainly present in the SPS-LM mixed system, while both hydrogen bond forces and electrostatic forces were present in the PS-LM mixed system. In conclusion, LM interacted with SPS via hydrogen bonding during gelatinization, significantly elevating viscosity and viscoelasticity. In contrast, PS-LM interactions involved both hydrogen bonds and electrostatic forces, synergistically enhancing pseudoplasticity, gel strength, and rheological properties (including setback value). This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of laminarin-starch products.

, authors=Keqian HUANG1, 2, 3, Jinhan SU1, 2, 3, Chuannan LI1, Hongliang ZENG1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=Keqian HUANG, Jinhan SU, Chuannan LI, Hongliang ZENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hongliang ZENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320886663023280184, articleId=1320886658900279330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=海带多糖对红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉理化特性的影响, columnId=1261336277849391232, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=研究与探讨, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究旨在探究海带多糖(Laminarin,LM)对红薯淀粉(Sweet Potato Starch,SPS)和豌豆淀粉(Pea Starch,PS)理化特性的影响,并通过测定淀粉-LM混合体系的相互作用力,揭示LM与两种淀粉的互作规律。将不同浓度LM(0%、1%、2%和3%,w/v)分别与两种淀粉混合,采用快速黏度分析仪和流变仪测量其糊化和流变特性的变化规律,利用质构仪分析其凝胶强度及相互作用力。结果表明:LM能够抑制SPS的直链淀粉浸出,而提高PS的浸出直链淀粉含量。在糊化特性中,LM的加入提高了SPS-LM和PS-LM混合体系的糊化黏度,同时降低了SPS的回生值,但提高了PS的回生值。流变性能中,LM的加入增加了SPS的流体指数(n值),但对于PS,高浓度(2%和3%)LM的加入能够降低其流体指数(n值);LM的加入使得SPS和PS的恢复力增强,同时显著降低二者的触变性回环面积;LM的加入提高了SPS和PS的储能模量和损耗模量。LM对两种不同淀粉的理化特性具有不同影响,这可能与LM与其互作方式有关。相互作用力显示,SPS-LM混合体系中主要存在氢键作用力,而PS-LM混合体系同时存在氢键作用力和静电作用力。综上,LM与SPS在糊化过程中通过氢键相互作用进而提高了糊化黏度,并且增强其动态粘弹特性;而PS与LM之间主要通过氢键和静电相互作用,二者协同提高PS的糊化黏度和回生值,增强假塑性及动态粘弹性,改善凝胶强度。本研究能够为海带多糖-淀粉类产品开发提供理论依据。

, authors=黄可谦1, 2, 3, 苏锦瀚1, 2, 3, 李传楠1, 曾红亮1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=黄可谦, 苏锦瀚, 李传楠, 曾红亮, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=曾红亮, authorNote=

黄可谦(2002−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品科学,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
曾红亮(1986−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品科学,E-mail:,。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=3nV+z4gxHm2J/NmOkDUUOg==, magXml=5OhROCuVdVPFIqhOaLp/Ag==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=8quelPErSRizmzFaCT8v2Q==, pdfFileSize=14725942, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=vREyIJvd32KQikgkGkJG3g==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=sArSeUQlvgUpRBFr5h3KQg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320886664055078979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=aiaiaihuangkeqian@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320886664176713799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, authorId=1320886664055078979, language=EN, stringName=Keqian HUANG, firstName=Keqian, middleName=null, lastName=HUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2023, 14(12): 250−257.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320886683873165509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=56, rfOrder=67, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MU Siyu, GAO Xusheng, MENG Yuxing, et al. Enhancement of viscoelastic properties of high-branched maltodextrin by non-starchy polysaccharides[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2023, 14(12): 250−257., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320886683948662982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=57, rfOrder=68, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘素臣. 基于凉粉草多糖-不同类型淀粉相互作用形成的凝胶特性及新型黑凉粉制品研发[D]. 南昌: 南昌大学, 2019. [LIU Suchen. Properties of mixed gels based on the interaction between Mesona chinensis polysaccharide and different types starch systems and the development of new Mesona chinensis jelly[D]. Nanchang: Nanchang University, 2019.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320886684028354759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=57, rfOrder=69, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Suchen. Properties of mixed gels based on the interaction between Mesona chinensis polysaccharide and different types starch systems and the development of new Mesona chinensis jelly[D]. 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Food Hydrocolloids, 2024, 156: 110322., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320886663346241593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320886663371407418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, companyId=1320886663346241593, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320886663396573243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, companyId=1320886663346241593, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1福建农林大学食品科学学院,福建福州 350002)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320886663673397308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320886663706951741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, companyId=1320886663673397308, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fuzhou 350002, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320886663732117566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, companyId=1320886663673397308, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2福建省特种淀粉品质科学与加工技术重点实验室,福建福州 350002)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320886663828586559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320886663853752384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, companyId=1320886663828586559, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320886663895695425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, companyId=1320886663828586559, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3闽台特色海洋食品加工及营养健康教育部工程研究中心,福建福州 350002)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320886667817369702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Leached amylose of LM blend with SPS and PS systems, figureFileSmall=kUplJq4RguVoAqTkxtOCNw==, figureFileBig=vREyIJvd32KQikgkGkJG3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886667905450087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=图1, caption=海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系浸出直链淀粉含量

注:同一淀粉中不同小写字母表示各组间差异显著(P<0.05),图8~图9同。

, figureFileSmall=kUplJq4RguVoAqTkxtOCNw==, figureFileBig=vREyIJvd32KQikgkGkJG3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886668131942504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Pasting curves of LM blend with SPS and PS systems, figureFileSmall=WDzxvDMqkMrsQdpFTpGARA==, figureFileBig=claImoCxmUfDwjk9hEsw1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886668224217193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=图2, caption=海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系糊化曲线

注:A:红薯淀粉;B:豌豆淀粉;Native SPS:红薯淀粉体系;Native PS:豌豆淀粉体系;图3~图7同。

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figureFileBig=qq41TA+kd5ULfYZAHDQ3Gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886668501041261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=图4, caption=海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系恢复力曲线, figureFileSmall=x2iNdkQGawxtRfRRYKmiXA==, figureFileBig=qq41TA+kd5ULfYZAHDQ3Gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886668584927342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Thixotropy curves of LM blend with SPS and PS systems, figureFileSmall=Zfx2GNrcDqVmkFEgx5ItUg==, figureFileBig=ufjSETztvA9WDb7zVxZUxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886668656230511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=图5, caption=海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系触变性曲线, figureFileSmall=Zfx2GNrcDqVmkFEgx5ItUg==, figureFileBig=ufjSETztvA9WDb7zVxZUxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886670325563504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Amplitude scanning curves of LM blend with SPS and PS systems, figureFileSmall=Pgnl2rV76SeUSUi5KmStvw==, figureFileBig=ClWIu30IORxhW2gHPhvKww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886670430421105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=图6, caption=海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系振幅扫描曲线, figureFileSmall=Pgnl2rV76SeUSUi5KmStvw==, figureFileBig=ClWIu30IORxhW2gHPhvKww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886670526890098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Viscoelastic properties of LM blend with SPS and PS systems, figureFileSmall=x7o3vzvJAgBDbL99+sC54g==, figureFileBig=Y0OOR0PJqF0FDHWJ4WO47Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886670602387571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=图7, caption=海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系动态粘弹性, figureFileSmall=x7o3vzvJAgBDbL99+sC54g==, figureFileBig=Y0OOR0PJqF0FDHWJ4WO47Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886670686273652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Gel strength of LM blend with SPS and PS systems, figureFileSmall=Ra7EQS0CTBxc3w/ydVfzyw==, figureFileBig=77C/8Bmtap8lQmf6tvkfVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886670770159733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=图8, caption=海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系凝胶强度, figureFileSmall=Ra7EQS0CTBxc3w/ydVfzyw==, figureFileBig=77C/8Bmtap8lQmf6tvkfVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886670837268598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Changes in the gel strength of LM blend with SPS and PS systems, resulting from addition of NaCl and urea, figureFileSmall=YD3rrno9vM6TgkDbKJIsWA==, figureFileBig=jYrVgaB0MFobm7POJ/Os0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886670916960375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=图9, caption=氯化钠和尿素引起海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系的凝胶强度变化, figureFileSmall=YD3rrno9vM6TgkDbKJIsWA==, figureFileBig=jYrVgaB0MFobm7POJ/Os0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886670992457848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Schematic diagram of interaction mechanisms of LM blend with SPS and PS systems, figureFileSmall=Q9y4Qz1yYCDNC/B+o08/CQ==, figureFileBig=BP/kDrt0rezyFK4Y3Dmn7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886671067955321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=图10, caption=海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系相互作用机制预测图, figureFileSmall=Q9y4Qz1yYCDNC/B+o08/CQ==, figureFileBig=BP/kDrt0rezyFK4Y3Dmn7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320886671143452794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Pasting characteristic parameters of LM blend with SPS and PS systems

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品峰值粘度 (mPa·s)谷值粘度 (mPa·s)崩解值 (mPa·s)终值粘度 (mPa·s)回生值 (mPa·s)糊化温度 (℃)
Native SPS1216.33±8.50c1123.33±9.01c139.67±3.06b1591.33±7.09c464.33±10.02a80.67±1.03b
SPS-1%LM1218.00±11.00c1131.33±6.51c88.33±7.09d1551.00±4.58d417.67±6.11b81.63±1.85b
SPS-2%LM1488.00±11.53b1385.00±12.12b102.33±7.51c1790.67±6.66b403.00±5.57c81.20±1.06b
SPS-3%LM1736.67±8.74a1516.67±10.60a227.33±7.57a1850.67±5.69a330.67±6.51d83.00±4.19a
Native PS447.67±15.82d475.67±12.90d−620.67±8.96d144.67±7.02b79.01±0.30b
PS-1%LM511.67±10.07c552.67±9.71c−713.67±14.01c161.67±12.58ab79.97±0.50a
PS-2%LM626.33±17.62b687.00±16.70b−859.33±19.22b174.67±8.33a79.78±0.45ab
PS-3%LM715.67±20.11a772.00±15.62a−942.00±10.54a170.67±11.01a79.88±0.35a
), ArticleFig(id=1320886671218950267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系糊化特性参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品峰值粘度 (mPa·s)谷值粘度 (mPa·s)崩解值 (mPa·s)终值粘度 (mPa·s)回生值 (mPa·s)糊化温度 (℃)
Native SPS1216.33±8.50c1123.33±9.01c139.67±3.06b1591.33±7.09c464.33±10.02a80.67±1.03b
SPS-1%LM1218.00±11.00c1131.33±6.51c88.33±7.09d1551.00±4.58d417.67±6.11b81.63±1.85b
SPS-2%LM1488.00±11.53b1385.00±12.12b102.33±7.51c1790.67±6.66b403.00±5.57c81.20±1.06b
SPS-3%LM1736.67±8.74a1516.67±10.60a227.33±7.57a1850.67±5.69a330.67±6.51d83.00±4.19a
Native PS447.67±15.82d475.67±12.90d−620.67±8.96d144.67±7.02b79.01±0.30b
PS-1%LM511.67±10.07c552.67±9.71c−713.67±14.01c161.67±12.58ab79.97±0.50a
PS-2%LM626.33±17.62b687.00±16.70b−859.33±19.22b174.67±8.33a79.78±0.45ab
PS-3%LM715.67±20.11a772.00±15.62a−942.00±10.54a170.67±11.01a79.88±0.35a
), ArticleFig(id=1320886671294447740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Power-Low model fitting parameters of shear flow curves of LM blend with SPS and PS systems

