Glycine max is identified as a globally significant oilseed crop, with its lipid composition and nutritional functional properties attracting considerable attention. As a high-throughput analytical method, lipidomics technology plays a vital role in Glycine max research, particularly in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of Glycine max lipid components. This paper systematically discussed the major lipid categories in Glycine max, including the compositional characteristics of glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sterols, fatty acyls and sphingolipids, alongside their pivotal roles in nutritional health and functional properties. It focused on reviewing the analytical workflow and applicable scenarios of lipidomics, while detailing its specific applications in Glycine max quality-function analysis, quality change monitoring and origin authenticity verification. Finally, analysed the challenges in applying lipidomics to Glycine max industry research. Future directions were proposed, including investigating lipid biosynthesis regulatory mechanisms, integrating multi-omics data and establishing standardised evaluation systems. These approaches aimed to enhance the high-value utilisation of Glycine max lipid resources, advance the development of functional Glycine max lipid foods and promote high-quality industrial development.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |