Fragaria anansissa Duch fruits are characterized by thin skin, high flesh water content, and vigorous postharvest physiological metabolism, rendering them highly susceptible to mechanical damage and microbial infection during storage and transportation, which results in rapid decay and a short shelf life. To reduce losses and enhance commercial value, the development of safe and efficient preservation technologies is essential. This paper systematically reviewed recent domestic and international research on postharvest Fragaria anansissa Duch preservation, focused on physical, chemical, biological, nanomaterial-based and integrated preservation technologies,and provided an in-depth analysis of their preservation mechanisms and application effects. Physical preservation delayed fruit senescence by controlling environmental conditions to suppress metabolic processes. Chemical preservation employed exogenous chemical compounds to inhibit microorganisms and exert antioxidant effects.Biological preservation utilized naturally derived substances or antagonistic microorganisms to control pathogens and water loss. Nanomaterial-based preservation exploited the unique properties of nanomaterials-such as strong antimicrobial activity, controlled-release capability and enhanced barrier properties-to improve the efficacy of preservatives or the performance of packaging materials. Furthermore, the synergistic effects achieved by combining multiple technologies also demonstrate promising application prospects. Based on current research, future efforts should strengthen the use of multi-omics approaches to elucidate preservation mechanisms, promoted the development of novel bio-derived preservatives, and explored the application of smart responsive packaging materials, driving preservation technologies toward the integration of green, efficient and intelligent strategies. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis for research on Fragaria anansissa Duch postharvest preservation and offer scientific guidance for process optimization and industrial application.