Dandelion is a medicinal and food plant in China, with a wide range of sources and rich nutritional and pharmacological values. Dandelion polysaccharide is one of the important functional active ingredients, and domestic and international studies have found that it has a variety of biological activities. This paper systematically reviewed the extraction and purification methods of Dandelion polysaccharides, analyzed the primary structural features of Dandelion polysaccharides, such as molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and chemical structure, and summarized and analyzed the biological activities and related mechanisms of Dandelion polysaccharides, such as antioxidant, anti-bacterial, immune regulation, hypoglycemia, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor, etc., and explored the conformational relationship between the structure of Dandelion polysaccharides and its biological activities, which is aimed to provide the basis for the deep development of Dandelion polysaccharides in food and medicine. This study aims to provide important theoretical references for the development and application of Dandelion polysaccharides in food and medicine.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |