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Outline
Heat-resistant Bacillus subtilis species are widely distributed throughout the food production chain and can form biofilms under environmental stress, posing significant risks to food safety and product quality. In recent years, key regulatory elements—including transcription factors Spo0A and DegU, the signaling molecules c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP, as well as the Rap-Phr quorum-sensing system and the sinR-sinI regulatory network—have been progressively elucidated, providing a theoretical basis for understanding and controlling biofilm formation in heat-resistant Bacillus subtilis. However, systematic summaries remain lacking regarding how food type, processing parameters and hygiene conditions influence bacterial adhesion, microcolony maturation and biofilm dispersal. Based on a comprehensive review of domestic and international research and integrating our team’s findings on acoustic-thermal coupling technology for biofilm removal, this study analyzed the molecular regulatory mechanisms and control strategies of biofilm formation and further explored the synergistic effects of acoustic-thermal coupling in balancing food quality preservation and energy efficiency. Future research should focus on elucidating molecular mechanisms, optimizing technological integration and constructing green prevention systems to facilitate the practical application of biofilm control technologies in the food industry.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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