Full
Outline
To analyze the genomic epidemiological characteristics, antimicrobial resistance mechanisms and cross-sector transmission risks of the Salmonella Kentucky ST198 lineage in Yangzhou from 2019 to 2025 based on the “One Health” framework.
Salmonella Kentucky isolates were recovered from clinical patients, retail foods, healthy food handlers and sewage in Yangzhou. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics tools were utilized to identify ST, resistance genes and plasmid structures. A phylogenetic tree based on core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms was constructed to evaluate the genetic relationships among isolates from different sources.
Among 23 ST198 isolates,ST198.2-2 was identified as the predominant subtype. ST198.2-2 isolates typically harbored blaCTX-M-55, tet(A),genes. Notably, a novel IncFIB(K) plasmid carrying 8 kinds of resistance genes, including qnrS2, was first identified in an ST198.2-1 isolate. Phylogenetic analysis that food isolates and clinical case strains were highly clustered at the core genomic level, suggesting the possibility of foodborne transmission. The rmtB gene was detected in strains derived from health practitioners, suggesting that this group mought constitute a hidden drug resistance pool.
The ST198.2-2 subtype has become the dominant lineage in Yangzhou, presenting severe drug fast challenges. Animal-derived food serves as the primary infection route, while occupational carriers and sewage facilitate the environmental dissemination of resistance determinants. An integrated surveillance system covering the“farm-to-fork” chain, with specific focus on healthy food handlers, is urgently recommended.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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