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Outline
To understand the molecular characteristics of Salmonella in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from 2023 to 2025, and explore the relationship between serotype and sequence typing (ST), drug resistance characteristics and virulence.
The drug susceptibility test was performed by trace broth dilution method, and the serotypes, ST, drug resistance genes and virulence factors of 82 Salmonella strains were analyzed by whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis techniques, and the correlation was analyzed by combining with phylogenetic tree.
A total of 22 serotypes were identified, with Salmonella enterica (17/82,20.73%) as the predominant type; 24 ST were identified, with ST11 as the predominant type, and serotypes were highly correlated with ST. The total drug resistance rate was 93.90% (77/82), and the multi-drug resistance rate was 74.39% (61/82). The highest rate of drug resistance was to tetracycline (78.05%) and no drug resistance to 4 kinds of drugs including amikacin. The 43 kinds of drug resistance genes were detected, with golS (75.61%), blaTEM-1(42.68%), AAC(6')-Iaa (39.02%) and QnrS1 (32.93%) as the predominant genes, and the drug resistance phenotypes were largely coincident with the genotypes. A total of 40 virulence factors were detected, among which the carrying rate of virulence factors related to secretion systems was the highest.
Salmonella in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture shows high multi-drug resistance and complex drug resistance gene profile, and serotypes are closely related to their ST. Continuous monitoring of foodborne Salmonella needs to be strengthened to ensure food safety in China and guide the precise use of drugs in clinical practice.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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