Full
Outline
To investigate the absorption effects of chondroitin sulfate (CS) with different molecular weights in the body and its effects on the health of knee joint cartilage.
The 50 healthy, clean-grade New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups after 3 days of adaptive feeding, namely the control group(CON), the normal-dose macromolecule group (BH), the half-dose macromolecule group (BL), the normal-dose small molecule group (SH) and the half-dose small molecule group (SL). The CON group was gavaged with normal saline and the normal dose group and the halved dose group were given gavage at doses of 0.170 g/kg and 0.085 g/kg for 7 d, respectively.
Compared with the CON group, the SH group exhibited extremely significant increases in serum and articular cartilage tissue levels of CS (P<0.01) and significant increases in collagen type-II (COL-Ⅱ)content (P<0.05), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in serum was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) levels in articular cartilage tissue were extremely significantly reduced(P<0.01). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining results showed that the chondrocytes in each CS group were evenly distributed, and there were no blood vessels or nerves in the cartilage, and no pathological changes were observed.The results of quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) revealed showed that the messenger RNA(mRNA) expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and IL-17 in the SH group were significantly decreased (P<0.05) and MMP-3 were extremely significant decreased (P<0.01) , the mRNA expression levels of collagen alpha 1 (II) chain (COL2A1) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) were both significantly increased(P<0.01) and collagen type IX alpha 1 chain (COL9A1) was significantly increased (P<0.05).
CS can promote the content of COL-II and the mRNA expression of related genes through trophic deep chondrocytes, inhibit the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and reduce the content of inflammatory factors, thereby protecting the cartilage of the rabbit knee joint. Among them, the SH group has the best effect.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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