Article(id=1320882140087173581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320882022160126288, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024100013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1728316800000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852443000, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1767196800000, pubDateStr=2026-01-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852443000, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852443000, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852443000, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320882022160126288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='498', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1767196800000', pubDateStr='2026-01-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852414884, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852414884, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=189, endPage=196, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320882140280111566, articleId=1320882140087173581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Heterologous Expression of a Thermostable Arabinoxylan Specific Xylanase from Paecilomyces thermophila and Its Application in Malt Mashing, columnId=1261336275769016441, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Bioengineering, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective: This study aimed to identify thermostable xylanase suitable for mash malting. Methods: A xylanase encoding gene (PtXynA) from Paecilomyces thermophila J18 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Aspergillus niger. A submerged fermentation in a 5 L fermentor was performed for the production of the recombinant enzyme (PtXynA). The enzymatic properties of PtXynA were characterized and its application potential in mash malting was further evaluated. Results: A maximum extracellular xylanase activity of 904.0 U/mL with a protein content of 1.4 mg/mL was obtained after 96 h of fermentation. PyXynA was most active at pH7.0 and 70 ℃, respectively, and it was stable within the pH range of 5.5~9.0 and at temperatures below 75 ℃. The enzyme displayed strict substrate specificity towards various xylans, with the highest specific activity towards wheat arabinoxylan (1993.2 U/mg), followed by oat spelt xylan (1782.5 U/mg), beechwood xylan (1552.0 U/mg) and birchwood xylan (1238.7 U/mg). The addition of PtXynA in mash (200 U/g malt) reduced the filtration time and viscosity of malt by 43.9% and 10.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The excellent properties may enable PyXynA great application potential in beer industry.

, authors=Hang YANG1, Wenjiao ZHANG2, Xiemin YAN1, Wei ZHAO3, Zhengqiang JIANG2, Qiaojuan YAN1, *, Shaoqing YANG2, *, authorsList=Hang YANG, Wenjiao ZHANG, Xiemin YAN, Wei ZHAO, Zhengqiang JIANG, Qiaojuan YAN, Shaoqing YANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Qiaojuan YAN, Shaoqing YANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320882142989631964, articleId=1320882140087173581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=嗜热拟青霉耐热阿拉伯木聚糖酶的异源表达及其对麦芽糖化的影响, columnId=1261336277547401341, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=生物工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的:发掘耐热木聚糖酶并探究其在麦芽糖化中的应用潜力。方法:克隆嗜热拟青霉(Paecilomyces thermophila)J18木聚糖酶(PtXynA)基因,将其在黑曲霉中进行异源表达,在5 L发酵罐中采用液体深层发酵制备重组酶(PtXynA),进一步探究酶的酶学性质,最后评价重组酶在麦芽糖化中的应用效果。结果:重组菌经液体深层发酵96 h后,木聚糖酶的酶活力达到904.0 U/mL,蛋白含量为1.4 mg/mL。重组酶在pH7.0和70 ℃下表现出最高酶活力,在pH5.5~9.0和75 ℃以下保持稳定。PtXynA显示出严格的底物特异性,对小麦阿拉伯木聚糖(1993.2 U/mg)的比酶活力最高,其次为燕麦木聚糖(1782.5 U/mg)、榉木木聚糖(1552.0 U/mg)和桦木木聚糖(1238.7 U/mg)。在麦芽糖化过程中添加木聚糖酶(200 U/g麦芽),麦芽汁的过滤时间和黏度分别降低了43.9%和10.8%。结论:PyXynA具有优良的酶学特性,在啤酒糖化过程中显示出较大应用潜力。

, authors=杨行1, 张文姣2, 闫协民1, 赵伟3, 江正强2, 闫巧娟1, *, 杨绍青2, *, authorsList=杨行, 张文姣, 闫协民, 赵伟, 江正强, 闫巧娟, 杨绍青, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=闫巧娟, 杨绍青, authorNote=

杨行(1998−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:农产品加工,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
闫巧娟(1971−),女,博士,教授,研究方向:生物质利用,E-mail:。
杨绍青(1980−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品酶与发酵工程,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=4dfvg//ZpBVHohCBrv9X7g==, magXml=055oLiYCEMSApdar5dN5hQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=hofr1g/7WE9MsQPFV/QYdA==, pdfFileSize=5710001, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=caiam4J5BNyyvepOo8sj2Q==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=GiIQjzeQ4hGBprwbQk4A9w==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320882143501337063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bs20223070639@cau.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882143576834537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, authorId=1320882143501337063, language=EN, stringName=Hang YANG, firstName=Hang, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882143656526314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, authorId=1320882143501337063, language=CN, stringName=杨行, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083, bio={"content":"

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Process Biochemistry, 2013, 48(12): 1879−1885., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882143220318685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882143228707294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, companyId=1320882143220318685, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882143237095903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, companyId=1320882143220318685, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320882143312593376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882143320981985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, companyId=1320882143312593376, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882143329370594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, companyId=1320882143312593376, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京 100083)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320882143396479459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882143404868068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, companyId=1320882143396479459, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Shandong Fuyang Bio-tech. Co., Ltd., Dezhou 253199, China‌), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882143421645285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, companyId=1320882143396479459, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3山东福洋生物科技股份有限公司,山东德州 253199)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320882147695641107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Expression vector map of PtXynA (a) and PCR amplification products of positive transformants (b), figureFileSmall=lsNUQnQMTUoH7pgOuLlBOg==, figureFileBig=caiam4J5BNyyvepOo8sj2Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882147771138580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=CN, label=图1, caption=PtXynA的表达载体图谱(a)和阳性转化子PCR扩增产物(b)

注:M:标品;1~5:部分PtXynA阳性转化子扩增产物。

, figureFileSmall=lsNUQnQMTUoH7pgOuLlBOg==, figureFileBig=caiam4J5BNyyvepOo8sj2Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882147997630997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Xylanase activity in the supernatant of fermentation of different transformants, figureFileSmall=0QwbUJv8byi2u/CyckZ5GA==, figureFileBig=+slKmzbeDgpKLjg8Z5Pbmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882148287037974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同转化子发酵上清液木聚糖酶活力, figureFileSmall=0QwbUJv8byi2u/CyckZ5GA==, figureFileBig=+slKmzbeDgpKLjg8Z5Pbmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882148362535447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Fermentation process of PtXynA produced by liquid deep fermentation of recombinant A. niger, figureFileSmall=cdmm5z73ufjlEFLGLgtUcQ==, figureFileBig=gYt9sx4xyRThWcuDcfmBzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882148454810136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=CN, label=图3, caption=重组黑曲霉液体深层发酵产PtXynA发酵过程, figureFileSmall=cdmm5z73ufjlEFLGLgtUcQ==, figureFileBig=gYt9sx4xyRThWcuDcfmBzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882148542890521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=SDS-PAGE analysis of proteins during the purification process of PtXynA, figureFileSmall=thppGM+IxGLsHleKJcsdNQ==, figureFileBig=HakX7V+ZuSqt/Rqox6Tw5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882148614193690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=CN, label=图4, caption=木聚糖酶PtXynA纯化电泳分析

注:泳道M:低分子量标准蛋白;泳道1:粗酶液;泳道2:纯酶液。

, figureFileSmall=thppGM+IxGLsHleKJcsdNQ==, figureFileBig=HakX7V+ZuSqt/Rqox6Tw5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882148710662683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Optimal pH (a), optimal temperature (b), pH stability (c), thermal stability (d) and thermal denaturing half-lives (e) of PtXynA, figureFileSmall=ZaivBeOy2RdqKKtbOCusrg==, figureFileBig=LnMOWmwksBIKI1k0E9LtfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882148798743068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=CN, label=图5, caption=PtXynA的最适pH(a)、最适温度(b)、pH稳定性(c)、温度稳定性(d)及半衰期(e), figureFileSmall=ZaivBeOy2RdqKKtbOCusrg==, figureFileBig=LnMOWmwksBIKI1k0E9LtfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882148878434845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Simulation of three-dimensional structure of PtXynA, figureFileSmall=gkz2HfCiJNFLF1XdkJCDgg==, figureFileBig=ByreGSmeS4J/EcXbx2PB8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882148966515230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=CN, label=图6, caption=PtXynA的三维结构模拟图

注:a:PtXynA三维结构,两个催化氨基酸呈现棒状;b:PtXynA(金色)和EnXyn11A(蓝色)的结构叠加;c:PtXynA和EnXyn11A催化中心高度的比较;d:PtXynA和EnXyn11A催化区域氨基酸变化比较。

, figureFileSmall=gkz2HfCiJNFLF1XdkJCDgg==, figureFileBig=ByreGSmeS4J/EcXbx2PB8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882149058789919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Sequences of all primers used

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物序列
PtxynAFTCGTCTGCACAGGGTTGGCATTCCCGACAGGGAATACTACGGA
PtxynARTGATTTCAGTAACGTTAAGTTTAGCCGACGTCAGCGACG
TrpCRGTTACTATTGTATACCCATCTTAGT
RV-MGAGCGGATAACAATTTCACAC
YZ-Pgla-FCTGAAGTGCTTCCTCCCTTTTAGACGC
YZ-Pgla-RTGGACAAATGAACGTATCTTATCGAGATCCT
), ArticleFig(id=1320882149138481696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

使用的所有引物的序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物序列
PtxynAFTCGTCTGCACAGGGTTGGCATTCCCGACAGGGAATACTACGGA
PtxynARTGATTTCAGTAACGTTAAGTTTAGCCGACGTCAGCGACG
TrpCRGTTACTATTGTATACCCATCTTAGT
RV-MGAGCGGATAACAATTTCACAC
YZ-Pgla-FCTGAAGTGCTTCCTCCCTTTTAGACGC
YZ-Pgla-RTGGACAAATGAACGTATCTTATCGAGATCCT
), ArticleFig(id=1320882149213979169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Substrate specificity of PtXynA

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
底物比酶活力(U/mg)相对酶活力(%)
榉木木聚糖1552.0±75100
桦木木聚糖1238.7±3680
燕麦木聚糖1782.5±19115
小麦阿拉伯木聚糖1993.2±44128
), ArticleFig(id=1320882152733000226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

PtXynA的底物特异性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
底物比酶活力(U/mg)相对酶活力(%)
榉木木聚糖1552.0±75100
桦木木聚糖1238.7±3680
燕麦木聚糖1782.5±19115
小麦阿拉伯木聚糖1993.2±44128
), ArticleFig(id=1320882152812692003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Effect of PtXynA on the filtration time and viscosity of wort in the malting process

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
PtXynA添加量
(U/g麦芽)
过滤时间(s)过滤时间减少
百分比(%)
黏度(cP)黏度降低
百分比(%)
CK2678.1±29.5f−1.721±0.010d−
1251797.7±44.4d32.9±1.6d1.638±0.006c4.8±0.4e
1501646.3±23.1c36.5±0.8c1.600±0.022bc7.0±1.3d
1751558.8±15.9b40.6±0.6b1.555±0.009ab9.6±0.5c
2001503.6±20.0a43.9±0.7a1.534±0.002a10.8±0.2a
2251708.2±12.9cd36.2±0.5bc1.546±0.004ab10.2±0.2b
2502232.7±72.3e16.6±2.7e1.555±0.005ab9.7±0.3bc
), ArticleFig(id=1320882152904966692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882140087173581, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

PtXynA在麦芽糖化工艺中对麦芽汁过滤时间和黏度的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
PtXynA添加量
(U/g麦芽)
过滤时间(s)过滤时间减少
百分比(%)
黏度(cP)黏度降低
百分比(%)
CK2678.1±29.5f−1.721±0.010d−
1251797.7±44.4d32.9±1.6d1.638±0.006c4.8±0.4e
1501646.3±23.1c36.5±0.8c1.600±0.022bc7.0±1.3d
1751558.8±15.9b40.6±0.6b1.555±0.009ab9.6±0.5c
2001503.6±20.0a43.9±0.7a1.534±0.002a10.8±0.2a
2251708.2±12.9cd36.2±0.5bc1.546±0.004ab10.2±0.2b
2502232.7±72.3e16.6±2.7e1.555±0.005ab9.7±0.3bc
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嗜热拟青霉耐热阿拉伯木聚糖酶的异源表达及其对麦芽糖化的影响
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杨行 1 , 张文姣 2 , 闫协民 1 , 赵伟 3 , 江正强 2 , 闫巧娟 1, * , 杨绍青 2, *
食品工业科技 | 生物工程 2026,47(1): 189-196
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食品工业科技 |生物工程 2026 , 47 (1) : 189 -196
嗜热拟青霉耐热阿拉伯木聚糖酶的异源表达及其对麦芽糖化的影响
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杨行1 , 张文姣2, 闫协民1, 赵伟3, 江正强2, 闫巧娟1, * , 杨绍青2, *
作者信息
  • 1中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083
  • 2中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京 100083
  • 3山东福洋生物科技股份有限公司,山东德州 253199
通讯作者:
闫巧娟(1971−),女,博士,教授,研究方向:生物质利用,E-mail:。
杨绍青(1980−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品酶与发酵工程,E-mail:。
作者简介:

杨行(1998−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:农产品加工,E-mail:

Heterologous Expression of a Thermostable Arabinoxylan Specific Xylanase from Paecilomyces thermophila and Its Application in Malt Mashing
Hang YANG1 , Wenjiao ZHANG2, Xiemin YAN1, Wei ZHAO3, Zhengqiang JIANG2, Qiaojuan YAN1, * , Shaoqing YANG2, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
  • 2College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
  • 3Shandong Fuyang Bio-tech. Co., Ltd., Dezhou 253199, China‌
出版时间: 2026-01-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024100013
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目的:发掘耐热木聚糖酶并探究其在麦芽糖化中的应用潜力。方法:克隆嗜热拟青霉(Paecilomyces thermophila)J18木聚糖酶(PtXynA)基因,将其在黑曲霉中进行异源表达,在5 L发酵罐中采用液体深层发酵制备重组酶(PtXynA),进一步探究酶的酶学性质,最后评价重组酶在麦芽糖化中的应用效果。结果:重组菌经液体深层发酵96 h后,木聚糖酶的酶活力达到904.0 U/mL,蛋白含量为1.4 mg/mL。重组酶在pH7.0和70 ℃下表现出最高酶活力,在pH5.5~9.0和75 ℃以下保持稳定。PtXynA显示出严格的底物特异性,对小麦阿拉伯木聚糖(1993.2 U/mg)的比酶活力最高,其次为燕麦木聚糖(1782.5 U/mg)、榉木木聚糖(1552.0 U/mg)和桦木木聚糖(1238.7 U/mg)。在麦芽糖化过程中添加木聚糖酶(200 U/g麦芽),麦芽汁的过滤时间和黏度分别降低了43.9%和10.8%。结论:PyXynA具有优良的酶学特性,在啤酒糖化过程中显示出较大应用潜力。

嗜热拟青霉  /  异源表达  /  嗜热木聚糖酶  /  阿拉伯木聚糖酶  /  麦芽糖化

Objective: This study aimed to identify thermostable xylanase suitable for mash malting. Methods: A xylanase encoding gene (PtXynA) from Paecilomyces thermophila J18 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Aspergillus niger. A submerged fermentation in a 5 L fermentor was performed for the production of the recombinant enzyme (PtXynA). The enzymatic properties of PtXynA were characterized and its application potential in mash malting was further evaluated. Results: A maximum extracellular xylanase activity of 904.0 U/mL with a protein content of 1.4 mg/mL was obtained after 96 h of fermentation. PyXynA was most active at pH7.0 and 70 ℃, respectively, and it was stable within the pH range of 5.5~9.0 and at temperatures below 75 ℃. The enzyme displayed strict substrate specificity towards various xylans, with the highest specific activity towards wheat arabinoxylan (1993.2 U/mg), followed by oat spelt xylan (1782.5 U/mg), beechwood xylan (1552.0 U/mg) and birchwood xylan (1238.7 U/mg). The addition of PtXynA in mash (200 U/g malt) reduced the filtration time and viscosity of malt by 43.9% and 10.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The excellent properties may enable PyXynA great application potential in beer industry.

Paecilomyces thermophila  /  heterologous expression  /  thermophilic xylanase  /  arabinoxylanase  /  mash malting
杨行, 张文姣, 闫协民, 赵伟, 江正强, 闫巧娟, 杨绍青. 嗜热拟青霉耐热阿拉伯木聚糖酶的异源表达及其对麦芽糖化的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (1) : 189 -196 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024100013
Hang YANG, Wenjiao ZHANG, Xiemin YAN, Wei ZHAO, Zhengqiang JIANG, Qiaojuan YAN, Shaoqing YANG. Heterologous Expression of a Thermostable Arabinoxylan Specific Xylanase from Paecilomyces thermophila and Its Application in Malt Mashing[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (1) : 189 -196 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024100013
木聚糖酶(EC 3.2.1.8)是一类木聚糖水解酶,能够催化水解木聚糖分子内部的β-1,4-糖苷键,释放出低聚木糖(Xylooligosaccharides,XOS)和木糖[1]。基于氨基酸序列相似性,木聚糖酶可以划分为不同的糖苷水解酶(Glycoside hydrolase,GH)家族,包括GH 5、8、10、11和30,其中来源于GH 11家族的木聚糖酶研究的最多和最为深入[2]。木聚糖酶可广泛应用于XOS生产、面制品、烘焙食品、酿酒及果汁澄清等众多食品领域[3]。微生物是木聚糖酶的主要来源,但是天然微生物产木聚糖酶产量一般偏低,生产成本相对较高,无法满足工业化生产的需要[3]。采用生物工程技术异源表达是提高木聚糖酶产量的重要途径之一[4]。黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)是最常用的丝状真菌表达宿主,已被美国食品与药品监管局(FDA)定义为GRAS(Generally recognized as safe),同时,黑曲霉还具有pH(2.0~11.0)和温度(10~50 ℃)稳定性好、环境适应性强等优点[5−6]。然而,由于其遗传背景复杂,目前在黑曲霉中成功表达的木聚糖酶种类仍然十分有限,且酶活力普遍较低[5,7−8]。
麦芽糖化是啤酒酿造过程中的一个重要工序[9]。阿拉伯木聚糖是麦芽中主要的非淀粉多糖之一,在麦芽糖化过程中会导致麦芽汁的黏度过高,引起滤膜堵塞,从而影响啤酒的颜色和外观[9−10]。因此,降低麦芽汁中阿拉伯木聚糖的含量或降低其分子量(降低黏度),对于提高啤酒的生产效率和质量具有重要的意义。阿拉伯木聚糖酶能够特异性水解阿拉伯木聚糖,将其降解为低黏度小分子或低聚糖,在麦芽糖化中具有潜在的应用价值[11]。通常,在啤酒糖化工艺中,麦芽汁需要在70 ℃下保温1 h确保糖化完全,因此对木聚糖酶的热稳定性要求较高[9−11]。目前,虽然已有部分阿拉伯木聚糖酶的研究报道,但是高活力耐热型阿拉伯木聚糖酶的报道相对较少,如毛壳霉(Chaetomium sp.)[11]、樟绒枝霉(Malbranchea cinnamomea)和嗜热拟青霉(Paecilomyces thermophila)木聚糖酶等[12]。因此,继续发掘具有高阿拉伯木聚糖酶活力的耐热木聚糖酶,对于提升麦芽糖化的效率具有重要的意义。
在实验室前期研究中,筛选得到一株丝状真菌——嗜热拟青霉J18,从中发掘了一种耐热木聚糖酶(PtXynA)并成功将其在毕赤酵母中进行了异源表达[13−14]。为推进该酶在食品工业生产中的实际应用,本研究进一步构建了食品安全级黑曲霉表达系统,将该木聚糖酶基因在黑曲霉中进行了异源表达,探究了重组酶的酶学性质,并评价了该酶在麦芽糖化中的应用效果。
嗜热拟青霉J18 保存于中国普通微生物菌种保藏管理中心(CGMCC,AS 3.6885);黑曲霉GA(∆glaA) 由本实验室构建并保存;榉木木聚糖、桦木木聚糖、燕麦木聚糖、小麦阿拉伯木聚糖、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、大麦葡聚糖、刺槐豆胶、可溶性淀粉 美国Sigma公司;潮霉素(hygB) 北京百瑞极生物科技有限公司;几丁质 上海源叶生物科技有限公司;淡色艾尔大麦芽 憨酒匠酿酒坊;玉米淀粉水解物 实验室自制(利用加热煮沸的蒸馏水充分糊化淀粉,加入高温淀粉酶水解至液体呈蛋清状);除了特殊说明外,本实验所用其他化学试剂均为分析纯。
BGT-8糖化仪 杭州博日科技有限公司;HAAKE落球式粘度计 美国Thermo Fisher Scientific;PCR仪 美国BIO-RAD公司;QSFF强阴离子交换柱 美国Mettler Toledo。
以嗜热拟青霉J18基因组DNA为模板,利用特异性引物PtxynAF和PtxynAR(表1)扩增得到木聚糖酶基因PtXynA。扩增条件为:95 ℃预变性3 min;95 ℃变性20 s,60 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸25 s,循环35次;最后72 ℃延伸5 min。采用CzapekDox培养基培养黑曲霉,培养基中添加200 µg/mL的潮霉素作为hygB标记物。使用吉布森组装法将目的片段连接到Blunt-Pgla-pryG表达质粒上,构建由Pgla-PtxynA-TrpC异源蛋白表达盒和PgpdA-pryG-Tgla抗性标签表达盒组成的表达载体。吉布森组装反应体系为1 μL PtxynA,4 μL Blunt-Pgla-pryG和5 μL 2×NEBuilder Mix,孵育温度和时间分别为50 ℃和15 min。将构建的表达载体Blunt-pryG-PtxynA转化至克隆宿主E. coli DH5α,采用菌落PCR验证阳性大肠杆菌转化子,验证引物为TrpCR和RV-M(表1)。从测序结果正确的转化子中提取质粒并进行双酶切,400 μL酶切体系为:350 μL重组质粒,40 μL Cutsmart buffer,5 μL XhoI和5 μL NotI,37 ℃酶切过夜,最后将酶切后的质粒醇沉回收。
原生质体制备:在30 ℃下利用DPY培养基培养黑曲霉菌株,培养3 d后抽滤去除培养基收集菌体。取适量菌体加入裂解液,裂解2~3 h。镜检观察直至大部分菌丝裂解形成原生质体。
原生质体纯化:裂解的原生质体离心(3000×g,5 min),收集沉淀,加入20 mL STC缓冲液洗涤原生质体,重悬后于4 ℃离心15 min。重复一次后加入0.6 mL STC重悬备用。
原生质体PEG介导转化:分别设置对照组、试验组和再生组。对照组:160 μL原生质体+100 μL STC+60 μL PEG。试验组:160 μL原生质体+100 μL线性化质粒+60 μL PEG。再生组:160 μL原生质体+100 μL STC+60 μL PEG。不同试验组混匀后分别冰水浴30 min。每组加入1 mL的PEG于室温下静置25 min。
倾注培养:将3 mL STC和6 mL蔗糖CD高渗软琼脂于离心管中混匀。将对照组、试验组和再生组分别转移至离心管中,并向试验组和对照组中加入终浓度为300 μg/mL的hygB。混匀后倒入蔗糖CD高渗平板,涂布均匀后于30 ℃培养3~4 d。
转化子鉴定:对在CD高渗平板上生长的转化子设计验证引物YZ-Pgla-F和YZ-Pgla-R(表1)。对基因型测序正确的转化子进行摇瓶发酵,于34 ℃、200 r/min下培养144 h。离心(10000 r/min,10 min)取上清液测定木聚糖酶活力。
选取摇瓶发酵木聚糖酶活力最高的转化子进行液体深层发酵。吸取300 μL菌液于300 mL DPY培养基中,34 ℃、200 r/min培养4 d。
将300 mL种子液接种到装有2.7 L黑曲霉发酵培养基的5 L发酵罐中。发酵过程中培养温度控制34 ℃,用氨水和磷酸调节培养基pH5.5,通过调节转速和空气流量控制溶氧大于20%,同时保持罐压0.04 MPa。在发酵0~60 h内保持转速300 r/min,60 h后将转速提高至500 r/min并维持至木聚糖酶活力增长停滞。采用间歇式流加方式补料,每24 h补料200 mL玉米淀粉水解物(500 g/L)。每12 h吸取发酵液样品,10000×g离心3 min,测定菌体湿重及上清液的酶活力和蛋白浓度。菌体湿重为1 mL粗酶液离心后沉淀的重量(实验结果换算成g/L)。
发酵结束后离心(10000×g,10 min)收集上清液即为粗酶液。将粗酶液透析后上样于用20 mmol/L pH7.0 MOPS缓冲液平衡的Q-Sepharose FF层析柱。首先用6倍柱体积的20 mmol/L pH7.0 MOPS缓冲液洗脱未结合和吸附不牢固的蛋白,然后用0~500 mmol/L的NaCl(含20 mmol/L pH7.0 MOPS缓冲液)溶液线性洗脱,测定各收集部分的酶活力,采用SDS-PAGE法检测具有酶活性组分的纯度。整个纯化过程中缓冲液流速为1 mL/min。
木聚糖酶的酶活力采用DNS法测定[15]。在900 μL(1%,w/v)榉木木聚糖底物溶液(用50 mmol/L pH7.0 MOPS缓冲液配制)中加入100 μL适当稀释后酶液(用50 mmol/L pH7.0 MOPS缓冲液),70 ℃下反应10 min。反应结束后立即加入1 mL DNS试剂终止反应,沸水加热15 min显色,最后加入1 mL 40%酒石酸钾钠溶液,冷却后在540 nm下测定吸光值。木聚糖酶的酶活力定义为在以上反应条件下每分钟反应生成1 μmol还原糖(以木糖作为标准计算)所需要的酶量为1个酶活力单位。比酶活力的定义为1 mg蛋白所具有的酶活力。
蛋白浓度的测定:参照Lowry法测定[16],以牛血清蛋白作为标准蛋白。
最适pH测定:在70 ℃,50 mmol/L不同pH缓冲液(柠檬酸盐缓冲液:pH3.0~6.0;乙酸钠缓冲液:pH4.0~6.0;MES缓冲液:pH5.5~6.5;MOPS缓冲液:pH6.5~7.5;PB缓冲液:pH6.0~8.0;Tris-HCl缓冲液:pH7.0~9.0;CHES缓冲液:pH9.0~11.0)中测定PtXynA纯酶的酶活力,以最高酶活力为100%,计算不同pH下的相对酶活力。
最适温度测定:在不同温度下(40~90 ℃,每5 ℃为一个梯度)测定PtXynA的酶活力,以最高酶活力为100%,计算不同温度下的相对酶活力。
pH稳定性测定:将纯化后的PtXynA用不同pH缓冲液(柠檬酸盐缓冲液:pH3.0~6.0;乙酸钠缓冲液:pH4.0~6.0;MES缓冲液:pH5.5~6.5;MOPS缓冲液:pH6.5~7.5;PB缓冲液:pH6.0~8.0;Tris-HCl缓冲液:pH7.0~9.0;CHES缓冲液:pH9.0~11.0)稀释,在70 ℃水浴中保温30 min后按照1.2.4测定残余酶活力,以未经处理酶液的酶活力为100%。
温度稳定性测定:将纯酶用50 mmol/L pH7.0的MOPS缓冲液适当稀释,在不同温度下(40~80 ℃,每5 ℃为一个梯度)孵育30 min,然后于冰水浴中保温30 min后按照1.2.4测定残余酶活力。半衰期的测定:将纯酶液用50 mmol/L pH7.0的MOPS缓冲液适当稀释后置于70~80 ℃水浴中保温4 h,分别于15、30、60、120、180和240 min定时取样,冷却至室温后在最适条件下测定残余酶活力。以未经处理酶液的酶活力为100%,计算残余酶活力所占百分比。以时间为横坐标,Ln(相对酶活力)为纵坐标。
底物特异性:用50 mmol/L pH7.0的MOPS缓冲液配制不同种类的聚糖类底物(1%,w/v),按照1.2.4测定酶活力,以PtXynA对榉木木聚糖的酶活力为100%,分别计算PtXynA对各种底物的相对酶活力。测定的聚糖类底物包括榉木木聚糖、桦木木聚糖、燕麦木聚糖、小麦阿拉伯木聚糖、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、大麦葡聚糖、刺槐豆胶、可溶性淀粉和几丁质。
采用Swiss-Model(http://swissmodel.expasy.org/)建立PtXynA的三维立体结构。利用蛋白数据库(PDB;http://www.rcsb.org/)下载木聚糖酶EnXyn11A(PDB2vgd)的结构信息。使用Pymol软件(http://www.pymol.org)将PtXynA和EnXyn11A结构叠加,分析底物结合位点和结构特征。
麦芽糖化参照前期研究方法[11]进行。在每个糖化杯中添加50 g麦芽细粉、纯酶PtXynA(125、150、175、200、225和250 U/g)和200 mL预热至45 ℃的蒸馏水,45 ℃保温30 min。然后以每分钟1 ℃的速率升温至70 ℃,再往糖化杯中加入100 mL已预热至70 ℃的蒸馏水并在70 ℃下保温1 h。糖化结束后迅速将麦芽汁冷却至室温,用蒸馏水将醪液补重至450.0 g,然后用中速滤纸过滤,参照刘学强等[9]的方法测定过滤速度和滤液黏度。其中黏度(η)、黏度降低百分比(Δη)和过滤时间减少百分比(Δτ)分别由以下公式计算得到。
$ {\eta}= \mathrm{K\times }( \mathit{\rho } _{ \mathrm{1}} \mathrm- \mathit{\rho } _{ \mathrm{2}} \mathrm{)\times t} $
$ \mathrm{\Delta } \mathit{\eta } =( \mathit{\eta } _{ \mathrm{对照}} \mathrm- \mathit{\eta } \mathrm{)/\eta }_{ \mathrm{对照}} $
$ \mathrm{\Delta } \mathit{\tau } =( \mathit{\tau } _{ \mathrm{对照}} \mathrm- \mathit{\tau } \mathrm{)/} \mathit{\tau } _{ \mathrm{对照}} $
式中:K为黏度计模量(10.06 μPa·s·cm3/g·s),ρ1为落球密度(2.221 g/cm3),ρ2为麦芽汁在20 ℃下的密度(g/cm3),t为落球时间(s),η对照为不添加木聚糖酶组的黏度,τ对照为不添加木聚糖酶组的过滤时间(s)。
数据处理和图片绘制均采用Origin 8.0进行,数据均取3次实验的平均值。显著性分析使用SPSS 26.0对数据进行Duncan多重比较,显著性水平确定为P<0.05。
以嗜热拟青霉的cDNA为模板,通过特异性引物PtxynAF和PtxynAR成功扩增出PtxynA基因序列。扩增得到的序列通过吉布森组装成功连接到表达质粒上,得到表达载体Blunt-pryG-PtxynA(图1a)。PtXynA基因全长为678 bp,编码226个氨基酸。对在CD高渗平板上生长的转化子设计验证引物,菌落PCR结果显示成功从转化子中提取得到木聚糖酶基因(PtXynA)(图1b)。对测序正确的转化子发酵6 d后,上清液中木聚糖酶活力最高为168 U/mL(图2)。挑选木聚糖酶活力最高的转化子用于后续液体深层发酵。
液体发酵96 h时,发酵上清液中木聚糖酶活力最高,达到904.0 U/mL,此时蛋白浓度为1.4 mg/mL(图3)。PtXynA经QSFF强阴离子交换层析柱纯化后得到电泳级纯酶(图4),酶活力回收率为81%。该酶在电泳图上显示为一条清晰条带,分子量约为24.6 kDa(图4)。PtXynA纯酶的比酶活力提高到1254 U/mg。
目前,已经有许多木聚糖酶基因在大肠杆菌和毕赤酵母中实现了异源表达[4]。黑曲霉作为一种食品安全的丝状真菌,也常被用作异源表达宿主[15]。然而,由于其遗传背景的复杂性,目前在黑曲霉中成功表达的木聚糖酶种类仍然十分有限[7–8]。PtXynA在5 L发酵罐中经96 h深层发酵后,木聚糖酶活力达到904 U/mL,这一产量高于其他部分丝状真菌表达的木聚糖酶,如来源于葡萄穗菌(Stachybotrys chartarum)的木聚糖酶在黑曲霉中异源表达,比酶活力为392 U/mg[8]。Decelle等[7]将来源于黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chyrsoporium)的三个木聚糖酶基因在黑曲霉中表达,酶活力分别为0.47、1.22和3.17 U/mL。此外,PtXynA的发酵酶活力也高于部分在毕赤酵母中表达的木聚糖酶,如来源于嗜热脂肪地芽孢杆菌(Geobacillus stearothermophilus)的木聚糖酶XynA(33.7 U/mL)[17]和来源于镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)Fo47的木聚糖酶FXYL(779.64 U/mL)[18]。
PtXynA的最适pH和最适温度分别为pH7.0(MOPS缓冲液)(图5a)和70 ℃(图5b)。该酶在pH5.5~9.0范围内保持稳定,不同pH缓冲液处理30 min后残余酶活力基本上>80%(图5c)。该酶在≤75 ℃下保持稳定,保温30 min后酶活力>80%(图5d)。PtXynA在70、75和80 ℃下的半衰期分别为211、72和39 min(图5e)。
优良的酶学性质是木聚糖酶能否工业化应用的前提。PtXynA在pH5.5~9.0范围内保持稳定,这一稳定范围比多数其他来源木聚糖酶要宽,如瘤胃宏基因组(Rumen metagenome,pH4.0~7.0)[6]、北方炭疽菌(Colletotrichum boninense,pH4.0~6.0)[19]以及链霉菌T7(Streptomyces sp. T7,pH5.0~8.0)木聚糖酶[20]。较宽的pH稳定性范围使PtXynA能够更好地应对反应体系中pH的波动,提高其应用适应范围。热稳定性是影响木聚糖酶工业应用的另一个重要因素[21]。较高的耐热温度不仅有利于提高酶催化反应速度,提高生产效率,而且还可有效避免反应过程中杂菌的污染。此外,某些应用场景更是需要耐热性优良的特异性木聚糖酶,例如麦芽糖化和烘焙食品加工中[21−23]。研究表明,相同的基因在不同表达系统中展现的酶学性质有所差异[24–25],这可能是由于不同表达宿主会进行不同的蛋白修饰,如糖基化[26]。PtXynA在黑曲霉中表达展现出更好的热稳定性,在≤75 ℃时保持稳定,70 ℃下的半衰期达到211 min(图5)。这一特性显著优于目前已报道的多数青霉属木聚糖酶,如变异拟青霉(P. variotii)木聚糖酶在60 ℃下保持稳定[27],同属于变异拟青霉ATHUM 8891的木聚糖酶在65 ℃下保持稳定[28],铜绿拟青霉(P. aerugineus)木聚糖酶在55 ℃下保持稳定[26]。但PtXynA的热稳定性仍然低于其他几种极端嗜热菌来源木聚糖酶,如海栖热袍菌(Thermotoga maritima)耐热木聚糖酶TmXyn10B(90 ℃下保持稳定)等[29]。
PtXynA表现出严格的木聚糖底物特异性,其中对小麦阿拉伯木聚糖的比酶活力最高(1993.2 U/mg),其他依次为燕麦木聚糖(1782.5 U/mg)、榉木木聚糖(1552.0 U/mg)和桦木木聚糖(1238.7 U/mg)。该酶对其他测试的非木聚糖类底物没有显示出水解活性(表2)。
阿拉伯木聚糖由于在其分子骨架上存在大量阿拉伯糖基侧链,通常会阻碍普通木聚糖酶对其主链分子的水解,导致水解效率降低。本研究中的木聚糖酶PtXynA对小麦阿拉伯木聚糖具有较高的比酶活力。目前仅有少数木聚糖酶对阿拉伯木聚糖表现出较高的水解活性,例如毛壳霉木聚糖酶CsXynAop(1850 U/mg)[11]、镰刀菌属21(Fusarium sp.)木聚糖酶(456 U/mg)[30]和海栖热袍菌木聚糖酶(1565 U/mg)[9]。PtXynA对小麦阿拉伯木聚糖的高水解活性,使其在麦芽糖化、面包等富含阿拉伯木聚糖的食品生产中具有重要的应用潜力。
