Cancer is one of the major diseases with the highest mortality rate in the world, and its prevention and treatment have been the focus of academic research. Tea pigments are a class of polyphenol oxidative polymers from tea leaves, which are mainly classified into theaflavins, thearubigins and theabrownins. They are rich in active phenolic hydroxyl groups and other active groups, and also have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer and other bioactive functions. In recent years, tea pigments have received more and more attention in the field of anticancer research due to their naturalness, safety and high efficiency. This paper reviewed the formation of different tea pigments and their biological activities, systematically elaborated the potential mechanisms of action on cancer cells, mainly including inhibition of cellular value-addition, induction of apoptosis, regulation of cell cycle, control of cellular signal pathways, and regulation of intestinal flora. This provides a theoretical basis for expanding the application of tea pigments in ameliorating diseases, developing functional foods and expanding industrial fields.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |