Due to wine consumption as an important part of human diet culture, the complex chemical composition of alcoholic beverages has been focused in the nutrition and medicine field. Although abuse of alcohol is severely damage to multiple organ and systems, various bioactive components in alcoholic beverages, such as polyphenols, organic acids, amino acids, and trace elements, can exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic regulatory effects when consumed in moderation. This review systematically summarized the composition characteristics of bioactive components and their health benefits in 4 major alcoholic beverages of huangjiu, wine, berr and Baijiu. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms and research evidence regarding their benefits for the cardiovascular system, nervous system, mental health and the regulation of the digestive system and gut. In addition, it critically discusses the interactions between alcohol itself and bioactive components, which would provide a scientific reference for understanding the relationship between alcoholic beverages and health.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |