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Objective To analyse the types and content of metabolites in the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorus by ultra performance liquid chromatography-Quadrupole/Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS). Methods Stems and leaves of two-year-old purple flowered Platycodon grandiflorus from different sources was used as experimental materials. UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS technology was used to analyze the extracts of Platycodon grandiflorus stems and leaves in negative ion mode, using orbitrap for MS1 full scan and data dependent acquisition ion trap for MS2 scan, and screen for differential metabolites of Platycodon grandiflorum stems and leaves from different sources. Results A total of 18 metabolites were detected in the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorum, including 4 flavonoids, 2 alkynyl glycosides, and 12 saponins (1 metabolite that had not been reported). The basic structure of this unknown compound was polygalacic acid-glucose- xylose/arabic glycoside. Through comparative analysis, differences in chemical composition of Platycodon grandiflorus among different sources were discovered. The 6 differential metabolites of Platycodon grandiflorus from China and South Korea and 1 differential metabolite of Platycodon grandiflorus from Yanbian area were screened. Conclusion The comprehensive analysis results indicate that the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorus have rich chemical components, and the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorus from different sources have compound differences, which have high development and utilization prospects, providing theoretical basis for the development and utilization of aboveground resources of Platycodon grandiflorus.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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