PtXynA的三维结构呈现右手半握状,由两个β-折叠片和一个α螺旋组成,是典型的GH 11家族木聚糖酶结构[2]。其催化凹槽是β-折叠片层部分扭曲从而在空间结构一侧形成的裂缝。两个位于催化凹槽内部的谷氨酸残基(Glu98和Glu190)是该酶催化活性的关键氨基酸(图6a)。
为了揭示PtXynA高阿拉伯木聚糖底物特异性的内在机制,将其结构与典型的GH 11家族木聚糖酶EnXyn11A的底物复合物结构(PDB 2vgd.1)[31]进行了叠加分析。通过比较发现,PtXynA与其他GH11家族木聚糖酶的底物结合位点上存在显著差异:PtXynA的底物结合位点可以容纳6个木糖单位(图6b),而其他大多数已报道GH 11家族木聚糖酶的底物结合位点一般仅可容纳5个木糖单位[31]。比较催化中心的高度和氨基酸序列发现,PtXynA(5.9 Å)的催化区高度明显高于EnXyn11A(4.0 Å)[32](图6c),更高的催化区域可能更有利于酶与带有侧链的木聚糖结合,进而赋予PtXynA更高的阿拉伯木聚糖催化活力。通过二者催化区域附近的氨基酸比较,可以发现EnXyn11A的三个疏水氨基酸(Val127、Ala136和IIe133)对应于PtXynA的两个亲水氨基酸(Gln144和Asp141)和一个疏水氨基酸(Tyr135)(图6d)。木聚糖酶催化区内亲水氨基酸与酶催化活性高低密切相关[33]。如Boonyapakron等[34]对木聚糖酶X11进行了随机突变,发现71位疏水性苯丙氨酸(Phe)突变为亲水性苏氨酸(Thr)后,突变酶酶活力相较野生型提高了15.9倍。
在模拟糖化条件下,PtXynA添加量在200 U/g麦芽时,麦芽汁的过滤时间降到最低,相比对照下降了43.9%,同时黏度下降了10.8%,之后随着加酶量的继续提高,麦芽汁过滤时间和黏度没有出现明显提高(表3)。
阿拉伯木聚糖是大麦胚乳细胞壁的主要成分,其较高的含量和较大的分子量会造成麦芽汁黏度升高,进而造成啤酒浑浊和颜色暗沉等不良影响[9–10]。研究表明,麦汁中阿拉伯木聚糖的浓度可达到β-葡聚糖浓度的5倍[35]。在糖化过程中添加木聚糖酶对大麦麦芽中的阿拉伯木聚糖进行部分降解,可以显著提高麦芽汁的过滤性能[36]。目前,已有一些木聚糖酶已被应用于麦芽糖化过程中。由于具有较高的小麦阿拉伯木聚糖水解活性,PtXynA在提高麦芽汁过滤效率方面要明显优于其他同类报道,如来自粘褶菌(G. trabeum)[37]、嗜松青霉C1(P. pinophilum C1)[38]和赤霉病菌属Xz-8(Achaetomium sp. Xz-8)[39]的木聚糖酶应用于麦芽糖化过程中,分别使麦芽汁过滤时间提高了31.3%、26.7%和20.2%。在降低麦芽汁黏度的效果上,PtXynA也同样优于多数已报道耐热木聚糖酶,如毛壳霉CQ31(8.6%)[11]、海栖热袍菌(8.7%)[9]和嗜松青霉木聚糖酶(9.8%)[38]。因此,PtXynA在麦芽糖化过程中具有较大的应用潜力。
本研究利用原生质体转化法成功将嗜热拟青霉耐热木聚糖酶基因PtXynA在黑曲霉中进行了异源表达。得到的重组酶为一种耐热型阿拉伯木聚糖酶,该酶的最适pH和温度分别为pH7.0和70 ℃,且在pH5.5~9.0和75 ℃以下保持稳定。该酶表现出严格的木聚糖底物特异性,其中对小麦阿拉伯木聚糖显示出最高比酶活力(1993.2 U/mg)。结构叠加分析显示,PtXynA具有更多的底物结合位点和更高的催化凹槽。将PtXynA应用于麦芽糖化工艺,当PtXynA的添加量为200 U/g时应用效果最好,麦芽汁过滤时间(43.9%)和麦芽汁黏度(10.8%)均显著降低(P<0.05),表明PtXynA在啤酒工业中具有重要的应用潜力。

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2026年第47卷第1期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024100013
  • 接收时间:2024-10-08
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-01-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-08
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    1中国农业大学工学院,北京 100083
    2中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京 100083
    3山东福洋生物科技股份有限公司,山东德州 253199

通讯作者:

闫巧娟(1971−),女,博士,教授,研究方向:生物质利用,E-mail:。
杨绍青(1980−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品酶与发酵工程,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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