Full
Outline
Fruit polysaccharides are pivotal bioactive components found in various tissues of fruits, including the pulp, peel and seeds. They possess multiple physiological functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,antitumor and hypoglycemic effects, establishing them as one of the natural bioactive substances with considerable development potential in the fields of functional foods and pharmaceuticals. However, there is still a lack of systematic analysis and summarization regarding the extraction techniques, biological activities, structure-activity relationships and other related aspects of fruit polysaccharides. This paper systematically elaborated on the progression of extraction techniques for fruit polysaccharides from traditional low-efficiency methods to high-efficiency and environmentally friendly approaches, reviewed the research advances in their main biological activities and mechanisms of action, and further focused on discussing the structure-activity relationships between key structural characteristics and their corresponding biological activities. In addition, the paper summarized the current applications of fruit polysaccharides in the food industry and provided an outlook on future research and industrial development directions, aiming to offer insights for further study and practical utilization of these compounds.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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