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Outline
To employ ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-QE-HRMS) to systematically analyze the metabolites in Astragalus membranaceus under different dried and fresh states, explore the differences of alkaloid substances.
Differential metabolites were screened using principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, and enrichment analysis was conducted based on pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes.
Total of 4771 kinds of metabolites were identified in both dried and fresh Astragalus membranaceus, including 49 kinds of alkaloids belonging to 12 categories: Indoles, pyridines, isoquinolines, pyrrolidines, imidazoles, piperidines, purines, diterpenoids, tropanes, indolizidines, organic amines and steroids. Alkaloid compounds with significant different content were screened using the criteria of P<0.05, fold change>2 or <0.5, and variable importance in projection>1. Among these, α-calcaine was found in highercontent in fresh Astragalus membranaceus, whereas dauricine, 2-hydroxyadenine, 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine, nicotinamide, L-valine and N-oxide (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) were more abundant in the dried samples.
This study reveals the differences in alkaloid compounds between fresh and dried Astragalus membranaceus, providing a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of its bioactive alkaloid components in this medicinal herb.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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