Full
Outline
To establish an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of forchlorfenuron and its metabolites, including 2-hydroxy-forchlorfenuron, 3-hydroxy-forchlorfenuron and 4-hydroxy-forchlorfenuron, in Actinidia chinensis Planch by QuEChERS-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS).
The chromatographic-mass spectrometric conditions, including mobile phase, cone voltage and collision energy, as well as sample pretreatment procedures were optimized. Acetonitrile was used as the extraction solvent, followed by dehydration and salting-out with 5 g anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 1 g sodium chloride, and purification with a QuEChERS solid-phase extraction cartridge. The target analytes were simultaneously determined by HPLC-MS/MS and quantified using the matrix-matched external standard method.
Forchlorfenuron and the 3 kinds of metabolites showed good linearity in the range of 0–1.000 mg/L, with correlation coefficients (r) not lower than 0.995. The limits of detection and limits of quantitation were 0.0005 mg/kg and 0.002 mg/kg, respectively, indicating higher sensitivity than comparable methods. The average spiked recoveries ranged from 82.1% to 112.0%, with relative standard deviations of 0.4%–6.4%, demonstrating good accuracy and precision. The established method was applied to actual Actinidia chinensis Planch samples treated with forchlorfenuron. In Actinidia chinensis Planch samples treated with 20 mg/L forchlorfenuron, the parent compound and all 3 kinds of hydroxylated metabolites were successfully detected.
The established method is simple, rapid and accurate, and is suitable for the simultaneous determination and residue monitoring of forchlorfenuron and its hydroxylated metabolites in Actinidia chinensis Planch. It also provides a more comprehensive technical basis for dietary risk assessment of related compounds.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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