Article(id=1320882033593795191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320882022160126288, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024110258, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1732032000000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852417609, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1767196800000, pubDateStr=2026-01-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852417609, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852417609, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852417609, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320882022160126288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='498', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1767196800000', pubDateStr='2026-01-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852414884, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852414884, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=236, endPage=249, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320882033807704696, articleId=1320882033593795191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Optimization of Simmering Process of Bone Broth from Different Bone Types and Analysis of Volatile Flavors, columnId=1261343843090313538, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Processing Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
In order to optimize the simmering process of bone broth for hotpot soup, a single-factor experiments of bone ratio, material-liquid ratio, simmering time and simmering temperature was conducted using cow, pig and chicken bones as raw materials. The total nitrogen dissolution rate (TNDR) and sensory score of the bone broth were used as evaluation indexes. The Box-Behnken response surface methodology was employed to optimize the bone broth stewing process. Flavor analysis was conducted using an electronic nose and headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) detection, with relative odor activity value (ROAV) combined with quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) for flavor analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to correlate characteristic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in bone broth from different raw materials with electronic nose data. The results showed that when the bone ratio (cow bone:pig bone:chicken bone) was 3:5:2, the material-liquid ratio was 1:4, the simmering time was 5 h, and the simmering temperature was 96 ℃ at atmospheric pressure, the TNDR of the bone broth under these conditions was the highest of 64.88%, and the organoleptic score was the highest of 86.45 points, and the bone broth was milky in color, with a strong fragrance and a mellow texture. Analyzed by electronic nose and HS-SPME-GC-MS, a total of 49 VOCs were detected in the four samples. The mixed bone broth yielded more benzene and amine flavor substances, and also increased the response values of W1S, W1W, W2S, and W2W, with a more significant flavor. There were 25 key VOCs specifically analyzed for ROAV≥1. A total of three key VOCs for the four samples were octanal, nonanal, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one. A strong correlation was found between the electronic nose signals and the 12 characteristic VOCs that had high flavor contributions (ROAV≥1 and VIP≥1). This study can provide a basis for the industrial flavor optimization of bone broth in hotpot soup and the innovative application of modern cooking technology.
, authors=Liufang XU
1, Xiang LI
1, Dayu LIU
1, *, Zili ZHENG
1, Yi MA
1, Ya DAI
1, Ting BAI
1, Jinfeng CHEN
2, Hongqiang SUN
3, *, authorsList=Liufang XU, Xiang LI, Dayu LIU, Zili ZHENG, Yi MA, Ya DAI, Ting BAI, Jinfeng CHEN, Hongqiang SUN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Dayu LIU, Hongqiang SUN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320882037444166285, articleId=1320882033593795191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=不同骨类的骨汤炖煮工艺优化及挥发性风味分析, columnId=1261343845481066826, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=工艺技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
为了优化火锅汤料的骨汤炖煮工艺,以牛棒骨、猪棒骨和鸡棒骨为原料,对骨类比、料液比、炖煮时间和炖煮温度进行单因素分析。以骨汤的总氮溶出率(total nitrogen dissolution rate,TNDR)和感官评分为评价指标。利用Box-Behnken响应面对骨汤炖煮工艺进行优化,电子鼻和顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱法(headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometer,HS-SPME-GC-MS)检测,相对气味活度值(relative odor activity value,ROAV)结合定量描述分析法(quantitative descriptive analysis,QDA)进行风味分析,联合正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)对不同原料的骨汤特征挥发性化合物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)与电子鼻数据进行相关性分析。结果表明:当常压下,骨类比(牛骨:猪骨:鸡骨)为3:5:2、料液比1:4、炖煮时间5 h、炖煮温度96 ℃时,此条件下骨汤的TNDR最高为64.88%,感官评分最高为86.45分,骨汤颜色乳白、香味浓郁、口感醇厚。经电子鼻和HS-SPME-GC-MS分析,四种样品共检测出49种VOCs。混合骨汤中产出更多的苯类和胺类风味物质,同时增加了W1S、W1W、W2S和W2W的响应值,风味更加显著。具体分析ROAV≥1的关键VOCs有25种,四种样品共有3个关键VOCs为辛醛、壬醛、甲基庚烯酮。通过对骨汤风味贡献大的物质ROAV≥1且VIP≥1的12种特征VOCs与电子鼻信号相关联,发现它们之间有较强的相关性。本研究可为火锅汤料中骨汤的工业化风味优化及现代烹饪技术的创新应用提供依据。
, authors=徐流芳
1, 李翔
1, 刘达玉
1, *, 郑自立
1, 马艺
1, 戴雅
1, 白婷
1, 陈金凤
2, 孙鸿强
3, *, authorsList=徐流芳, 李翔, 刘达玉, 郑自立, 马艺, 戴雅, 白婷, 陈金凤, 孙鸿强, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=刘达玉, 孙鸿强, authorNote=
, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=YHn4GzlgngFx4kqp0GyZXQ==, magXml=UHFyuIkuCdiplzzxlscI9Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=qvnRpfJcGxV80fwCo7AQIw==, pdfFileSize=6370635, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=vjt6XvouTy+86yUpjYJdxA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Ei30jh4EiHZtRO5nZBwfAg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320882037964259992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=2632676980@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882038043951770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, authorId=1320882037964259992, language=EN, stringName=Liufang XU, firstName=Liufang, middleName=null, lastName=XU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1成都大学食品与生物工程学院,肉类加工四川省重点实验室,四川成都 610106, bio={"content":"
李翔(1974−),女,博士,教授,研究方向:食品贮藏与加工,E-mail:173212408@qq.com
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1成都大学食品与生物工程学院,肉类加工四川省重点实验室,四川成都 610106, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882037679047310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882037687435919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, companyId=1320882037679047310, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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1成都大学食品与生物工程学院,肉类加工四川省重点实验室,四川成都 610106, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882037679047310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882037687435919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, companyId=1320882037679047310, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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1College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610106, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882040787026612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, authorId=1320882040657003185, language=CN, stringName=戴雅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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Cololabis saira with different pretreatments by solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electronic tongue[J]. Food Science, 2024, 45(11): 186−191., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882055265764149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=45, rfOrder=66, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=白庆祥. 蒸汽爆破制备猪骨汤工艺研究[D]. 无锡: 江南大学, 2023. [BAI Qingxiang. Study on preparation of pig bone soup by steam explosion[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2023.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882055337067318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=45, rfOrder=67, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAI Qingxiang. Study on preparation of pig bone soup by steam explosion[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2023., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882037679047310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882037687435919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, companyId=1320882037679047310, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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Effect of raw bone ratio on the qualityof bone broth in hot pot soup, figureFileSmall=VEqm0v+BjT9i/Hn72zecHQ==, figureFileBig=vjt6XvouTy+86yUpjYJdxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882042208895695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
原料骨比例对火锅汤料的骨汤品质的影响注:各指标中不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),图2~图4、图7同。
, figureFileSmall=VEqm0v+BjT9i/Hn72zecHQ==, figureFileBig=vjt6XvouTy+86yUpjYJdxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882042418610896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Effect of solid-liquid ratio on the qualityof bone broth in hot pot soup, figureFileSmall=pV1r9gbaWkoESZvob77YZA==, figureFileBig=AEeQ0x62+ZpH5ltBPOehBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882042481525457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
料液比对火锅汤料的骨汤品质的影响, figureFileSmall=pV1r9gbaWkoESZvob77YZA==, figureFileBig=AEeQ0x62+ZpH5ltBPOehBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882042548634322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Effect of braising temperature on the quality of bone broth in hot pot soup, figureFileSmall=v3gm1D+XdJwbGiegI85blw==, figureFileBig=lvbONVSyqjc80u8uTj0B5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882042611548883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
炖煮温度对火锅汤料得到骨汤品质的影响, figureFileSmall=v3gm1D+XdJwbGiegI85blw==, figureFileBig=lvbONVSyqjc80u8uTj0B5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882042678657748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Effect of braising time on the quality of bone broth obtained from hot pot soup, figureFileSmall=XtHg3DHNMkapjNs8y7KeNQ==, figureFileBig=yw0emCMPLzLIbjaqtc2p0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882044318630613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
炖煮时间对火锅汤料的骨汤品质的影响, figureFileSmall=XtHg3DHNMkapjNs8y7KeNQ==, figureFileBig=yw0emCMPLzLIbjaqtc2p0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882044419293910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Response surface of interaction of various factors on total nitrogen dissolution rate (a, b, c) and sensory score (d, e, f), figureFileSmall=1xvQo/T2xFL1qbZOODZx1w==, figureFileBig=iw54jwnZvz9K4zG+Li8sSQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882044498985687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
各因素交互作用对TNDR(a、b、c)和感官评价(d、e、f)影响的响应曲面, figureFileSmall=1xvQo/T2xFL1qbZOODZx1w==, figureFileBig=iw54jwnZvz9K4zG+Li8sSQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882044566094552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Electronic nose radar and PCA analysis of different bone soup, figureFileSmall=hBnU3xpDtuBRUYIb1YAQng==, figureFileBig=IbLIcR+mU94XBDrlf8172A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882044641592025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
不同骨汤电子鼻雷达图及PCA分析, figureFileSmall=hBnU3xpDtuBRUYIb1YAQng==, figureFileBig=IbLIcR+mU94XBDrlf8172A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882044700312282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Total ion flow chromatogram of volatile flavor components in different bone soups (a), Venn diagram (b) and column diagram of VOCs species (c) and relative content (d), figureFileSmall=SCBOY4HXytEvbiObKNsHpw==, figureFileBig=p+xC4BYooNwQYI9qsCXj6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882044800975579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
不同骨汤挥发性风味成分总离子流色谱图(a)、韦恩图(b)及VOCs种类柱状图(c)和相对含量(d), figureFileSmall=SCBOY4HXytEvbiObKNsHpw==, figureFileBig=p+xC4BYooNwQYI9qsCXj6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882044863890140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Evaluation of aroma characteristics of different bone soups, figureFileSmall=oWLhX6VkchGcJTzWO6RIDA==, figureFileBig=Kr9pRTCeRDtQzkUvumXSIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882044935193309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
不同骨汤香气特征评价, figureFileSmall=oWLhX6VkchGcJTzWO6RIDA==, figureFileBig=Kr9pRTCeRDtQzkUvumXSIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882045019079390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
OPLS-DA score chart (a), VIP value (b) and displacement retention chart (c) of volatile compounds in different bone broth samples, figureFileSmall=EnF9AjSVzoGDmd4pPrD1+w==, figureFileBig=i8g3hAtlLKt/CPoDm0rAdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882045086188255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
不同骨汤样品挥发性化合物含量的OPLS-DA得分图(a)、VIP值(b)及置换保留图(c), figureFileSmall=EnF9AjSVzoGDmd4pPrD1+w==, figureFileBig=i8g3hAtlLKt/CPoDm0rAdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882045161685728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Correlation between main volatile compounds and electronic nose, figureFileSmall=CjFyM+31qVfE5N8eCr1ReA==, figureFileBig=GWUBkPBKWCNJNxXHhoI+KQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882045228794593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
主要挥发性化合物与电子鼻的相关性注:*P≤0.05、**P≤0.01、***P≤0.001。
, figureFileSmall=CjFyM+31qVfE5N8eCr1ReA==, figureFileBig=GWUBkPBKWCNJNxXHhoI+KQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882045295903458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Braised bone soup sensory scoring criteria
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 权重 | 评分标准 |
|---|
| 0~4 | 5~8 | 9~12 | 13~16 | 17~20 |
|---|
| 香味 | 20 | 腥味重,无香味 | 腥味较强,香味淡 | 腥味一般,有香味 | 腥味弱,香味一般 | 无腥味,香味浓郁 |
| 味道 | 20 | 口感如同清水,鲜味被完全掩盖 | 风味存在明显缺陷,刚好达到及格线,需要改进 | 风味良好,达到可接受的标准,无明显重大缺陷,但缺乏亮点 | 风味优秀,协调性好,有明显满足感 | 味达到完美平衡,层次复杂,令人印象深刻,回味悠长 |
| 口感 | 20 | 无鲜味,口感差 | 鲜味不明显,口感淡 | 鲜味淡,口感一般 | 鲜味明显,口感明显 | 鲜味浓郁,口感好 |
| 色泽 | 20 | 颜色发暗,不透明 | 浅灰色,不透明 | 浅黄色,透明度差 | 灰白色,半透明 | 乳白色,透明清亮 |
| 总体满意度 | 20 | 无法接受 | 可接受差 | 可接受一般 | 可接受较高 | 可接受高 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882045358818019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
骨汤感官评分标准
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 权重 | 评分标准 |
|---|
| 0~4 | 5~8 | 9~12 | 13~16 | 17~20 |
|---|
| 香味 | 20 | 腥味重,无香味 | 腥味较强,香味淡 | 腥味一般,有香味 | 腥味弱,香味一般 | 无腥味,香味浓郁 |
| 味道 | 20 | 口感如同清水,鲜味被完全掩盖 | 风味存在明显缺陷,刚好达到及格线,需要改进 | 风味良好,达到可接受的标准,无明显重大缺陷,但缺乏亮点 | 风味优秀,协调性好,有明显满足感 | 味达到完美平衡,层次复杂,令人印象深刻,回味悠长 |
| 口感 | 20 | 无鲜味,口感差 | 鲜味不明显,口感淡 | 鲜味淡,口感一般 | 鲜味明显,口感明显 | 鲜味浓郁,口感好 |
| 色泽 | 20 | 颜色发暗,不透明 | 浅灰色,不透明 | 浅黄色,透明度差 | 灰白色,半透明 | 乳白色,透明清亮 |
| 总体满意度 | 20 | 无法接受 | 可接受差 | 可接受一般 | 可接受较高 | 可接受高 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882045425926884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Box-Behnken factors and levels
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 编码 | A料液比 | B炖煮温度(℃) | C炖煮时间(h) |
|---|
| −1 | 1:3 | 90 | 4 |
| 0 | 1:4 | 95 | 5 |
| 1 | 1:5 | 100 | 6 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882045514007269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
Box-Behnken因素和水平
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 编码 | A料液比 | B炖煮温度(℃) | C炖煮时间(h) |
|---|
| −1 | 1:3 | 90 | 4 |
| 0 | 1:4 | 95 | 5 |
| 1 | 1:5 | 100 | 6 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882045585310438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Electronic nose chemical sensors and their main response substances
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 阵列序号 | 传感器 | 性能描述 | 标准物质 (检测限(mg/kg)) |
|---|
| 1 | W1C | 芳香族成分 | 甲苯(10) |
| 2 | W5S | 对氮氧化物灵敏度大 | NO2(1) |
| 3 | W3C | 对胺类、芳香成分灵敏 | 苯(10) |
| 4 | W6S | 对氢化物有选择性 | H2(0.1) |
| 5 | W5C | 烷烃芳香成分 | 丙烷(1) |
| 6 | W1S | 对甲基类灵敏 | CH4(100) |
| 7 | W1W | 对硫化物灵敏 | H2S(1) |
| 8 | W2S | 对醇类、醛酮类灵敏 | CO (100) |
| 9 | W2W | 对芳香成分、有机硫化物灵敏 | H2S(1) |
| 10 | W3S | 对高浓度烷烃灵敏 | CH3 (10) |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882045681779431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
电子鼻化学传感器及其主要响应的物质
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 阵列序号 | 传感器 | 性能描述 | 标准物质 (检测限(mg/kg)) |
|---|
| 1 | W1C | 芳香族成分 | 甲苯(10) |
| 2 | W5S | 对氮氧化物灵敏度大 | NO2(1) |
| 3 | W3C | 对胺类、芳香成分灵敏 | 苯(10) |
| 4 | W6S | 对氢化物有选择性 | H2(0.1) |
| 5 | W5C | 烷烃芳香成分 | 丙烷(1) |
| 6 | W1S | 对甲基类灵敏 | CH4(100) |
| 7 | W1W | 对硫化物灵敏 | H2S(1) |
| 8 | W2S | 对醇类、醛酮类灵敏 | CO (100) |
| 9 | W2W | 对芳香成分、有机硫化物灵敏 | H2S(1) |
| 10 | W3S | 对高浓度烷烃灵敏 | CH3 (10) |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882045761471208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Box-Behnken response surface test results
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 试验号 | A | B | C | TNDR(%) | 感官评分 |
|---|
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 53.14 | 85.12 |
| 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66.53 | 85.78 |
| 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 62.54 | 76.72 |
| 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 67.21 | 82.96 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 58.36 | 69.68 |
| 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 65.75 | 86.29 |
| 7 | −1 | −1 | 0 | 41.45 | 72.25 |
| 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64.35 | 85.43 |
| 9 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 56.73 | 73.16 |
| 10 | 1 | −1 | 0 | 41.62 | 72.22 |
| 11 | 0 | −1 | 1 | 48.07 | 72.59 |
| 12 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 55.57 | 75.25 |
| 13 | −1 | 0 | −1 | 55.52 | 75.56 |
| 14 | −1 | 0 | 1 | 57.14 | 71.71 |
| 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66.82 | 84.56 |
| 16 | 1 | 0 | −1 | 59.17 | 64.48 |
| 17 | 0 | −1 | −1 | 31.81 | 71.36 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882045849551593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
Box-Behnken响应面试验结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 试验号 | A | B | C | TNDR(%) | 感官评分 |
|---|
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 53.14 | 85.12 |
| 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66.53 | 85.78 |
| 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 62.54 | 76.72 |
| 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 67.21 | 82.96 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 58.36 | 69.68 |
| 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 65.75 | 86.29 |
| 7 | −1 | −1 | 0 | 41.45 | 72.25 |
| 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64.35 | 85.43 |
| 9 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 56.73 | 73.16 |
| 10 | 1 | −1 | 0 | 41.62 | 72.22 |
| 11 | 0 | −1 | 1 | 48.07 | 72.59 |
| 12 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 55.57 | 75.25 |
| 13 | −1 | 0 | −1 | 55.52 | 75.56 |
| 14 | −1 | 0 | 1 | 57.14 | 71.71 |
| 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66.82 | 84.56 |
| 16 | 1 | 0 | −1 | 59.17 | 64.48 |
| 17 | 0 | −1 | −1 | 31.81 | 71.36 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882045925049066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Results of regression analysis of total nitrogen dissolution rate and sensory score regression
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 方差来源 | TNDR | | 感官评分 |
|---|
| 平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F值 | P值 | 显著性 | | 平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F值 | P值 | 显著性 |
|---|
| 模型 | 1636.53 | 9 | 181.84 | 73.92 | < 0.0001 | *** | | 713.36 | 9 | 79.26 | 16.43 | 0.0006 | *** |
| A | 18.03 | 1 | 18.03 | 7.33 | 0.0303 | * | | 17.02 | 1 | 17.02 | 3.53 | 0.1024 | |
| B | 462.84 | 1 | 462.84 | 188.16 | < 0.0001 | *** | | 27.34 | 1 | 27.34 | 5.67 | 0.0488 | * |
| C | 38.98 | 1 | 38.98 | 15.85 | 0.0053 | ** | | 58.21 | 1 | 58.21 | 12.07 | 0.0104 | * |
| AB | 1.72 | 1 | 1.72 | 0.6977 | 0.4312 | | | 7.67 | 1 | 7.67 | 1.59 | 0.2476 | |
| AC | 0.7656 | 1 | 0.7656 | 0.3113 | 0.5943 | | | 64.72 | 1 | 64.72 | 13.42 | 0.0080 | ** |
| BC | 98.51 | 1 | 98.51 | 40.05 | 0.0004 | *** | | 28.78 | 1 | 28.78 | 5.97 | 0.0446 | * |
| A² | 34.52 | 1 | 34.52 | 14.04 | 0.0072 | ** | | 272.65 | 1 | 272.65 | 56.52 | 0.0001 | *** |
| B² | 827.45 | 1 | 827.45 | 336.39 | < 0.0001 | *** | | 89.37 | 1 | 89.37 | 18.53 | 0.0035 | ** |
| C² | 92.06 | 1 | 92.06 | 37.43 | 0.0005 | *** | | 98.61 | 1 | 98.61 | 20.44 | 0.0027 | ** |
| 残差项 | 17.22 | 7 | 2.46 | | | | | 33.77 | 7 | 4.82 | | | |
| 失拟项 | 12.10 | 3 | 4.03 | 3.15 | 0.1480 | 不显著 | | 26.95 | 3 | 8.98 | 5.28 | 0.0710 | 不显著 |
| 纯误差 | 5.12 | 4 | 1.28 | | | | | 6.81 | 4 | 1.70 | | | |
| 总和 | 1659.18 | 16 | | | | | | 747.13 | 16 | | | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882046021518059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
TNDR和感官评价的回归分析结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 方差来源 | TNDR | | 感官评分 |
|---|
| 平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F值 | P值 | 显著性 | | 平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F值 | P值 | 显著性 |
|---|
| 模型 | 1636.53 | 9 | 181.84 | 73.92 | < 0.0001 | *** | | 713.36 | 9 | 79.26 | 16.43 | 0.0006 | *** |
| A | 18.03 | 1 | 18.03 | 7.33 | 0.0303 | * | | 17.02 | 1 | 17.02 | 3.53 | 0.1024 | |
| B | 462.84 | 1 | 462.84 | 188.16 | < 0.0001 | *** | | 27.34 | 1 | 27.34 | 5.67 | 0.0488 | * |
| C | 38.98 | 1 | 38.98 | 15.85 | 0.0053 | ** | | 58.21 | 1 | 58.21 | 12.07 | 0.0104 | * |
| AB | 1.72 | 1 | 1.72 | 0.6977 | 0.4312 | | | 7.67 | 1 | 7.67 | 1.59 | 0.2476 | |
| AC | 0.7656 | 1 | 0.7656 | 0.3113 | 0.5943 | | | 64.72 | 1 | 64.72 | 13.42 | 0.0080 | ** |
| BC | 98.51 | 1 | 98.51 | 40.05 | 0.0004 | *** | | 28.78 | 1 | 28.78 | 5.97 | 0.0446 | * |
| A² | 34.52 | 1 | 34.52 | 14.04 | 0.0072 | ** | | 272.65 | 1 | 272.65 | 56.52 | 0.0001 | *** |
| B² | 827.45 | 1 | 827.45 | 336.39 | < 0.0001 | *** | | 89.37 | 1 | 89.37 | 18.53 | 0.0035 | ** |
| C² | 92.06 | 1 | 92.06 | 37.43 | 0.0005 | *** | | 98.61 | 1 | 98.61 | 20.44 | 0.0027 | ** |
| 残差项 | 17.22 | 7 | 2.46 | | | | | 33.77 | 7 | 4.82 | | | |
| 失拟项 | 12.10 | 3 | 4.03 | 3.15 | 0.1480 | 不显著 | | 26.95 | 3 | 8.98 | 5.28 | 0.0710 | 不显著 |
| 纯误差 | 5.12 | 4 | 1.28 | | | | | 6.81 | 4 | 1.70 | | | |
| 总和 | 1659.18 | 16 | | | | | | 747.13 | 16 | | | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882046206067436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=
Different volatile compounds of bone broth
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 序列 | 种类 | VOCs | CAS | 相对含量(%) |
|---|
| HH | JG | NG | ZG |
|---|
| 1 | 醛类 | 癸醛 | 112-31-2 | 0.36±0.03 | 0.38±0.03 | 0.43±0.07 | 0.29±0.10 |
| 2 | (2E)-2-辛烯醛 | 2548-87-0 | 0.54±0.08 | 0.24±0.01 | 0.17±0.00 | 0.15±0.00 |
| 3 | 月桂醛 | 112-54-9 | − | − | 0.13±0.00 | − |
| 4 | 香茅醛 | 2385-77-5 | 0.02±0.00 | − | − | − |
| 5 | (2E,4E)-癸-2,4-二醛 | 25152-84-5 | 0.5±0.06 | 0.15±0.08 | − | − |
| 6 | 间苯二甲醛 | 626-19-7 | 0.07±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 | − |
| 7 | 苯甲醛 | 100-52-7 | 0.56±0.05 | 0.16±0.08 | 0.15±0.08 | 0.62±0.00 |
| 8 | (2E)-2-癸烯醛 | 3913-81-3 | 1.48±0.10 | 0.54±0.04 | − | 0.24±0.00 |
| 9 | 橙花醛 | 106-26-3 | 4.84±1.38 | 0.34±0.08 | 0.28±0.06 | 0.5±0.25 |
| 10 | 己醛 | 66-25-1 | 0.77±0.13 | 0.34±0.04 | 0.29±0.02 | 0.48±0.05 |
| 11 | 辛醛 | 124-13-0 | 0.47±0.08 | 0.30±0.02 | 0.28±0.10 | 0.28±0.07 |
| 12 | 壬醛 | 124-19-6 | 2.92±0.11 | 1.60±0.10 | 2.13±0.66 | 2.60±0.50 |
| 13 | (E)-壬-2-烯醛 | 18829-56-6 | 0.70±0.09 | 0.27±0.04 | 0.17±0.00 | 0.22±0.06 |
| 14 | 十五醛 | 2765-11-9 | − | 0.07±0.04 | − | 0.12±0.00 |
| 15 | 2,4-癸二烯醛 | 2363-88-4 | − | 0.23±0.00 | − | − |
| 16 | 庚醛 | 111-71-7 | − | 0.12±0.00 | − | 0.23±0.00 |
| 17 | 柠檬醛 | 5392-40-5 | 6.56±1.47 | − | − | − |
| 1 | 醇类 | 己醇 | 111-27-3 | 0.25±0.05 | − | − | − |
| 2 | 1-(4-甲基苯基)乙醇 | 536-50-5 | 0.13±0.00 | 0.09±0.01 | − | − |
| 3 | 辛醇 | 111-87-5 | 0.42±0.06 | 0.11±0.00 | − | 0.15±0.00 |
| 4 | α−萜品醇 | 98-55-5 | 0.40±0.02 | − | − | − |
| 5 | 芳樟醇 | 78-70-6 | − | 0.41±0.00 | 0.20±0.12 | 0.27±0.14 |
| 6 | 十一醇 | 112-42-5 | − | 0.12±0.00 | 0.11±0.00 | 0.07±0.04 |
| 7 | 松油醇 | 10482-56-1 | − | − | − | 0.08±0.00 |
| 8 | 香叶醇 | 106-24-1 | 0.78±0.00 | − | − | 0.11±0.00 |
| 9 | 桉树醇 | 470-82-6 | 0.26±0.06 | − | − | − |
| 10 | 庚醇 | 111-70-6 | 0.10±0.05 | − | − | − |
| 1 | 酯类 | 丁酸丁酯 | 109-21-7 | 0.17±0.14 | − | − | − |
| 2 | 甲酸芳樟酯 | 115-99-1 | 0.42±0.00 | − | − | − |
| 3 | 乙酸香茅酯 | 150-84-5 | 0.36±0.00 | 0.07±0.00 | − | − |
| 4 | 己酸甲硫醇酯 | 2432-77-1 | − | − | − | 0.02±0.00 |
| 5 | 乙酸芳樟酯 | 115-95-7 | 0.35±0.00 | − | − | − |
| 6 | 丙酸戊酯 | 624-54-4 | 0.13±0.00 | − | − | − |
| 1 | 酮类 | 甲基庚烯酮 | 110-93-0 | 0.48±0.02 | 0.08±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.18±0.02 |
| 2 | 甲基乙烯基酮 | 78-94-4 | − | −- | − | 0.04±0.00 |
| 3 | 2-十一酮 | 112-12-9 | 0.29±0.08 | 0.10±0.00 | − | − |
| 4 | 3-羟基-2-丁酮 | 513-86-0 | 0.24±0.18 | 0.07±0.00 | − | − |
| 1 | 烯烃类 | 桧烯 | 3387-41-5 | 1.48±0.18 | − | − | − |
| 2 | α−松油烯 | 99-86-5 | 0.08±0.04 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | − |
| 3 | (+)-柠檬烯 | 5989-27-5 | 1.97±0.20 | 3.43±0.40 | 1.55±0.20 | 0.65±0.06 |
| 4 | β−芬兰烯 | 555-10-2 | 6.06±0.40 | 2.58±0.23 | − | 0.34±0.17 |
| 5 | 间伞花烃 | 535-77-3 | − | 0.08±0.00 | − | − |
| 6 | 邻伞花烃 | 527-84-4 | − | 0.08±0.00 | − | − |
| 7 | 月桂烯 | 123-35-3 | − | 0.58±0.30 | 0.26±0.14 | 0.16±0.00 |
| 1 | 其他类 | 壬酸 | 112-05-0 | 0.59±0.05 | − | 0.44±0.33 | 0.35±0.18 |
| 2 | 十四烷 | 629-59-4 | − | − | 0.01±0.00 | − |
| 3 | (+)-冰片 | 507-70-0 | 0.30±0.15 | − | − | − |
| 4 | 2-乙酰基噻唑 | 24295-03-2 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.07±0.04 | 0.03±0.01 | − |
| 5 | 2,5-二甲基吡嗪 | 123-32-0 | − | − | 0.19±0.00 | − |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882046298342125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=表6, caption=
不同骨汤的挥发性化合物
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 序列 | 种类 | VOCs | CAS | 相对含量(%) |
|---|
| HH | JG | NG | ZG |
|---|
| 1 | 醛类 | 癸醛 | 112-31-2 | 0.36±0.03 | 0.38±0.03 | 0.43±0.07 | 0.29±0.10 |
| 2 | (2E)-2-辛烯醛 | 2548-87-0 | 0.54±0.08 | 0.24±0.01 | 0.17±0.00 | 0.15±0.00 |
| 3 | 月桂醛 | 112-54-9 | − | − | 0.13±0.00 | − |
| 4 | 香茅醛 | 2385-77-5 | 0.02±0.00 | − | − | − |
| 5 | (2E,4E)-癸-2,4-二醛 | 25152-84-5 | 0.5±0.06 | 0.15±0.08 | − | − |
| 6 | 间苯二甲醛 | 626-19-7 | 0.07±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 | − |
| 7 | 苯甲醛 | 100-52-7 | 0.56±0.05 | 0.16±0.08 | 0.15±0.08 | 0.62±0.00 |
| 8 | (2E)-2-癸烯醛 | 3913-81-3 | 1.48±0.10 | 0.54±0.04 | − | 0.24±0.00 |
| 9 | 橙花醛 | 106-26-3 | 4.84±1.38 | 0.34±0.08 | 0.28±0.06 | 0.5±0.25 |
| 10 | 己醛 | 66-25-1 | 0.77±0.13 | 0.34±0.04 | 0.29±0.02 | 0.48±0.05 |
| 11 | 辛醛 | 124-13-0 | 0.47±0.08 | 0.30±0.02 | 0.28±0.10 | 0.28±0.07 |
| 12 | 壬醛 | 124-19-6 | 2.92±0.11 | 1.60±0.10 | 2.13±0.66 | 2.60±0.50 |
| 13 | (E)-壬-2-烯醛 | 18829-56-6 | 0.70±0.09 | 0.27±0.04 | 0.17±0.00 | 0.22±0.06 |
| 14 | 十五醛 | 2765-11-9 | − | 0.07±0.04 | − | 0.12±0.00 |
| 15 | 2,4-癸二烯醛 | 2363-88-4 | − | 0.23±0.00 | − | − |
| 16 | 庚醛 | 111-71-7 | − | 0.12±0.00 | − | 0.23±0.00 |
| 17 | 柠檬醛 | 5392-40-5 | 6.56±1.47 | − | − | − |
| 1 | 醇类 | 己醇 | 111-27-3 | 0.25±0.05 | − | − | − |
| 2 | 1-(4-甲基苯基)乙醇 | 536-50-5 | 0.13±0.00 | 0.09±0.01 | − | − |
| 3 | 辛醇 | 111-87-5 | 0.42±0.06 | 0.11±0.00 | − | 0.15±0.00 |
| 4 | α−萜品醇 | 98-55-5 | 0.40±0.02 | − | − | − |
| 5 | 芳樟醇 | 78-70-6 | − | 0.41±0.00 | 0.20±0.12 | 0.27±0.14 |
| 6 | 十一醇 | 112-42-5 | − | 0.12±0.00 | 0.11±0.00 | 0.07±0.04 |
| 7 | 松油醇 | 10482-56-1 | − | − | − | 0.08±0.00 |
| 8 | 香叶醇 | 106-24-1 | 0.78±0.00 | − | − | 0.11±0.00 |
| 9 | 桉树醇 | 470-82-6 | 0.26±0.06 | − | − | − |
| 10 | 庚醇 | 111-70-6 | 0.10±0.05 | − | − | − |
| 1 | 酯类 | 丁酸丁酯 | 109-21-7 | 0.17±0.14 | − | − | − |
| 2 | 甲酸芳樟酯 | 115-99-1 | 0.42±0.00 | − | − | − |
| 3 | 乙酸香茅酯 | 150-84-5 | 0.36±0.00 | 0.07±0.00 | − | − |
| 4 | 己酸甲硫醇酯 | 2432-77-1 | − | − | − | 0.02±0.00 |
| 5 | 乙酸芳樟酯 | 115-95-7 | 0.35±0.00 | − | − | − |
| 6 | 丙酸戊酯 | 624-54-4 | 0.13±0.00 | − | − | − |
| 1 | 酮类 | 甲基庚烯酮 | 110-93-0 | 0.48±0.02 | 0.08±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.18±0.02 |
| 2 | 甲基乙烯基酮 | 78-94-4 | − | −- | − | 0.04±0.00 |
| 3 | 2-十一酮 | 112-12-9 | 0.29±0.08 | 0.10±0.00 | − | − |
| 4 | 3-羟基-2-丁酮 | 513-86-0 | 0.24±0.18 | 0.07±0.00 | − | − |
| 1 | 烯烃类 | 桧烯 | 3387-41-5 | 1.48±0.18 | − | − | − |
| 2 | α−松油烯 | 99-86-5 | 0.08±0.04 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | − |
| 3 | (+)-柠檬烯 | 5989-27-5 | 1.97±0.20 | 3.43±0.40 | 1.55±0.20 | 0.65±0.06 |
| 4 | β−芬兰烯 | 555-10-2 | 6.06±0.40 | 2.58±0.23 | − | 0.34±0.17 |
| 5 | 间伞花烃 | 535-77-3 | − | 0.08±0.00 | − | − |
| 6 | 邻伞花烃 | 527-84-4 | − | 0.08±0.00 | − | − |
| 7 | 月桂烯 | 123-35-3 | − | 0.58±0.30 | 0.26±0.14 | 0.16±0.00 |
| 1 | 其他类 | 壬酸 | 112-05-0 | 0.59±0.05 | − | 0.44±0.33 | 0.35±0.18 |
| 2 | 十四烷 | 629-59-4 | − | − | 0.01±0.00 | − |
| 3 | (+)-冰片 | 507-70-0 | 0.30±0.15 | − | − | − |
| 4 | 2-乙酰基噻唑 | 24295-03-2 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.07±0.04 | 0.03±0.01 | − |
| 5 | 2,5-二甲基吡嗪 | 123-32-0 | − | − | 0.19±0.00 | − |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882046369645294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=
ROAV of four different flavor substances of bone broth
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 编号 | 种类 | VOCs | 阈值 (μg/kg) | ROAV | 气味描述 |
|---|
| HH | JG | NG | ZG |
|---|
| 1 | 醛类 | 癸醛 | 2.95 | 10.2 | 0.13 | 6.78 | 0.52 | 柑橘香气 |
| 2 | (2E)-2-辛烯醛 | 3 | 0.32 | 0.08 | 2.67 | 0.26 | 脂肪气息 |
| 3 | 香茅醛 | 0.03 | 1.2 | − | − | − | 柠檬果香 |
| 4 | (2E,4E)-癸-2,4-二醛 | 0.25 | 3.84 | 2.18 | − | − | 鸡香和鸡油味 |
| 5 | 苯甲醛 | 0.75 | 1.44 | 0.25 | 9.33 | 4.31 | 杏仁坚果香 |
| 6 | (2E)-2-癸烯醛 | 0.25 | 11.04 | 2.18 | − | 5.03 | 花香 |
| 7 | 己醛 | 4.5 | 0.32 | 0.08 | 3.11 | 0.56 | 青草气味 |
| 8 | 辛醛 | 0.3 | 2.8 | 1.02 | 43.33 | 4.87 | 茉莉花香 |
| 9 | 壬醛 | 1 | 45 | 1.6 | 100 | 13.6 | 脂肪香 |
| 10 | 十五醛 | 1 | − | 0.07 | − | 0.63 | − |
| 11 | 庚醛 | 3 | − | 0.03 | − | 0.4 | 果香 |
| 12 | 柠檬醛 | 0.12 | 100 | − | − | − | 柠檬果香 |
| 1 | 醇类 | 己醇 | 0.0056 | 85.71 | − | − | − | 油脂味 |
| 2 | 辛醇 | 0.1258 | 5.72 | 0.8 | − | 6.22 | 柑橘果香 |
| 3 | α−萜品醇 | 1.2 | 0.6 | − | − | − | 丁香花香 |
| 4 | 十一醇 | 0.7 | − | 0.15 | 0.008 | 0.53 | 柑橘、凤梨果香 |
| 5 | 香叶醇 | 40 | 0.04 | − | − | 0.01 | 玫瑰花香 |
| 6 | 庚醇 | 0.0054 | 44.44 | − | − | − | 酒香 |
| 1 | 酯类 | 丁酸丁酯 | 0.4 | 0.9 | − | − | − | 苹果香味 |
| 2 | 乙酸香茅酯 | 1 | 5 | 0.07 | − | − | 杏子果香 |
| 3 | 乙酸芳樟酯 | 1 | 5 | − | − | − | 薰衣草香 |
| 1 | 酮类 | 甲基庚烯酮 | 0.068 | 12.35 | 1 | 29.41 | 14 | 柑橘香气 |
| 2 | 2-十一酮 | 0.0055 | 87.27 | 18.55 | − | − | 油脂香气 |
| 3 | 3-羟基-2-丁酮 | 0.014 | 34.29 | 4.86 | − | − | 脂肪香气 |
| 1 | 烯烃类 | 桧烯 | 0.98 | 2.82 | − | − | − | 花香 |
| 2 | α−松油烯 | 0.08 | 1.5 | 1.28 | 5.75 | − | 柑橘果香气 |
| 3 | (+)-柠檬烯 | 34 | − | 100 | − | 100 | 柠檬果香气 |
| 4 | 间伞花烃 | 0.8 | − | 0.09 | − | − | − |
| 1 | 其他类 | 壬酸 | 9 | 0.09 | − | 2.33 | 0.2 | 脂肪香 |
| 2 | 十四烷 | 1 | − | − | 0.47 | − | − |
| 3 | (+)-冰片 | 0.18 | 3.33 | − | − | − | 松树香 |
| 4 | 2-乙酰基噻唑 | 0.003 | 40 | 22.67 | − | − | 坚果果仁香气 |
| 5 | 2,5-二甲基吡嗪 | 1.75 | − | − | 5.14 | − | 巧克力、奶油脂肪香 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320882046436754159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882033593795191, language=CN, label=表7, caption=
四种不同骨汤风味物质ROAV
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 编号 | 种类 | VOCs | 阈值 (μg/kg) | ROAV | 气味描述 |
|---|
| HH | JG | NG | ZG |
|---|
| 1 | 醛类 | 癸醛 | 2.95 | 10.2 | 0.13 | 6.78 | 0.52 | 柑橘香气 |
| 2 | (2E)-2-辛烯醛 | 3 | 0.32 | 0.08 | 2.67 | 0.26 | 脂肪气息 |
| 3 | 香茅醛 | 0.03 | 1.2 | − | − | − | 柠檬果香 |
| 4 | (2E,4E)-癸-2,4-二醛 | 0.25 | 3.84 | 2.18 | − | − | 鸡香和鸡油味 |
| 5 | 苯甲醛 | 0.75 | 1.44 | 0.25 | 9.33 | 4.31 | 杏仁坚果香 |
| 6 | (2E)-2-癸烯醛 | 0.25 | 11.04 | 2.18 | − | 5.03 | 花香 |
| 7 | 己醛 | 4.5 | 0.32 | 0.08 | 3.11 | 0.56 | 青草气味 |
| 8 | 辛醛 | 0.3 | 2.8 | 1.02 | 43.33 | 4.87 | 茉莉花香 |
| 9 | 壬醛 | 1 | 45 | 1.6 | 100 | 13.6 | 脂肪香 |
| 10 | 十五醛 | 1 | − | 0.07 | − | 0.63 | − |
| 11 | 庚醛 | 3 | − | 0.03 | − | 0.4 | 果香 |
| 12 | 柠檬醛 | 0.12 | 100 | − | − | − | 柠檬果香 |
| 1 | 醇类 | 己醇 | 0.0056 | 85.71 | − | − | − | 油脂味 |
| 2 | 辛醇 | 0.1258 | 5.72 | 0.8 | − | 6.22 | 柑橘果香 |
| 3 | α−萜品醇 | 1.2 | 0.6 | − | − | − | 丁香花香 |
| 4 | 十一醇 | 0.7 | − | 0.15 | 0.008 | 0.53 | 柑橘、凤梨果香 |
| 5 | 香叶醇 | 40 | 0.04 | − | − | 0.01 | 玫瑰花香 |
| 6 | 庚醇 | 0.0054 | 44.44 | − | − | − | 酒香 |
| 1 | 酯类 | 丁酸丁酯 | 0.4 | 0.9 | − | − | − | 苹果香味 |
| 2 | 乙酸香茅酯 | 1 | 5 | 0.07 | − | − | 杏子果香 |
| 3 | 乙酸芳樟酯 | 1 | 5 | − | − | − | 薰衣草香 |
| 1 | 酮类 | 甲基庚烯酮 | 0.068 | 12.35 | 1 | 29.41 | 14 | 柑橘香气 |
| 2 | 2-十一酮 | 0.0055 | 87.27 | 18.55 | − | − | 油脂香气 |
| 3 | 3-羟基-2-丁酮 | 0.014 | 34.29 | 4.86 | − | − | 脂肪香气 |
| 1 | 烯烃类 | 桧烯 | 0.98 | 2.82 | − | − | − | 花香 |
| 2 | α−松油烯 | 0.08 | 1.5 | 1.28 | 5.75 | − | 柑橘果香气 |
| 3 | (+)-柠檬烯 | 34 | − | 100 | − | 100 | 柠檬果香气 |
| 4 | 间伞花烃 | 0.8 | − | 0.09 | − | − | − |
| 1 | 其他类 | 壬酸 | 9 | 0.09 | − | 2.33 | 0.2 | 脂肪香 |
| 2 | 十四烷 | 1 | − | − | 0.47 | − | − |
| 3 | (+)-冰片 | 0.18 | 3.33 | − | − | − | 松树香 |
| 4 | 2-乙酰基噻唑 | 0.003 | 40 | 22.67 | − | − | 坚果果仁香气 |
| 5 | 2,5-二甲基吡嗪 | 1.75 | − | − | 5.14 | − | 巧克力、奶油脂肪香 |
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