Full
Outline
To investigate the current contamination status of veterinary drug residues in eggs sold in Guangzhou and assess the dietary exposure risks of different age groups.
From 2017 to 2025, a total of 642 egg samples were randomly collected from farmers’ markets, conventional supermarkets, fresh food supermarkets and online stores in a total of 11 administrative districts of Guangzhou City. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect 23 kinds of veterinary drugs residues in 6 categories.Based on non-parametric probabilistic assessment method and combined with local residents’ egg consumption data,the dietary exposure risk was assessed using the hazard quotient (HQ) method.
The overall detection rate of veterinary drug residues in eggs sold in Guangzhou was 24.92% (160/642), with an overall exceedance rate of 10.28% (66/642). The top 3 veterinary drugs in terms of the detection rates were doxycycline (8.89%, 56/630),sodium pentachlorophenolate (5.72%, 27/472) and oxytetracycline (5.56%, 35/630). The top 3 veterinary drugs in terms of the exceedance rates were sodium pentachlorophenolate (5.72%, 27/472), metronidazole (2.18%, 14/642)and florfenicol (based on the sum of florfenicol and florfenicol amine, 1.79%, 10/560). Additionally, simultaneous detection and exceedance of 2 or more veterinary drug residues were found in 6.07% (39/642) and 1.87% (12/642) of the samples, respectively. The overall exceedance rate in eggs from farmers’ markets (11.24%, 19/169) was significantly higher than that from online stores (2.94%, 4/136) (P<0.05). The overall exceedance rate in bulk eggs(11.79%, 50/424) was significantly higher than that in pre-packaged eggs (6.90%, 14/203) (P=0.001). The dietary exposure assessment results showed that the HQ values for all detected veterinary drugs were far below 1, indicating that the risks were within an acceptable range. Notably, children aged 3–6 years exhibited relatively higher exposure levels and health risks, which required special attention.
The overall risk of veterinary drug residues in eggs sold in Guangzhou is controllable and the health risk of dietary exposure remains at an acceptable level. It is recommended that regulatory authorities prioritize the monitoring of veterinary drug residues in eggs sold in farmers’ markets and bulk eggs,while simultaneously strengthening education and awareness campaigns regarding the standardized use of veterinary drugs in poultry farming.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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