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品KnR2
Native SPS44.4048±0.5432a0.3639±0.0034b0.9985
SPS-1%LM23.8270±0.6811c0.3774±0.0078a0.9929
SPS-2%LM33.6381±0.3950b0.3642±0.0032b0.9987
SPS-3%LM44.2141±0.5281a0.3696±0.0033ab0.9988
Native PS9.2498±0.4069c0.4018±0.0060a0.9963
PS-1%LM8.3712±0.4540c0.4163±0.014a0.9798
PS-2%LM16.3425±0.5473b0.3408±0.0094b0.9860
PS-3%LM28.1365±0.8040a0.2290±0.0087c0.9674
), ArticleFig(id=1320886671369945213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉剪切流动曲线的Power-Low模型拟合参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品KnR2
Native SPS44.4048±0.5432a0.3639±0.0034b0.9985
SPS-1%LM23.8270±0.6811c0.3774±0.0078a0.9929
SPS-2%LM33.6381±0.3950b0.3642±0.0032b0.9987
SPS-3%LM44.2141±0.5281a0.3696±0.0033ab0.9988
Native PS9.2498±0.4069c0.4018±0.0060a0.9963
PS-1%LM8.3712±0.4540c0.4163±0.014a0.9798
PS-2%LM16.3425±0.5473b0.3408±0.0094b0.9860
PS-3%LM28.1365±0.8040a0.2290±0.0087c0.9674
), ArticleFig(id=1320886671437054078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Resilience of LM blend with SPS and PS systems

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品恢复力
Native SPS76.87±0.31c
SPS-1%LM82.69±0.39b
SPS-2%LM85.11±0.23b
SPS-3%LM92.53±0.27a
Native PS73.36±0.20d
PS-1%LM104.41±0.50c
PS-2%LM115.13±0.44a
PS-3%LM107.42±0.23b
), ArticleFig(id=1320886671525134463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320886658900279330, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系恢复力

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样品恢复力
Native SPS76.87±0.31c
SPS-1%LM82.69±0.39b
SPS-2%LM85.11±0.23b
SPS-3%LM92.53±0.27a
Native PS73.36±0.20d
PS-1%LM104.41±0.50c
PS-2%LM115.13±0.44a
PS-3%LM107.42±0.23b
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Hysteresis area of LM blend with SPS and PS systems

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样品滞后面积(Pa/s)
Native SPS15344.14±52.5116a
SPS-1%LM10363.12±21.4293b
SPS-2%LM8561.92±8.6438c
SPS-3%LM8228.97±27.0952d
Native PS233.13±4.01a
PS-1%LM161.73±3.52b
PS-2%LM99.56±1.50c
PS-3%LM11.27±4.52d
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海带多糖与红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉混合体系滞后面积

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样品滞后面积(Pa/s)
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SPS-1%LM10363.12±21.4293b
SPS-2%LM8561.92±8.6438c
SPS-3%LM8228.97±27.0952d
Native PS233.13±4.01a
PS-1%LM161.73±3.52b
PS-2%LM99.56±1.50c
PS-3%LM11.27±4.52d
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海带多糖对红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉理化特性的影响
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黄可谦 1, 2, 3 , 苏锦瀚 1, 2, 3 , 李传楠 1 , 曾红亮 1, 2, 3, *
食品工业科技 | 研究与探讨 2026,47(6): 78-87
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食品工业科技 |研究与探讨 2026 , 47 (6) : 78 -87
海带多糖对红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉理化特性的影响
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黄可谦1, 2, 3 , 苏锦瀚1, 2, 3, 李传楠1, 曾红亮1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1福建农林大学食品科学学院,福建福州 350002
  • 2福建省特种淀粉品质科学与加工技术重点实验室,福建福州 350002
  • 3闽台特色海洋食品加工及营养健康教育部工程研究中心,福建福州 350002
通讯作者:
曾红亮(1986−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品科学,E-mail:,。
作者简介:

黄可谦(2002−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品科学,E-mail:

Effects of Laminarin on Physicochemical Property of Sweet Potato Starch and Pea Starch
Keqian HUANG1, 2, 3 , Jinhan SU1, 2, 3, Chuannan LI1, Hongliang ZENG1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
  • 2Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fuzhou 350002, China
  • 3Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
出版时间: 2026-03-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030383
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本研究旨在探究海带多糖(Laminarin,LM)对红薯淀粉(Sweet Potato Starch,SPS)和豌豆淀粉(Pea Starch,PS)理化特性的影响,并通过测定淀粉-LM混合体系的相互作用力,揭示LM与两种淀粉的互作规律。将不同浓度LM(0%、1%、2%和3%,w/v)分别与两种淀粉混合,采用快速黏度分析仪和流变仪测量其糊化和流变特性的变化规律,利用质构仪分析其凝胶强度及相互作用力。结果表明:LM能够抑制SPS的直链淀粉浸出,而提高PS的浸出直链淀粉含量。在糊化特性中,LM的加入提高了SPS-LM和PS-LM混合体系的糊化黏度,同时降低了SPS的回生值,但提高了PS的回生值。流变性能中,LM的加入增加了SPS的流体指数(n值),但对于PS,高浓度(2%和3%)LM的加入能够降低其流体指数(n值);LM的加入使得SPS和PS的恢复力增强,同时显著降低二者的触变性回环面积;LM的加入提高了SPS和PS的储能模量和损耗模量。LM对两种不同淀粉的理化特性具有不同影响,这可能与LM与其互作方式有关。相互作用力显示,SPS-LM混合体系中主要存在氢键作用力,而PS-LM混合体系同时存在氢键作用力和静电作用力。综上,LM与SPS在糊化过程中通过氢键相互作用进而提高了糊化黏度,并且增强其动态粘弹特性;而PS与LM之间主要通过氢键和静电相互作用,二者协同提高PS的糊化黏度和回生值,增强假塑性及动态粘弹性,改善凝胶强度。本研究能够为海带多糖-淀粉类产品开发提供理论依据。

海带多糖  /  红薯淀粉  /  豌豆淀粉  /  糊化特性  /  流变特性

This study aimed to explore the effects of laminarin (LM) on the physicochemical properties of sweet potato starch (SPS) and pea starch (PS), and to reveal the interaction rules between LM and the two starches by measuring the interaction forces in the starch-LM mixed systems. Different concentrations of LM (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%, w/v) were mixed with the two starches respectively. The changes in gelatinization and rheological properties were measured using a rapid viscosity analyzer and a rheometer, and the gel strength and interaction forces were analyzed using a texture analyzer. The results showed that LM could inhibit the leaching of amylose from SPS, while increasing the leached amylose content of PS. In terms of gelatinization properties, the addition of LM increased the gelatinization viscosity of SPS-LM and PS-LM mixed systems, while reducing the setback viscosity of SPS and increasing that of PS. In rheological properties, the addition of LM increased the fluid index (n value) of SPS, but for PS, the addition of high concentrations (2% and 3%) of LM could reduce its fluid index (n value). The addition of LM enhanced the resilience of SPS and PS, and significantly reduced the thixotropic loop area of both. The addition of LM increased the storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") of SPS and PS. LM had different effects on the physicochemical properties of the two different starches, which might be related to the interaction mode between LM and the starches. The interaction forces indicated that hydrogen bond forces were mainly present in the SPS-LM mixed system, while both hydrogen bond forces and electrostatic forces were present in the PS-LM mixed system. In conclusion, LM interacted with SPS via hydrogen bonding during gelatinization, significantly elevating viscosity and viscoelasticity. In contrast, PS-LM interactions involved both hydrogen bonds and electrostatic forces, synergistically enhancing pseudoplasticity, gel strength, and rheological properties (including setback value). This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of laminarin-starch products.

laminarin  /  sweet potato starch  /  pea starch  /  pasting properties  /  rheological properties
黄可谦, 苏锦瀚, 李传楠, 曾红亮. 海带多糖对红薯淀粉和豌豆淀粉理化特性的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (6) : 78 -87 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030383
Keqian HUANG, Jinhan SU, Chuannan LI, Hongliang ZENG. Effects of Laminarin on Physicochemical Property of Sweet Potato Starch and Pea Starch[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (6) : 78 -87 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030383
我国红薯产量丰富,占据全球总产量的80%,且其中大部分红薯会经加工转化为红薯淀粉(Sweet Potato Starch,SPS),SPS由15%~20%的直链淀粉和80%~85%的支链淀粉组成[1−2]。丰富的支链淀粉含量使其生产的产品感官质量极佳,其加工的产品更具弹性和韧性、光滑明亮、筋道可口,且不易糊汤与断条,故SPS通常被加工成粉丝、面条、凉皮等食品[3−4]。与此同时,豌豆作为全球第四大食用豆类作物,其种子含有35%~40%的淀粉组分[5−6]。豌豆淀粉(Pea Starch,PS)不仅具有更低廉的价格,且展现出卓越的成膜性能[7]。但天然红薯淀粉与豌豆淀粉都具有不耐热、在酸碱环境中易分解变质、易老化等缺点[8],导致其易出现产品质地硬化、持水力下降、货架期缩短等问题,严重制约了其在现代食品工业中的应用。基于上述问题,研究人员采用特定的化学、物理或酶解方法以改善其性质,但传统的方法存在环保性、安全性低等问题,新的改性方法正在被探寻。目前,通过非淀粉多糖对淀粉进行改性进而改善其功能特性,已成为当前食品科学领域的研究重点之一,对开发新型淀粉基产品具有重要现实意义。
非淀粉多糖具有高效、安全环保、廉价易获得等特点,目前已广泛应用于食品加工工业[9−11]。大部分非淀粉多糖含有许多游离羟基,具有很强的水合能力,可以通过静电吸附和共价键等作用力与淀粉大分子键合以改善淀粉产品的糊化和流变特性。Zhang等[12]的研究表明,添加魔芋葡甘露聚糖能够增强豌豆淀粉的凝胶网络结构,提高其糊化温度和黏度。瓜尔豆胶会影响豌豆淀粉的糊化特性,导致其流动阻力升高和黏度上升[13]。赵阳等[14]发现亚麻多糖能够增强红薯淀粉的膨胀力,使其凝胶结构更加紧密,提高其糊化温度和粘弹性。同样,凉粉草多糖可以有效增强红薯淀粉-凉粉草多糖混合体系凝胶的粘弹性[15]。海带是我国产量最大的海洋经济藻类之一。据《2024中国渔业统计年鉴》显示,2023年我国海带产量达177.99万吨,位居藻类产量首位[16]。但我国海带利用率并不高,主要以初级产品为主,这不仅造成资源浪费,也制约了海带产业的进一步发展[17]。海带中含有大量生物活性物质,其中海带多糖(Laminarin,LM)是存在于海带中的一类天然生物大分子物质,约占海带干基重量的35%,是从海带中分离和纯化出来的一种带负电的亲水性多糖,具有抗氧化[18]、免疫调节[19]、抑菌[20]、抗炎[20]、抗凋亡[20]等多种生物活性,其在研发功能性食品和改善食品特性等方面具有良好的应用前景。LM的化学结构主要包括由20至30个β-1,3-糖苷键连接的D-吡喃葡萄糖残基构成的线性主链,以及通过β-1,6-糖苷键连接的D-吡喃葡萄糖形成的支链,LM结构中存在的羟基、羧基和硫酸基团赋予其强亲水性和负电性,使其能够通过静电和氢键等作用力与淀粉分子结合,从而影响淀粉分子糊化、流变特性和凝胶网络形成[21−24]。团队前期研究表明,LM在糊化过程中能够与不同晶型的淀粉分子之间产生氢键作用力和静电相互作用,影响了玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉和莲子淀粉的糊化特性和动态粘弹特性[25]。同样,LM的加入能够提高木薯淀粉的糊化黏度和储能模量(G')以及损耗模量(G")[26],并且LM可以在一定程度上增加玉米淀粉凝胶的流动性,并增强其凝胶结构[27]。
目前已有研究聚焦于利用LM改善SPS和PS产品特性。在多糖-淀粉复配研究中,探究体系理化特性的变化尤为重要。因此,本文以SPS和PS为研究对象,通过测定SPS-LM和PS-LM混合体系的浸出直链淀粉含量、黏度特性,剪切速率、恢复力、触变性、振幅扫描和频率扫描,探究LM对SPS和PS理化特性的影响,并通过测定海带多糖-淀粉混合体系的相互作用力,进一步揭示多糖和淀粉间的可能互作规律,为海带多糖-淀粉类产品提供理论依据。
红薯淀粉(直链淀粉含量为15%~20%) 四川省宜宾市顶古山薯业有限公司;豌豆淀粉(直链淀粉含量为21.6%[28]) 上海源叶生物科技有限公司;海带多糖(纯度>96.0%) 上海麦克林生化科技有限公司;直链淀粉测定试剂盒 中国苏州科铭生物技术有限公司。
DF-101S集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器 河南予华仪器有限公司;AL104精密分析天平 梅特勒-托利多仪器(上海)有限公司;Physica MCR 301旋转流变仪 奥地利安东帕(中国)有限公司;JK-1快速黏度分析仪 北京中西远大科技有限公司;TA.XT plus质构仪 厦门超技仪器设备有限公司;MJ-60BM01A匀浆机 广东美的电气制造有限公司。
参考Chen等[29]的方法稍作修改。取适量的LM称重,与23.5 mL蒸馏水混合,配制成浓度分别为0%、1%、2%和3%(w/v)的LM溶液,再分别加入SPS、PS(6%,w/v),室温下涡旋10 min,混合均匀,制成淀粉悬浮液(SPS和PS,6%,w/v;LM,0%、1%、2%和3%,w/v),置于密封的离心管中,95 ℃水浴20 min,冷却至室温,10000×g离心20 min,提取上清液,使用直链淀粉测定试剂盒测定浸出直链淀粉含量。将100 μL上清液、70 μL HCl溶液、600 μL蒸馏水、10 μL碘化钾-碘溶液、220 μL蒸馏水依次加入离心管中,充分混合,并在620 nm处测量吸光度值(A测定)。使用NaOH溶液替换上清液作为空白对照(A空白)。将测得的值代入以下公式中计算直链淀粉含量:
$\begin{split} &\mathrm{直链淀粉含量}(\mathrm{mg}/\mathrm{g}\text{干重})=[({\mathrm{A}}_{\text{测定}}-{\mathrm{A}}_{\text{空白}}-0.0062)\times \\&{\mathrm{V}}_{1}]/ 1.755/ (\mathrm{W}\times {\mathrm{V}}_{1}/ {\mathrm{V}}_{2}) \end{split}$
其中,V1为加入反应体系中样本体积(mL);V2为加入提取液体积(mL);W为样本质量(g)。
根据Zheng等[30]和Zhou等[31]的研究方法,使用快速黏度分析仪(RVA)制备淀粉糊及测量糊化特性。糊化特性测定如下:样品温度在50 ℃平衡1  min,在12 ℃/min加热到95 ℃,在95 ℃保持2.5 min,在12 ℃/min冷却到50 ℃,在50 ℃保持2 min。RVA搅拌转速设定如下,样品以960 r/min自动搅拌10 s后以160 r/min进行搅拌。保留RVA测定结束后的SPS、SPS-LM、PS和PS-LM淀粉糊备用。
将1.2.2节中RVA制备后的淀粉糊(1 mL)冷却后转移到25 ℃的流变仪板(直径50 mm,间隙1 mm)并使用流变仪测定流变特性。用抹刀去除多余的材料并且将硅油施加到样品的边缘以避免干燥。
在剪切速率0.1~100 s−1范围内进行静态流变实验。记录剪切应力与剪切速率的关系,并通过幂律方程进行建模:
$\rm \tau =\mathrm{K }\times {\gamma }^{{n}} $
其中,τ为剪切力(Pa);γ为剪切速率(s−1);K为稠度系数(Pa·Sn);n为流动行为指数。复相关系数R2代表方程的拟合精度。每个样本重复测量三次。
根据郭泽镔[32]的方法,将制备的淀粉糊转移到流变仪板,设定温度为25 ℃,依次测定淀粉糊于1 s−1下分别剪切120 s、60 s以及180 s的表观黏度。用第三阶段前30 s的表观黏度与第一阶段表观黏度的比值来表示剪切结构恢复力。
将制备的淀粉糊转移到流变仪板,设置温度为25 ℃,用直径为25 mm的锥板模具,测定样品剪切应力在3 min内剪切速率从0~300 s−1递增和300~0 s−1递减过程的变化情况。
将应变(在线性粘弹性区域内确定)设定为0.1%。在25 ℃下,以1~100 rad s−1的角频率进行动态扫描。测定样品的储存模量(G')、损耗模量(G")和损耗因子(tanδ)。
根据Yang等[33]的方法稍加修改,将SPS、PS(6%,w/v)分散在LM溶液(0%、1%、2%和3%,w/v)中,然后向混合物中加入NaCl或尿素,使其最终浓度达到0.3 mol/L。将含NaCl或尿素的混合物按照1.2.2节的方法进行糊化,获得的凝胶在室温下平衡30 min,并以质构仪测定其凝胶强度。质构仪在1 mm/s的速度、40%的压缩度和5 g的触发力条件下配备P/100R探头。
采用SPSS27.0软件进行单因素方差分析,采用Duncan多重范围检验进行差异分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义,采用Origin 2024软件进行图像绘制。
随着温度升高,淀粉颗粒吸水并开始膨胀破裂,随后直链淀粉浸出至溶液,LM对SPS和PS直链淀粉浸出量的影响如图1所示,LM的加入抑制了SPS直链淀粉的浸出,可能是由于亲水胶体通过分子间氢键作用与直链淀粉结合并聚集在淀粉表面,从而抑制了直链淀粉的浸出[34],Kong等[35]的研究同样发现凉粉草多糖通过与大米淀粉间产生氢键互作从而降低其浸出直链淀粉含量。LM的加入显著增加了PS的直链淀粉浸出量(P<0.05),这是因为LM促进了水分进入颗粒内部以及淀粉颗粒的溶胀,有利于直链淀粉的浸出[25]。LM对两种淀粉浸出直链淀粉含量的影响呈现相反趋势,这可能是由于LM与淀粉间互作机制的不同导致,于是进一步探究LM对两种淀粉的糊化和流变特性的影响。
RVA曲线能够表征淀粉在糊化过程中糊化、崩解、溶胀和胶凝能力。如图2A所示,对比未添加LM的SPS(Native SPS),SPS-2%LM和SPS-3%LM的RVA曲线呈现上移的趋势,而添加低浓度LM(1%)并未产生相似影响。而PS-LM混合体系的RVA曲线表现出与SPS-LM不同的特征(图2B),添加LM后,PS-LM混合体系的RVA曲线均随着LM添加浓度的上升呈现上移的趋势。此外,未添加LM的PS组及PS-LM混合体系的RVA曲线均呈现连续增长的趋势。崩解值是峰值黏度与谷值黏度的差值[27],PS以及PS-LM混合体系均无崩解值(表1)。Liu等[36]关于凉草粉多糖-豌豆淀粉体系RVA曲线的趋势,本研究与之相同,这可能是由于C型淀粉(如豌豆淀粉)的晶体结构在糊化过程中会经历快速膨胀直至完全崩解,这导致崩解值的缺失。
由表1可知,对于SPS,高浓度的LM(2%和3%)可显著提高SPS-LM混合体系的峰值黏度、谷值黏度和终值黏度(P<0.05),而低添加浓度的LM(1%)仅显著增加了混合体系的终值黏度,这与章乐乐等[37]的研究结果相似,高浓度青稞多糖的加入显著提高玉米淀粉的峰值黏度、谷值黏度和终值黏度,但低浓度青稞多糖对玉米淀粉糊化参数影响较小,Ren等[15]的研究同样证明凉草粉多糖和红薯淀粉之间产生氢键作用力增强淀粉糊化黏度,因此SPS-LM混合体系糊化黏度的上升可能是由于二者间存在氢键相互作用力;而对于PS,随着LM添加浓度的上升,PS-LM混合体系的峰值黏度、谷值黏度和终值黏度均显著增加,呈浓度依赖性(P<0.05),这可能同样源于多糖与淀粉中浸出直链淀粉间通过氢键互作增强其聚合物网络结构[38],且这种相互作用贯穿于淀粉糊化全过程,使得峰值黏度、谷值黏度和终值黏度均显著增加。
回生值反映了淀粉糊化冷却后的短期回生程度与直链淀粉重排的能力[27,39]。由表1可知,SPS-LM混合体系的回生值随LM添加浓度的增加而显著减小(P<0.05),而LM的加入提高了PS的回生值,LM对两种淀粉的回生值影响不同,这可能与淀粉浸出直链淀粉含量不同有关,在本研究中,由于LM降低了SPS的浸出直链淀粉含量,导致直链淀粉重排能力减弱,且LM与SPS中的直链淀粉通过氢键互作,进一步抑制SPS间直链淀粉的双螺旋重排,从而降低SPS回生值,且这种抑制效果与LM浓度成正比,Meng等[26]的研究同样发现海带多糖的加入抑制木薯淀粉的短期回生,这可能是由于多糖与淀粉分子之间的氢键作用强于淀粉中直链淀粉分子间的相互作用力,从而降低淀粉分子内部直链淀粉重排的能力,抑制其回生[40];此外,LM的加入使得PS中的浸出直链淀粉含量增多,促进了直链分子间重排,从而提高回生值,Huang等[41]的研究表明,山药淀粉的回生值的提高,是由于根茎和块茎作物粘液的加入让更多的直链淀粉分子结合,Liu等[42]的研究也发现匍匐无花果籽多糖与马铃薯淀粉间通过增加连续相中局部直链淀粉浓度,加速淀粉回生。这种差异进一步印证了淀粉基质特性对多糖-淀粉相互作用的影响。
流变特性是淀粉糊的重要特性之一,在食品加工、贮藏、运输、销售过程中起着重要作用。不同用途的淀粉产品对流变特性的要求不同,比如粉条等需要具有一定的硬度;米糊等产品需要粘稠性和体系具有适宜的剪切稳定性等。
SPS-LM和PS-LM混合体系的剪切速率如图3所示,所有样品均呈现剪切应力随剪切速率增加而升高的典型剪切稀化行为,符合非牛顿流体特性[43]。对剪切应力随剪切速率变化的幂律方程利用Power-Law模型进行拟合,计算其参数。由表2可知,拟合方程的R2值均为大于0.96,即方程在96%的可信区间内反映了实际凝胶流变特性。K值代表混合体系黏度的大小。由表2可知,在SPS体系中,加入浓度为1%和2%的LM显著降低了SPS的K值(P<0.05),而SPS-3%LM组与SPS未添加LM组K值无显著差异(P>0.05),该现象的产生可能是由于淀粉-多糖混合体系中多糖与淀粉间产生氢键作用,阻碍淀粉分子的运动,导致很大的黏性阻力,而当受到剪切应力时,缠结分子链被拉直,纠缠减少,导致淀粉黏度降低[44]。
在PS-LM混合体系中,相比于Native PS组,高浓度(2%和3%)的LM能够提高PS的K值,可能是因为多糖的加入促进了直链淀粉分子间的聚集,加强淀粉的凝胶结构,导致K值上升[45],这与RVA结果相呼应。两种体系的n值均<1,这说明所有试样在剪切范围内都是典型的假塑性流体[46],相比于Native SPS,SPS-LM混合体系的n值增加,假塑性减弱,这可能是由于多糖与淀粉间产生氢键相互作用,抑制了淀粉分子的延伸形式,降低其假塑性[47],Fei等[48]的研究也发现豆腐柴多糖的加入能降低绿豆淀粉的假塑性;相反,对于PS,高浓度LM(2%和3%)的加入使得PS-LM混合体系假塑性增强,Liu等[42]的研究也发现匍匐无花果籽多糖能够增强马铃薯淀粉的假塑性,且二者间存在静电相互作用力,可能是由于LM与PS产生静电相互作用,使得PS的浸出直链淀粉增多,直链淀粉间能够形成较为扩展的构象,从而增强了假塑性。为了印证此猜想,后续进一步研究了LM与两种淀粉间相互作用力类型。
剪切恢复力指的是淀粉糊在高速剪切后恢复到低速剪切原始结构的能力[49]。由图4A可知,SPS-LM体系第三阶段的剪切黏度明显小于第一阶段的剪切黏度,图4B中Nativa PS组也具有相似情况,说明体系内部在经过高速率剪切后恢复能力有所减弱。SPS-LM与PS-LM混合体系的剪切恢复力如表3所示,加入LM均能增强SPS-LM与PS-LM两种混合体系的恢复力。胡荣等[50]的研究证明豌豆淀粉恢复力的增强是由于稳定的凝胶结构形成,本实验结果与之相似。
触变性是许多假塑性流体的一个特征,由图5可知,SPS-LM和PS-LM混合体系所有样本的触变性曲线均过原点趋向剪切应力轴,且随着剪切应力的增大逐渐增大,即黏度变稀;而后又随着剪切速率递减而减小,即黏度逐渐恢复,所有曲线均是上行线与下行线不重合,形成滞后回环,表现为假塑性流体特性。表4为SPS-LM与PS-LM体系加入不同浓度LM的触变性滞后面积,滞后面积可以反映触变性的强弱,且通常认为滞后面积越大,触变性能越强[51],由表4可知,LM降低了SPS和PS的触变性滞后面积,且滞后面积与浓度成反比,可能是因为多糖的加入使得淀粉-多糖混合体系经过剪切作用后,均形成新的稳定网状结构,使淀粉糊流阻性增大,从而降低了体系的触变性[52]。
对糊化样品进行动态频率扫描,可以获得表征体系粘弹性质的指标—储能模量G'、损耗模量G"及tanδ(G"/G')。储能模量G'反映的是样品的弹性性质;损耗模量G"反映的是样品的粘性性质。
图6是SPS-LM和PS-LM两种混合体系振幅扫描的图线,图中所有样本的线性粘弹区较长,表明它们都具有良好的分散稳定性。图6中,SPS-LM和PS-LM混合体系中所有样本的G'始终高于G",且G'和G"水平随着LM浓度的增大而增大,G'的增加说明LM使得SPS和PS的稳定性均有所提高,这与王艳等[53]对大米淀粉流变特性的研究结果一致。为确保后续研究中两种淀粉的凝胶结构不被外加应力破坏,因此在样本的线性黏弹区内选择0.1%的恒定应变值用于随后的频率扫描实验。
由图7可知,所有试验样本的G'与G"随角频率增加而上升,且G'始终高于G",表明两种体系都表现出典型的弱凝胶状行为特性[54],且两种体系的G'和G"均随着LM浓度的增加而上升,说明添加LM提高了混合体系的动态粘弹性,这可能是由于多糖与淀粉间的相互作用[39],Wang等[55]发现阿魏酰化阿拉伯木聚糖和豌豆淀粉形成的致密三维网状结构显著增加了复合凝胶的G'以及G";同样,Zhang等[1]研究发现黄晶多糖的加入增加了红薯淀粉的G'和G"。
tanδ则代表损耗因子,tanδ值越大,体系的粘性越强,则可流动性越强;tanδ值越小,则表明体系的弹性越强。由图7C和图7D可知,两种体系所有曲线tanδ曲线<1,表明混合体系均偏向弹性固体[56],LM的加入增加了SPS和PS的tanδ,表明LM的加入使得SPS以及PS逐渐由弹性固体转变为黏性液体,且LM主要通过影响凝胶的黏性改变淀粉凝胶强度。本文结果与刘素臣[57]的研究中,体系tanδ增大表明凉粉草多糖对玉米淀粉凝胶强度的影响主要是对黏性的影响占主导作用结果相似。
凝胶强度是食品的物理特性,是反映食品质地的重要指标[58],不同浓度LM与淀粉混合体系的凝胶强度如图8所示。由图8可知,LM的加入改善了淀粉的凝胶强度,尤其是对PS凝胶强度的改善尤为显著(P<0.05),可能是因为多糖和淀粉颗粒之间的相互作用[15]。为探究LM-淀粉间相互作用力类型,添加两种能够破坏凝胶强度的试剂,即0.3 mol/L的NaCl和尿素来确定分子间作用力的类型,NaCl可以破坏多糖-淀粉间静电相互作用力,但不影响氢键,而尿素主要破坏氢键,不会影响静电相互作用[59]。
LM-淀粉间相互作用力结果如图9所示,对于SPS,添加尿素显著降低混合体系的凝胶强度(P<0.05),而NaCl对SPS-LM混合体系凝胶的强度的影响相对低得多(P>0.05),这表明LM主要通过氢键与SPS相互作用。这与Yang等[33]研究银耳多糖与马铃薯淀粉间相互作用力的研究结果相似。对于PS,尿素和NaCl的添加都显著降低了PS-LM混合体系的凝胶强度(P<0.05),这表明PS-LM混合体系中既存在氢键相互作用力,又存在静电相互作用力,二者可能协同参与LM-PS间相互作用,增强凝胶强度,这与Ren等[15]发现氢键和静电相互作用力是凉草粉多糖和红薯淀粉之间主要作用力的结果相似。海带多糖-淀粉分子间作用力测量结果也进一步证实了前文预测研究结果。
基于直链淀粉浸出含量、糊化特性、流变特性变化及相互作用力分析,本研究提出一种潜在机制(图10),以阐明LM分别对SPS和PS的作用规律。其核心过程如下:在加热过程中,淀粉颗粒因吸水而膨胀,体积逐渐增大。此时,LM吸附于膨胀的淀粉颗粒表面。当淀粉颗粒膨胀至最大体积时,持续膨胀导致其破裂溶胀,直链淀粉随之从中浸出。浸出的直链淀粉可能通过氢键作用与SPS分子缠结,形成致密的凝胶网络结构;而对于PS,LM除通过氢键作用外,还可能与PS产生静电作用力,两者协同促进致密凝胶网络结构的形成。上述作用机制最终改变了SPS-LM及PS-LM混合体系的理化特性。
LM的加入能显著影响SPS和PS的理化特性。对于SPS,LM降低了其浸出直链淀粉含量,且LM主要与浸出直链淀粉间通过氢键作用形成致密网络结构,从而提高SPS糊化黏度,降低回生值。此外,SPS与LM间的氢键作用减弱了SPS-LM混合体系的假塑性流体特性,同时显著增强了体系的恢复力和动态粘弹性(储能模量G'和损耗模量G"),提高了凝胶稳定性;而对于PS,LM提高了其浸出直链淀粉含量,且LM主要通过静电相互作用力及氢键相互作用力协同作用,这种协同作用增强了PS-LM的聚合网络结构,导致PS在整个糊化过程中的黏度显著上升,并使其回生值上升。此外,在高浓度(2%和3%)LM与PS的混合体系中,直链淀粉间能形成更为伸展的构象,导致体系的假塑性增强。同样,静电与氢键的协同作用增强了PS体系的恢复力和动态粘弹性(储能模量G'和损耗模量G"),增强了凝胶强度。

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2026年第47卷第6期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030383
  • 接收时间:2025-04-01
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-03-15
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    1福建农林大学食品科学学院,福建福州 350002
    2福建省特种淀粉品质科学与加工技术重点实验室,福建福州 350002
    3闽台特色海洋食品加工及营养健康教育部工程研究中心,福建福州 350002

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曾红亮(1986−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品科学,E-mail:,。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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