Article(id=1320882415841686454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320882022160126288, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010222, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1737561600000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852508744, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1767196800000, pubDateStr=2026-01-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852508744, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852508744, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852508744, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320882022160126288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='498', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1767196800000', pubDateStr='2026-01-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852414884, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852414884, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=159, endPage=167, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320882416118510519, articleId=1320882415841686454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Influence of Different Ultrasonic Treatments on Physicochemical Properties of Sea Red Rice Starch-Lauric Acid Complex, columnId=1261336277291548795, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Research and Investigation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different ultrasonic treatments on the physicochemical properties of the starch-lauric acid complex. The starch-lauric acid complex between the sea red rice starch (SRS) and lauric acid (LA) was prepared using three ultrasonic treatment methods: pre-treatment, co-treatment, and post-treatment. The complex index, particle morphology, crystalline structure, pasting properties, thermal properties and in vitro digestibility of the complexes were systematically analyzed. The results showed that the complex index of the starch-lauric acid complex without ultrasonic treatment (LA-SRS) was 5.66%. Ultrasonic pre-treatment starch-lauric acid complex (LA-USRS) and ultrasonic co-treatment starch-lauric acid complex (ULA-SRS) significantly increased the complex index to 9.95% and 14.24%, respectively, while ultrasonic post-treatment starch-lauric acid complex (LA-SRS-U) decreased to 4.78%. Ultrasonic treatments complex showed significant decrease in the degree of short-range order structure and relative crystallinity (P<0.05). In terms of gelatinization properties, all ultrasonic treatments complex significantly elevated the gelatinization temperature (P<0.05) and reduced the breakdown value, setback value, and final viscosity (P<0.05). Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that ultrasonic treatments enhanced the thermal stability of complex, with the peak temperature increasing from 305.5 ℃ to 317.0 ℃. Additionally, in terms of in vitro digestibility, LA-USRS showed an increase to 37.65% in resistant starch content, compared to SRS. In contrast, ULA-SRS and LA-SRS-U had significantly higher contents of rapidly digested starch and slowly digested starch than SRS (P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that the complex index was significantly positively correlated with gelatinization temperature and peak temperature (P<0.05), and significantly negatively correlated with the degree of short-range ordering and relative crystallinity (P<0.05). Overall, the physicochemical properties of the starch-lauric acid complex were significantly influenced by different ultrasonic treatments. These findings would provide theoretical basis for the development of starch-based foods with tailored digestive behaviors.

, authors=Ping SHI, Jinjuan LU, Jiesi LI, Yuwei JIANG, Siyu LIU, Jiaming HUANG, Jinling HUANG, Xinhui XIAN, Yuansen LIU*, authorsList=Ping SHI, Jinjuan LU, Jiesi LI, Yuwei JIANG, Siyu LIU, Jiaming HUANG, Jinling HUANG, Xinhui XIAN, Yuansen LIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yuansen LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320882419704640454, articleId=1320882415841686454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=不同超声处理对海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物理化性质的影响, columnId=1261336277849391232, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=研究与探讨, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究旨在探讨不同超声处理对海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物理化性质的影响。采用三种超声处理方法(预处理、协同处理和后处理)制备了海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物,并对其复合指数、颗粒形貌、晶体结构、糊化性质、热性质和体外消化性质进行了系统分析。结果表明,未超声处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸的复合指数为5.66%,超声预处理和超声协同处理复合物的复合指数分别提高至9.95%和14.24%,而超声处理后复合物的复合指数降低至4.78%;不同超声处理均显著降低了复合物短程有序程度和相对结晶度(P<0.05);在糊化性质方面,超声处理均显著提高了复合物的糊化温度(P<0.05),同时降低了崩解值、回生值和最终粘度(P<0.05);热重分析显示,超声处理均提高了复合物的热稳定性,峰值温度从305.5 ℃提高至317.0 ℃;此外,在体外消化性质上,超声预处理复合物的抗性淀粉含量与海红米淀粉相比提高至37.65%,超声协同和超声后处理复合物的快消化淀粉和慢消化淀粉含量显著高于海红米淀粉(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,复合物的复合指数与糊化温度和峰值温度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与短程有序程度和相对结晶度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。不同超声处理显著影响海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的理化性质,研究结果可为制备具有特定消化行为的淀粉食品提供理论依据。

, authors=时萍, 卢进娟, 李洁思, 江雨薇, 刘思雨, 黄家铭, 黄津玲, 冼心慧, 刘远森*, authorsList=时萍, 卢进娟, 李洁思, 江雨薇, 刘思雨, 黄家铭, 黄津玲, 冼心慧, 刘远森, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=刘远森, authorNote=

时萍(1998−),女,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:食品生物大分子,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
刘远森(1998−),男,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:淀粉质资源开发与利用,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=6PfaxDEgeRiVS59ekhEk+g==, magXml=yfZ66WRt799th0Y42C3Hww==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=NPjH3OAeXMQ7fdV5jXyaiA==, pdfFileSize=5510595, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=BV3bU5N8IOqtU7CFUPb1SA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=KFDbyTj0gwzx65btjRIzLg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320882420086322123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bbgu040sp@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882420182791117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, authorId=1320882420086322123, language=EN, stringName=Ping SHI, firstName=Ping, middleName=null, lastName=SHI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Marine Food Nutrition and Processing Technology Innovation, Guangxi College and University Key Laboratory of High-value Utilization of Seafood and Prepared Food in Beibu Gulf, College of Food Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882420266677198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, authorId=1320882420086322123, language=CN, stringName=时萍, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=广西壮族自治区海洋食品营养与加工技术创新工程研究中心,广西高校北部湾海产品高值化利用与预制食品重点实验室,北部湾大学食品工程学院,广西钦州 535011, bio={"content":"

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注:不同的小写字母表示样品间存在显著性差异,P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=eIwOjHzowHc+pZUpTZfXtA==, figureFileBig=BV3bU5N8IOqtU7CFUPb1SA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882425895432196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Apparent morphology of sea red rice starch-lauric acid complex with different ultrasonic treatments, figureFileSmall=i6ky7R4z4qe/9AkbmusWTw==, figureFileBig=1ot4LEii08NEo03auja3Cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882425975123973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同超声处理海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的表观形貌, figureFileSmall=i6ky7R4z4qe/9AkbmusWTw==, figureFileBig=1ot4LEii08NEo03auja3Cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882426059010054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Crystal structure of sea red rice starch-lauric acid complex with different ultrasonic treatments, figureFileSmall=2Ux2FPooDNvlzGy6E1JG6A==, figureFileBig=1rnI6RWdB/IzXY0OdCr5dQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882426130313223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同超声处理海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的晶体结构

注:(A)FTIR;(B)去卷积图;(C)XRD。

, figureFileSmall=2Ux2FPooDNvlzGy6E1JG6A==, figureFileBig=1rnI6RWdB/IzXY0OdCr5dQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882426394554376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Pasting curve of sea red rice starch-lauric acid complex with different ultrasonic treatments, figureFileSmall=mO0jp4DzaNDkrNXdhuWiuw==, figureFileBig=LQAFRx1i1ri7zLtMXbq9Og==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882426495217673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同超声处理海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的糊化曲线, figureFileSmall=mO0jp4DzaNDkrNXdhuWiuw==, figureFileBig=LQAFRx1i1ri7zLtMXbq9Og==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882428328128522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Thermogravimetric curve (A) and first derivative diagram (B) of sea red rice starch-lauric acid complex with different ultrasonic treatments, figureFileSmall=wC1Borm64lznVoPrkp4oqg==, figureFileBig=eOQXB18rW4tk5MVNWtv3XQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882428458151947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同超声处理海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的热重曲线(A)及一阶导数图(B), figureFileSmall=wC1Borm64lznVoPrkp4oqg==, figureFileBig=eOQXB18rW4tk5MVNWtv3XQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882428567203852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Digested fragments of sea red rice starch-lauric acid complex with different ultrasonic treatments, figureFileSmall=DUv+0U2L81AgdpzS/eMXzw==, figureFileBig=QlXSWl4aO8oR59MQN1lmmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882428831445005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同超声处理海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的消化片段

注:同一指标样品间不同的小写字母表示存在显著性差异,P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=DUv+0U2L81AgdpzS/eMXzw==, figureFileBig=QlXSWl4aO8oR59MQN1lmmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882428932108302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Correlation analysis of sea red rice starch-lauric acid complex with different ultrasound treatments, figureFileSmall=XGCMnw47iHqYh1C1YSDCAQ==, figureFileBig=b8tf9eS+3agyrIH9Yq6uJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882429024382991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同超声处理海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的相关性分析

注:“*”表示指标间存在显著相关性,P<0.05。椭圆左偏代表负相关,右偏代表正相关。

, figureFileSmall=XGCMnw47iHqYh1C1YSDCAQ==, figureFileBig=b8tf9eS+3agyrIH9Yq6uJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882429104074768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Crystal structure parameters of sea red rice starch-lauric acid complex with different ultrasonic treatments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品1047/1022 cm−11022/995 cm−1相对结晶度(%)
SRS1.40±0.12b0.25±0.06a25.32±0.21e
LA-SRS0.70±0.01a0.79±0.01c24.79±0.23d
LA-USRS 0.66±0.01a0.78±0.01c17.95±0.33a
ULA-SRS0.70±0.08a0.56±0.03b19.63±0.37b
LA-SRS-U0.58±0.01a0.88±0.03d20.28±0.27c
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不同超声处理海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的晶体结构参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品1047/1022 cm−11022/995 cm−1相对结晶度(%)
SRS1.40±0.12b0.25±0.06a25.32±0.21e
LA-SRS0.70±0.01a0.79±0.01c24.79±0.23d
LA-USRS 0.66±0.01a0.78±0.01c17.95±0.33a
ULA-SRS0.70±0.08a0.56±0.03b19.63±0.37b
LA-SRS-U0.58±0.01a0.88±0.03d20.28±0.27c
), ArticleFig(id=1320882429292818450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Parameters of pasting properties of sea red rice starch-lauric acid complex with different ultrasonic treatments

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样品峰值粘度(cP)谷值粘度(cP)崩解值(cP)回生值(cP)最终粘度(cP)糊化温度(℃)
SRS1432±8.19c708±5.86a724±8.54d2131±7.64e2830±17.47e73.11±0.35a
LA-SRS1300±9.61b936±10.50c354±4.04c153±4.04b1089±7.02b77.20±0.34d
LA-USRS1178±9.08a837±7.51b340±4.51b167±3.51c1006±3.46a75.30±0.19c
ULA-SRS1448±5.51d1222±4.04e227±7.51a504±5.51d1725±7.02d73.90±0.26b
LA-SRS-U1418±6.03c1087±5.13d331±4.58b74±2.52a1160±9.54c77.03±0.17d
), ArticleFig(id=1320882429368315923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882415841686454, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同超声处理海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的糊化性质参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品峰值粘度(cP)谷值粘度(cP)崩解值(cP)回生值(cP)最终粘度(cP)糊化温度(℃)
SRS1432±8.19c708±5.86a724±8.54d2131±7.64e2830±17.47e73.11±0.35a
LA-SRS1300±9.61b936±10.50c354±4.04c153±4.04b1089±7.02b77.20±0.34d
LA-USRS1178±9.08a837±7.51b340±4.51b167±3.51c1006±3.46a75.30±0.19c
ULA-SRS1448±5.51d1222±4.04e227±7.51a504±5.51d1725±7.02d73.90±0.26b
LA-SRS-U1418±6.03c1087±5.13d331±4.58b74±2.52a1160±9.54c77.03±0.17d
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不同超声处理对海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物理化性质的影响
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时萍 , 卢进娟 , 李洁思 , 江雨薇 , 刘思雨 , 黄家铭 , 黄津玲 , 冼心慧 , 刘远森 *
食品工业科技 | 研究与探讨 2026,47(1): 159-167
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食品工业科技 |研究与探讨 2026 , 47 (1) : 159 -167
不同超声处理对海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物理化性质的影响
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时萍 , 卢进娟, 李洁思, 江雨薇, 刘思雨, 黄家铭, 黄津玲, 冼心慧, 刘远森*
作者信息
  • 广西壮族自治区海洋食品营养与加工技术创新工程研究中心,广西高校北部湾海产品高值化利用与预制食品重点实验室,北部湾大学食品工程学院,广西钦州 535011
通讯作者:
刘远森(1998−),男,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:淀粉质资源开发与利用,E-mail:。
作者简介:

时萍(1998−),女,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:食品生物大分子,E-mail:

Influence of Different Ultrasonic Treatments on Physicochemical Properties of Sea Red Rice Starch-Lauric Acid Complex
Ping SHI , Jinjuan LU, Jiesi LI, Yuwei JIANG, Siyu LIU, Jiaming HUANG, Jinling HUANG, Xinhui XIAN, Yuansen LIU*
Affiliations
  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Marine Food Nutrition and Processing Technology Innovation, Guangxi College and University Key Laboratory of High-value Utilization of Seafood and Prepared Food in Beibu Gulf, College of Food Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
出版时间: 2026-01-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010222
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本研究旨在探讨不同超声处理对海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物理化性质的影响。采用三种超声处理方法(预处理、协同处理和后处理)制备了海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物,并对其复合指数、颗粒形貌、晶体结构、糊化性质、热性质和体外消化性质进行了系统分析。结果表明,未超声处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸的复合指数为5.66%,超声预处理和超声协同处理复合物的复合指数分别提高至9.95%和14.24%,而超声处理后复合物的复合指数降低至4.78%;不同超声处理均显著降低了复合物短程有序程度和相对结晶度(P<0.05);在糊化性质方面,超声处理均显著提高了复合物的糊化温度(P<0.05),同时降低了崩解值、回生值和最终粘度(P<0.05);热重分析显示,超声处理均提高了复合物的热稳定性,峰值温度从305.5 ℃提高至317.0 ℃;此外,在体外消化性质上,超声预处理复合物的抗性淀粉含量与海红米淀粉相比提高至37.65%,超声协同和超声后处理复合物的快消化淀粉和慢消化淀粉含量显著高于海红米淀粉(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,复合物的复合指数与糊化温度和峰值温度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与短程有序程度和相对结晶度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。不同超声处理显著影响海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的理化性质,研究结果可为制备具有特定消化行为的淀粉食品提供理论依据。

海红米淀粉  /  月桂酸  /  超声  /  结构  /  理化性质

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different ultrasonic treatments on the physicochemical properties of the starch-lauric acid complex. The starch-lauric acid complex between the sea red rice starch (SRS) and lauric acid (LA) was prepared using three ultrasonic treatment methods: pre-treatment, co-treatment, and post-treatment. The complex index, particle morphology, crystalline structure, pasting properties, thermal properties and in vitro digestibility of the complexes were systematically analyzed. The results showed that the complex index of the starch-lauric acid complex without ultrasonic treatment (LA-SRS) was 5.66%. Ultrasonic pre-treatment starch-lauric acid complex (LA-USRS) and ultrasonic co-treatment starch-lauric acid complex (ULA-SRS) significantly increased the complex index to 9.95% and 14.24%, respectively, while ultrasonic post-treatment starch-lauric acid complex (LA-SRS-U) decreased to 4.78%. Ultrasonic treatments complex showed significant decrease in the degree of short-range order structure and relative crystallinity (P<0.05). In terms of gelatinization properties, all ultrasonic treatments complex significantly elevated the gelatinization temperature (P<0.05) and reduced the breakdown value, setback value, and final viscosity (P<0.05). Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that ultrasonic treatments enhanced the thermal stability of complex, with the peak temperature increasing from 305.5 ℃ to 317.0 ℃. Additionally, in terms of in vitro digestibility, LA-USRS showed an increase to 37.65% in resistant starch content, compared to SRS. In contrast, ULA-SRS and LA-SRS-U had significantly higher contents of rapidly digested starch and slowly digested starch than SRS (P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that the complex index was significantly positively correlated with gelatinization temperature and peak temperature (P<0.05), and significantly negatively correlated with the degree of short-range ordering and relative crystallinity (P<0.05). Overall, the physicochemical properties of the starch-lauric acid complex were significantly influenced by different ultrasonic treatments. These findings would provide theoretical basis for the development of starch-based foods with tailored digestive behaviors.

sea red rice starch  /  lauric acid  /  ultrasonic  /  structure  /  physicochemical properties
时萍, 卢进娟, 李洁思, 江雨薇, 刘思雨, 黄家铭, 黄津玲, 冼心慧, 刘远森. 不同超声处理对海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物理化性质的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (1) : 159 -167 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010222
Ping SHI, Jinjuan LU, Jiesi LI, Yuwei JIANG, Siyu LIU, Jiaming HUANG, Jinling HUANG, Xinhui XIAN, Yuansen LIU. Influence of Different Ultrasonic Treatments on Physicochemical Properties of Sea Red Rice Starch-Lauric Acid Complex[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (1) : 159 -167 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010222
淀粉是植物中碳水化合物的主要储存形式,在人类膳食结构中发挥重要作用[1]。淀粉主要由支链淀粉和直链淀粉两种α-D-葡萄糖聚合物构成,其中直链淀粉是一种具有少量分支的线性聚合物,其分子结构中存在疏水性空腔,能够通过非共价作用与脂质(包括油、脂肪或脂肪酸)形成淀粉-脂质复合物[2]。这种淀粉-脂质复合物被归类为第五种抗性淀粉(RS5),与天然淀粉相比,RS5在糊化、老化、溶解度和膨胀度等性质上发生显著变化[3]。此外,这种复合物在结肠中可被微生物发酵利用,生成对人体有益的短链脂肪酸,对预防结肠癌、糖尿病和肥胖等疾病具有积极作用[4]。综上所述,淀粉-脂质复合物因具有独特的性质和潜在的健康益处,受到研究者的广泛关注。
根据已有研究,化学、物理和生物酶法已用于促进RS5的生成[5−7]。其中,超声波作为一种物理技术,因其环保和经济的优点,常用于淀粉改性研究。超声波产生的空化效应形成局部高温高压和高剪切力,能够改变淀粉的理化性质和表面结构,进而促进淀粉-脂质复合物的形成[8−10]。Hao等[11]对玉米淀粉与月桂酸(Lauric acid,LA)复合物的研究发现,随着超声时间的延长,复合指数提高了14.03%。Kang等[12]比较了不同链长(C8~C14)的淀粉-脂肪酸复合物,发现经超声处理的淀粉在糊化过程中会溶出更多的直链淀粉,与未超声处理的复合物相比具有更高的复合指数。此外,不同超声处理对复合物的形成过程产生显著影响。Zhang等[13]探讨了不同超声处理方式对淀粉-脂质复合物及其理化性质的影响。研究结果显示,相较于复合后超声处理,对淀粉进行超声预处理可使淀粉-脂肪酸复合指数提高。然而,关于不同超声处理方式(预处理/协同处理/后处理)对海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的研究仍较为有限。
海红米是一种生长在沿海滩涂的耐盐碱水稻,富含淀粉、蛋白质、膳食纤维和花青素等多种营养成分。海红米淀粉(Sea red rice starch,SRS)作为海红米的主要成分,其颗粒形态与大米淀粉相似,呈不规则多面体,在晶体结构上表现为A型结晶,具有较高的透明度、较低的凝沉性和溶解度[14]。然而,目前关于SRS及其LA复合物(LA-SRS)的消化性质的研究较为有限,特别是不同超声处理方式对LA-SRS的影响方式尚未明确。本研究以SRS为原料,系统探究不同超声处理(预处理、协同处理和后处理)对LA-SRS复合物的复合指数、颗粒形貌、晶体结构、糊化性质、热性质和体外消化性质的影响,旨在改善其理化性质,为海红米淀粉食品的开发提供理论依据。
海红米 钦州市售;氢氧化钠(NaOH) 分析纯,天津奥普升化工有限公司;α-淀粉酶(猪胰腺)(9 U/mg)、淀粉葡萄糖苷酶(1000 U/mg) 分析纯,上海源叶生物科技有限公司;月桂酸、碘、碘化钾 分析纯,上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司;无水乙醇 分析纯,成都市科隆化学品有限公司。
Evolution 201紫外分光光度计 赛默飞世尔科技有限公司(美国);ME303E精密天平 瑞士梅特勒-托利多公司;SHZ-D(III)循环水式多用真空泵 河南省予华仪器有限公司;RVA TECMASTER快速粘度分析仪 珀金埃尔默企业管理(上海)有限公司;TESCAN MIRA LMS扫描电子显微镜 捷克泰思肯贸易(上海)有限公司;iraffinity-1傅里叶变换红外光谱仪 株式会社岛津制作所;TD-3500 X射线衍射仪 丹东通达科技有限公司。
海红米淀粉的提取参照靳宇丹等[15]的方法并作适当修改。具体步骤如下:首先,将海红米样品置于研磨机中充分研磨,过120目筛,制备均匀的粉末状样品。准确称取100 g海红米粉末,按料液比为1:10加入1 L NaOH(0.25 w/v)溶液,将混合物在常温下持续搅拌4 h以去除蛋白质。反应结束后,将混合物在常温下以3000×g离心10 min,收集沉淀物。将沉淀物转移至烘箱中干燥12 h,干燥温度为45 ℃,样品烘干后使用研磨机研磨,过120目筛放入干燥器备用,将提取到的海红米淀粉记为SRS。
参考Zabar等[16]的方法并稍作修改。具体步骤如下:称取10 g(干基)海红米淀粉,置于100 mL蒸馏水中搅拌均匀,制备海红米淀粉悬浮液。称取0.80 g(相当于淀粉重量的8%)的月桂酸,将其溶解于4 mL无水乙醇中,制备月桂酸溶液。将海红米淀粉悬浮液与月桂酸溶液混合均匀,得到海红米淀粉-月桂酸混合溶液。在80 ℃水浴条件下搅拌30 min,使海红米淀粉与月桂酸充分反应,形成复合物。反应结束后,将海红米淀粉-月桂酸溶液冷却至室温,将其以3000×g离心10 min,分离得到沉淀物。将沉淀物用50%乙醇溶液进行清洗,重复清洗3次,去除未反应的LA。最后将清洗后的沉淀物在45 ℃下恒温干燥24 h,使其完全干燥。干燥后的样品进行粉碎,并过120目筛,得到均匀的粉末,放入干燥器中备用,该样品为未经过超声处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物,记为LA-SRS。
称取10 g(干基)海红米淀粉,将其加入100 mL蒸馏水中,搅拌均匀后,在1000 W、40 kHz的条件下超声处理1 h,制备经过超声预处理的海红米淀粉悬浮液。随后,称取0.80 g(相当于淀粉重量的8%)的月桂酸,将其溶解于4 mL无水乙醇中,制备月桂酸溶液。将经过超声预处理的海红米淀粉悬浮液与月桂酸溶液充分混合,得到混合溶液。在80 ℃下恒温搅拌30 min,使其充分反应形成复合物。反应结束后,参考1.2.2.1的步骤进行冷却、离心、清洗、干燥和粉碎处理。得到的样品为经过超声预处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物,记为LA-USRS。
称取10 g(干基)海红米淀粉,将其加入100 mL蒸馏水中,搅拌均匀后得到海红米淀粉悬浮液。随后,称取0.80 g(相当于淀粉重量的8%)的月桂酸,将其溶解于4 mL无水乙醇中,制备月桂酸溶液。将海红米淀粉悬浮液与月桂酸溶液充分混合后,在1000 W、40 kHz的条件下超声处理1 h,得到超声协同处理的淀粉-月桂酸溶液。超声协同处理完成后,将溶液在80 ℃下恒温搅拌30 min,使其进一步反应形成海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物。反应结束后,参考1.2.2.1的步骤进行冷却、离心、清洗、干燥和粉碎处理。最终得到的样品为经过超声协同处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物,记为ULA-SRS。
称取10 g(干基)海红米淀粉于100 mL蒸馏水中,搅拌均匀,制备海红米淀粉悬浮液。随后,称取0.80 g(相当于淀粉重量的8%)的月桂酸,将其溶解于4 mL无水乙醇中,制备月桂酸溶液。将海红米淀粉悬浮液与月桂酸溶液充分混合得到海红米淀粉-月桂酸溶液,并在80 ℃下恒温搅拌30 min,使其充分反应形成复合物。反应结束后,将海红米淀粉-月桂酸溶液在1000 W、40 kHz的条件下超声处理1 h。超声处理结束后,参考1.2.2.1的步骤进行冷却、离心、清洗、干燥和粉碎处理。得到的样品为经过超声后处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物,记为LA-SRS-U。
参考Liu等[17]的方法并稍作修改。首先,准确称取1.2.2中制备的样品0.50 g(干基),将其加入4.5 mL 1 mol/L NaOH和0.5 mL无水乙醇中,混合均匀得到混合物。随后,将混合物在沸水浴中加热10 min使其充分糊化。糊化反应结束后,将混合物冷却至室温,并加蒸馏水定容至50 mL。静置30 min后,吸取上清液2.5 mL,加入1 mL 1 mol/L乙酸溶液和2 mL碘液(由0.5 g I2,5 g KI溶于250 mL蒸馏水中配制而成),得到反应液。再次将反应液定容至50 mL,充分反应后于620 nm处测定海红米淀粉(A)和不同超声处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸(α)的吸光度,以海红米淀粉作为空白对照,并使用以下公式计算复合指数。
$ {\mathrm{CI}}({\text{%}})=\frac{{\mathrm{A}}-{\alpha}}{{\mathrm{A}}}\times 100 $
式中:A表示海红米淀粉的吸光度,a.u.;α表示海红米淀粉-月桂酸的吸光度,a.u.。
使用扫描电子显微镜对海红米淀粉及不同超声处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的形貌进行观察。取适量样品粉末置于样品台,利用氮气吹扫粘固不牢的颗粒,使用离子溅射喷金后再次进行氮气吹扫后进行测试,在1000倍、3000倍和5000倍视野下找到具有代表性的样品。
参照Liu等[18]的方法并作修改,称取10 mg上述1.2.2制备的样品,并将其与KBr充分混合研磨,其中样品与KBr的比例为1:50,将混合好的样品和KBr粉末放入压片机中进行压片,压力为15 MPa,持续时间1 min。随后将薄片置于傅里叶变换红外光谱仪进行测试。仪器参数:光谱范围4000~500 cm−1,扫描32次。得到光谱后使用OMNIC软件进行处理,使用基线校正和平滑处理后,截取1200~800 cm−1光谱曲线,对曲线进行傅里叶去卷积化,设置参数半峰宽为19,增强因子为1.9。
使用X射线衍射仪对海红米淀粉及不同超声处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物样品结晶性质进行测定。将淀粉样品置于XRD石英玻璃片中,使用Cu Kα作为辐射源,电压和电流分别为40 kV和30 mA,以5°/min的扫描速度在2θ=5°~45°之间扫描样品。使用MDI Jade软件进行处理并根据下列公式计算相对结晶度。
$ 相对结晶度({\text{%}})=\frac{{\mathrm{A}}_{\mathrm{c}}}{{\mathrm{A}}_{\mathrm{c}} + {\mathrm{A}}_{\mathrm{a}}}\times 100 $
式中:Ac为结晶区的衍射峰面积,Aa为非结晶区的衍射峰面积。
采用快速粘度测定仪进行糊化性能测定[19]。准确称取1.2.2中制备的干基样品2.0 g,与20 mL蒸馏水混合后置于RVA铝盒进行测试。仪器参数设置:起始温度为50 ℃,保持1 min。随后以12.2 ℃/min的速率从50 ℃加热到95 ℃,并在95 ℃下恒温保持2.5 min。之后以16 ℃/min的速率从95 ℃降温至50 ℃,最后在50 ℃下保持2 min。搅拌速度前10 s为960 r/min,10 s后直至测试结束搅拌速度保持在160 r/min。通过配套软件记录海红米淀粉和不同超声处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的粘度数据。
参照Liu等[19]的方法进行测试,海红米淀粉及不同超声处理的海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的热重分析采用同步热分析仪进行。测试条件为40~600 ℃,升温速率为10 ℃/min,氮气流速为50 mL/min。
参照Englyst等[20]的方法并作修改,准确称取1.2.2制备的样品0.10 g,将其加入10 mL磷酸盐缓冲液(pH6.2,0.1 mol/L)中混合均匀,随后加入3 mL的猪胰腺α-淀粉酶(250 U/g)和淀粉葡萄糖苷酶(260 U/mL)混合酶液模拟体外消化,得到反应液。将反应液于37 ℃下分别反应0、20、120 min,其中,反应时间为0 min的实验采用3 mL蒸馏水代替上述混合酶液。消化反应结束后,将反应液置于沸水中煮沸10 min,使消化酶失活。随后,将反应液以3000×g离心10 min,取上清液并稀释至合适浓度,取2 mL稀释液加入2 mL二硝基水杨酸(DNS)充分混合均匀,并将其置于沸水浴中显色8 min。显色反应结束后将反应液冷却至室温,用蒸馏水定容至25 mL,并在540 nm波长下测定吸光值,代入葡萄糖标准曲线(y=1.0482x+0.0035,R2=0.9992)中计算得到葡萄糖含量。根据下述公式计算快消化淀粉(Rapidly digested starch,RDS)、慢消化淀粉(Slowly digested starch,SDS)和抗性淀粉(Resistant starch,RS)含量。
$ {\mathrm{RDS}}({\text{%}})=\frac{({\mathrm{G}}_{20}-{\mathrm{G}}_0)\times 0.9}{{\mathrm{M}}}\times 100 $
$ {\mathrm{SDS}}({\text{%}})=\frac{({\mathrm{G}}_{120}-{\mathrm{G}}_{20})\times 0.9}{{\mathrm{M}}}\times 100 $
$ {\text{RS}}(\text{%})=100-{\mathrm{RDS}}-{\mathrm{SDS}} $
式中:G20为酶解20 min葡萄糖的含量,mg;G120为酶解120 min葡萄糖的含量,mg;G0为酶解0 min葡萄糖的含量,mg;M为称取样品的质量,mg;0.9为转换因子。
所有实验均重复3次,数值表示为平均值±标准差(SD)。使用IBM SPSS Statistics 26进行单因素方差分析(ANOVA),P<0.05被认为差异具有统计学意义。使用Origin 2024进行绘图,并进行皮尔逊相关性计算和热图的绘制。
海红米淀粉-月桂酸的复合程度可以通过碘比色法测定其复合指数,复合指数是用于量化淀粉与脂肪酸结合程度及复合物特性的指标。不同超声处理对复合物的复合指数影响如图1所示。结果表明,LA-SRS的复合指数为5.66%±0.15%,超声预处理样品LA-USRS复合指数显著提高到9.95%±0.21%(P<0.05),使用超声协同处理后,ULA-SRS复合指数提高至14.24%±0.05%,表明超声协同处理可以促进LA进入海红米淀粉的疏水空腔并形成复合物。超声过程形成的空化效应使LA在淀粉悬浮液中具有更好的分散性,提高了反应效率,其他研究中也得到了相似的结果[21]。然而,对复合物进行超声后处理后,LA-SRS-U的复合指数显著低于LA-SRS(P<0.05),为4.78%±0.04%,表明超声后处理破坏了通过疏水相互作用等非共价作用形成的LA-SRS复合物结构。不同超声处理对淀粉-脂肪酸复合物的形成产生影响。此外,淀粉-脂肪酸的复合指数与淀粉的种类有关,根据贾健辉等[22]报道,大米淀粉-月桂酸复合指数达到26.77%±0.35%,本研究中海红米淀粉存在的花色苷可能对海红米淀粉-脂肪酸复合物的形成产生阻碍作用,导致海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的复合指数低于大米淀粉-脂肪酸复合物。
SRS、LA-SRS及不同超声处理海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的表观形貌如图2所示,结果表明,SRS呈现不规则的多面体结构。从电镜中观察到LA-SRS、LA-USRS、ULA-SRS和LA-SRS-U形成了块状结构[9],在淀粉-脂肪酸的相关研究中也得到了相同结论[23]。ULA-SRS具有最光滑的表面,超声协同处理促进了淀粉与脂肪酸在水中的分散效果,从而使复合物的表面更加均匀[24]。LA-SRS-U与LA-SRS相比表面更加粗糙,进一步观察发现LA-SRS-U表面结构具有更多的凹陷和裂痕,超声后处理产生的空化效应破坏淀粉表面和结构[25]。不同超声处理对淀粉-复合物的形成具有不同影响,适宜的超声条件可以改变淀粉-脂肪酸复合物表面结构,对探索淀粉基食品的应用具有重要意义。
淀粉的晶体结构可以通过FTIR和XRD进行表征,SRS、LA-SRS及不同超声处理复合物的晶体结构如图3和表1所示。图3A显示,LA-SRS、LA-USRS、ULA-SRS和LA-SRS-U在2850和1730 cm−1出现了新的化学键,分别为亚甲基和羰基的振动峰[11],表明LA与SRS形成了复合结构,Raza等[9]在相关研究中也得到了相似结论,超声过程是一种物理变化,不会引起化学键的变化。淀粉的傅里叶红外光谱经过去卷积后,使用1047/1022 cm−1和1022/995 cm−1的比值表征淀粉的短程有序结构[18]。不同超声处理在LA-SRS复合物中没有产生新的化学键(图3A),但是对淀粉的短程有序结构产生显著影响。SRS的1047/1022 cm−1和1022/995 cm−1分别为1.40±0.12和0.25±0.06,LA-SRS的1047/1022 cm−1和1022/995 cm−1分别为0.70±0.01和0.79±0.01,脂肪酸的添加降低了LA-SRS的1047/1022 cm−1比值,提高了1022/995 cm−1比值,表明LA-SRS短程有序程度的降低。不同超声处理对SRS的晶体结构产生影响,与LA-SRS相比,LA-USRS和LA-SRS-U的短程有序程度进一步降低,其中,LA-SRS-U的1047/1022 cm−1降低至0.58±0.01,1022/995 cm−1显著升高至0.88±0.03(P<0.05),超声处理进一步破坏了短程有序结构[26]。SRS、LA-SRS及不同超声处理复合物的XRD图谱如图3C所示,SRS在15°、17°、18°和23°存在结晶峰,为典型的A型淀粉。LA-SRS、LA-USRS、ULA-SRS和LA-SRS-U在20°附近出现结晶峰,呈现出V型结晶结构[26]。SRS的相对结晶度为25.32%±0.21%,LA-SRS的相对结晶度显著降低至24.79%±0.23%(P<0.05)。复合过程中的高温环境使淀粉糊化,破坏了淀粉的结晶区,导致相对结晶度下降。此外,超声的空化效应进一步破坏了SRS的晶体结构,LA-USRS和ULA-SRS的相对结晶度分别为17.95%±0.33%和19.63%±0.37%,LA-SRS-U的相对结晶度与LA-SRS相比显著下降至20.28%±0.27%(P<0.05)。松散的晶体结构使脂肪酸分子更容易进入到内部与淀粉形成复合物,表现为复合指数的升高。此外,超声协同处理增强了LA在体系中的分散性,促进低结晶度的Ⅰ型复合物的生成,ULA-SRS的相对结晶度高于LA-USRS的相对结晶度。
不同超声处理对海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的糊化性质影响如图4和表2所示。结果表明,LA的加入改变了糊化曲线,SRS与LA-SRS在糊化参数(峰值粘度、谷值粘度、崩解值、回生值、最终粘度和糊化温度)上存在显著差异(P<0.05),LA-SRS、LA-USRS、ULA-SRS和LA-SRS-U的糊化温度为73.90±0.26~77.20±0.34 ℃,高于SRS。与SRS相比,LA-SRS的峰值粘度从1432±8.19 cP显著降低至1300±9.61 cP(P<0.05),LA与SRS的相互作用阻碍淀粉和水分子接触[27],从而抑制了SRS的糊化作用。LA-USRS(1178±9.08 cP)表现出显著低于LA-SRS的峰值粘度(P<0.05),淀粉颗粒结构因超声作用被破坏,LA更容易进入淀粉分子并与之发生疏水相互作用形成复合物,导致复合指数的提高(图1),进一步抑制淀粉的糊化作用。ULA-SRS的峰值粘度相比LA-SRS显著提高(P<0.05),超声作用使LA在水介质中均匀分散,同时增强了分子间的氢键相互作用,从而提高糊化粘度,在癸酸-玉米淀粉复合物的报道中具有相似结论[5]。崩解值是衡量淀粉-脂肪酸复合物热稳定性的指标之一,崩解值越低,表明复合物热稳定性越好[28]。SRS的崩解值为724±8.54 cP,是所有复合物中最高的,表明其热稳定性最差。LA及不同超声处理增强了SRS的热稳定性,其中ULA-SRS具有最低的崩解值(227±7.51 cP)。此外,LA-SRS和不同超声处理的LA-SRS均具有更低的回生值,脂肪酸的加入抑制了淀粉的重结晶和老化过程,具有作为添加剂加入冷冻食品(如冰淇淋、速冻面团)的应用潜力,减少冰晶形成和质地劣化。
根据图5的热重分析结果及一阶导数图,海红米淀粉、海红米淀粉-月桂酸及不同阶段超声制备的海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的热降解可分为两个阶段,第一阶段是由于水分蒸发引起的轻微质量损失,第二阶段为复合物的热降解形成的主要质量损失[29]。与SRS相比,LA的加入导致热重曲线的右移,同时主要质量损失的峰值温度从302.7 ℃升高至305.5~317 ℃,表明脂肪酸的加入提高了SRS的热稳定性[30],这一结论与上述崩解值的降低所得结论一致。此外,不同超声处理增强了LA-SRS的热稳定性,LA-USRS、ULA-SRS和LA-SRS-U的峰值温度为314.1~317 ℃,显著高于LA-SRS的305.5 ℃。形成的复合物结构是导致热性质发生变化的原因,据报道,淀粉-脂肪酸能形成Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型络合物。当温度低于60 ℃时,淀粉-脂肪酸成核速度快,易形成结晶度较低的Ⅰ型络合物;而当温度高于90 ℃时,成核速度慢,倾向于形成结晶度高的Ⅱ型络合物[3,8]。其中,Ⅰ型络合物的分解温度较低(90~104 ℃)[31]。本研究制备淀粉-脂肪酸复合物使用的复合温度为80 ℃,在该温度下可能同时形成了Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型络合物,进一步观察图5A和图5B发现,ULA-SRS在100 ℃下具有最高的质量损失及质量损失速率。推测除了水分引起的质量损失外,Ⅰ型络合物的分解进一步增大了ULA-SRS的质量损失,表明ULA-SRS可能具有更多的淀粉-脂肪酸复合结构,这一结论与ULA-SRS具有最高的复合指数的结果一致。
不同超声处理对海红米淀粉-月桂酸消化性质的影响如图6所示。根据消化速度和时间,淀粉在人体内的类型可分为快消化淀粉(Rapidly digested starch,RDS)、慢消化淀粉(Slowly digested starch,SDS)和抗性淀粉(Resistant starch,RS)。结果表明,海红米淀粉与月桂酸复合后,其消化性质发生变化。LA-SRS的RDS、SDS和RS分别为29.93%±0.04%、32.02%±0.05%和38.05%±0.09%,与SRS相比,RDS和SDS含量显著降低,RS含量显著提高了8.07%(P<0.05)。脂肪酸增强了淀粉对酶解的抵抗力,减缓了消化过程,有助于调节人体血糖水平,这与淀粉-脂质复合体的形成和结构密切相关[32]。不同超声处理对复合物的形成产生了不同影响,LA-USRS的RDS和SDS含量显著低于SRS(P<0.05),RS含量为37.65%±0.11%,显著高于SRS的RS含量(P<0.05)。LA-USRS的RDS含量高于LA-SRS,而RS含量和SDS含量低于LA-SRS,表明超声预处理后的LA-USRS比未超声的LA-SRS具有更低的酶抗性。超声作用促进了直链淀粉溶出,并在低于90 ℃条件下形成了Ⅰ型淀粉-脂肪酸络合物,导致其复合指数提高,然而,Ⅰ型络合物的结晶度较低(表1),淀粉酶更容易与淀粉分子反应,从而改变消化性能。此外,ULA-SRS、LA-SRS-U与SRS相比表现出更高的RDS、SDS含量和更低的RS含量,LA-USRS与SRS相比具有更低的RDS、SDS含量和更高的RS含量(P<0.05)。表明不同超声处理能够调控淀粉不同消化片段的形成,从而制备具有不同消化行为的变性淀粉。在其他研究中,超声可以改善淀粉消化性质,提高RS含量,降低RDS和SDS含量[11]。Shi等[33]研究了300~525 W的超声后处理对淀粉-脂肪酸复合物的影响,结果表明超声后处理导致RDS含量降低,而RS含量增高。这一结果与本文的结论存在差异,可能源于超声强度的不同。不同的超声处理导致海红米淀粉的消化行为发生改变,RS和SDS的提高对于开发低血糖指数健康食品具有积极意义。
SRS、LA-SRS及不同超声处理复合物的相关性图如图7所示。结果表明,在糊化性质和热性质上,复合指数与谷值粘度、糊化温度和峰值温度存在显著正相关性(r分别为0.696*、0.722*和0.658*),与崩解值、最终粘度和残余质量呈显著负相关(r分别为−0.846*、−0.580*和−0.925*),糊化温度和峰值温度随着复合指数提高而增加,而崩解值随复合指数的升高而降低,表明超声预处理和超声协同处理有助于提高淀粉的热稳定性;在晶体结构方面,复合指数与1047/1022 cm−1和相对结晶度呈现显著负相关性(r分别为−0.642*和−0.735*),复合指数与1022/995 cm−1呈正相关关系但无显著性(r=0.325)。超声预处理复合物和超声协同处理复合物的晶体结构因超声产生的空化效应而受到破坏,从而促进淀粉-脂肪酸复合物的形成,提高了复合指数,同时短程有序程度和相对结晶度显著下降(P<0.05);在消化行为上,复合指数与RDS和SDS含量呈正相关(r=0.472和0.201),但未达到显著水平,复合指数与RS呈负相关性(r=−0.338)且无显著性。相对结晶度与RDS和SDS含量呈负相关(r分别为−0.492和−0.237),与RS含量呈正相关(r=0.368),更高的相对结晶度表明淀粉具有更多的结晶区域,从而产生更强的抗消化性。
采用不同阶段的超声处理(预处理、协同处理和后处理)对海红米淀粉-月桂酸复合物的形成进行研究。结果表明,不同超声处理对复合物的复合指数、颗粒形貌、晶体结构、糊化性质、热性质和体外消化性质产生影响。与LA-SRS复合物相比,LA-USRS和ULA-SRS的相互作用更强,形成更多Ⅰ型络合物,其复合指数分别为9.95%±0.21%和14.24%±0.05%。复合物的形成提高了淀粉的糊化温度,并且具有更低的崩解值和回生值,改善了SRS的热稳定性。此外,月桂酸和不同超声处理破坏了SRS的晶体结构和表面结构,导致短程有序程度降低、相对结晶度降低,超声后处理复合物形成更粗糙的表面。LA-SRS与SRS相比具有更强的抗消化性,不同超声处理的淀粉-脂肪酸复合物具有不同的消化行为,具体表现为超声预处理复合物(LA-USRS)显著提高了RS含量(P<0.05),而超声协同处理和超声后处理复合物(ULA-SRS和LA-SRS-U)的RDS含量和SDS含量显著升高(P<0.05)。因此,可以通过控制超声处理顺序改变淀粉-脂肪酸复合物的消化性能。本研究的结果为定制化具有特定消化行为的淀粉产品提供理论依据。

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2026年第47卷第1期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010222
  • 接收时间:2025-01-23
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-01-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-23
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    广西壮族自治区海洋食品营养与加工技术创新工程研究中心,广西高校北部湾海产品高值化利用与预制食品重点实验室,北部湾大学食品工程学院,广西钦州 535011

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刘远森(1998−),男,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向:淀粉质资源开发与利用,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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