Objective To develop a rapid method for the determination of nitrofuran metabolites in aquatic products based on chitosan purification combined with ultra performance liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole/composite linear ion trap mass spectrometer. Methods The samples were hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid, derived by 2-nitrobenzaldehyde, extracted by ethyl acetate, rapidly purified by chitosan, and then concentrated and redissolved. Rapid separation was achieved by ultra performance liquid chromatography, measured by triple quadrupole/composite linear ion trap mass spectrometer, and quantified by internal standard method to achieve the rapid and accurate determination of nitrofuran metabolites residues in aquatic products. Results The 4 kinds of nitrofuran metabolites had a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.5-10.0 μg/L, the correlation coefficients were all more than 0.998, and the limit of quantification was 0.5 μg/kg. Taking carp, Scophthalmus maximus and Litopenaeus vannamei as samples, the average recovery of 4 kinds of nitrofuran metabolites at 3 different addition levels was 96.5%-116.5%, the intra-day relative standard deviation was 2.2%-9.3%, and the intra-day relative standard deviation was 2.7%-9.7%. Conclusion The method is economical, simple, efficient, sensitive and reproducible, and can be used as a routine method for the determination of 4 kinds of nitrofuran metabolites in aquatic products.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |