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Outline
Contamination by foodborne pathogens is a core risk in global food safety, and the resulting food spoilage and foodborne illnesses are widely recognized as a serious threat to public health. Currently, traditional sterilization methods have certain limitations. Thermal sterilization frequently causes the loss of nutritional value and deterioration of sensory quality in heat-sensitive foods, while chemical sterilization methods are associated with potential risks of chemical residue. Consequently, these conventional methods hinder the growing consumer demand for high-quality food and the adaptation to the rapid development of the food industry. As an emerging food processing technology, cold sterilization can effectively inactivate harmful microorganisms while preserving the original nutritional value and flavor of food. Therefore, this review systematically outlined the hazards posed by common foodborne pathogens and elaborated on the inactivation mechanisms and principal advantages of 4 kinds of novel cold sterilization technologies. Furthermore, it reviewed the latest research advances in cold sterilization strategies both domestically and internationally, and compared existing and emerging sterilization technologies from multiple perspectives. Finally, this paper identified issues such as incomplete coverage and insufficient research on synergistic mechanisms in current studies, thereby providing theoretical support for microbial control in the food industry and the industrialization of these technologies.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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