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Outline
Benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene and benzo[b]fluoranthene (collectively known as PAH4), generated during the thermal processing of oils and fats, represent significant carcinogenic contaminants.Existing research indicates that PAH4 formation primarily follows a free radical-mediated lipid thermal oxidation pathway, with its content significantly influenced by factors such as fatty acid composition, heating temperature and duration. Effective control strategies include selecting high-oleic acid oils, adding suitable antioxidants, improving heating processes and implementing end-of-pipe treatment technologies like adsorption purification. This paper aimed to systematically elucidate the intrinsic relationship between fatty acid composition and PAH4 formation during the thermal processing of oils and fats, and established a theoretical framework linking the structural characteristics of fatty acids to the formation behavior of pollutants. Future research should focus on the in-situ analysis of reaction mechanisms and the development of novel inhibitors, while integrating oil composition and processing parameters to establish a PAH4 risk-warning and process optimization system tailored for industrial production. This will provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for ensuring the quality and safety of lipid-based foods.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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