Full
Outline
To establish a geographical origin discrimination model for Fritillaria thunbergii based on multi-element fingerprint characteristics, thereby identifying the authenticity of this medicinal and edible substance.
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique was employed to determine the content of 38 kinds of inorganic elements in 32 batches of Fritillaria thunbergii and its confusable species Fritillaria hupehensis collected from the market. Multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and Fisher linear discriminant analysis (LDA), were performed on the elemental content data.
All target elements exhibited good linearity within their respective concentration ranges (r>0.999), with spiked recoveries ranging from 81.73% to 114.85%. The preliminary distinction between Fritillaria thunbergii and Fritillaria hupehensis could be achieved through PCA, but there was some overlap in some samples. An OPLS-DA classification model was subsequently developed, with model metrics R2X=0.685, R2Y=0.858 and Q2=0.700 (all>0.5), confirming its stability and reliability.Using variable importance in projection (VIP)>1 as the cutoff, 15 kinds of differential characteristic elements were screened to distinguish the 2 kinds of species. Ratio transformation was applied to these characteristic element variables to construct a Fisher LDA model and cross-validation results showed a discrimination accuracy of 100%,indicating excellent classification performance.
The established model allows rapid and accurate differentiation between Fritillaria thunbergii and Fritillaria hupehensis and provides a scientific basis for geographical origin traceability and optimization of quality evaluation systems for Fritillaria thunbergii.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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