Chinese sour bamboo shoot, as a traditional fermented food, is mainly made from fresh bamboo shoots through natural fermentation or inoculated fermentation. It is widely popular in Southern China due to its unique flavor and rich nutritional content. Sour bamboo shoots are rich in cellulose, vitamins, minerals, and various beneficial microorganisms, offering significant nutritional value. Their distinctive sour taste and aroma primarily originate from volatile and non-volatile compounds produced during the fermentation process, including lactic acid, acetic acid, esters, and alcohols. In recent years, with the development of modern fermentation technology, researchers have made significant progress in the selection of fermentation strains, optimization of fermentation conditions, and product quality control of sour bamboo shoots. This article reviewed the main nutritional components, flavor compounds, and the research progress of its fermentation technology, providing a theoretical basis for improving the production process of pickled bamboo shoots, enhancing product flavor quality, and achieving standardized production.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |