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In recent years, with the increasing emphasis on health and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, people have gradually explored and put forward more stringent and comprehensive requirements in the analysis of the total amount and form of elements in food and medicine. Although traditional extraction methods can meet the needs of analysis to a certain extent, they often accompanied by various problems. Therefore, exploring more green, efficient and environmentally friendly element extraction technology has become an important thing. As a biocatalyst, enzyme has attracted increasing attention in the field of element extraction because of its unique advantages, such as high specificity, mild reaction conditions and environmental friendliness. Enzymatic extraction is a method that using the biochemical action of enzymes to destroy the structure of the sample and breaking the macromolecules into amino acids, so as to extract metal elements. This paper reviewed the application of enzymes in the extraction of elements in cereal foods, vegetables, traditional Chinese medicine, seafood and feed, and discussed which enzymes are suitable for different matrices, the advantages and disadvantages of enzymatic extraction methods, so as to better understand the compatibility of enzymes with different samples. It provides a reference for the future use of enzymatic extraction in the total amount and form of elements in different substances.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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