Houttuynia cordata, known as a dual-use plant for both medicine and food, contains various functional components such as flavonoids and polysaccharides. It exhibits multiple bioactivities, including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and immune-regulating effects. The mechanisms underlying its bioactivities are complex and involve the regulation of multiple biological signaling pathways. Currently, Houttuynia cordata is widely used in traditional medicine, functional foods, and cosmetics. Its diverse bioactivities and complex mechanisms suggest a broad application potential. However, further in-depth studies are necessary to elucidate its specific mechanisms of action and ensure safety, thereby promoting its applications in the fields of medicine and health care. This article reviewed the biological activity and mechanism of action of Houttuynia cordata, and summarized the current application status of Houttuynia cordata in medical and healthcare fields, in order to provide reference for further development of Houttuynia cordata.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |