Full
Outline
To investigate and analyze the pollution status of 6 kinds of elements (lead, chromium,mercury, arsenic, cadmium, zinc) in vegetables from markets in Hebei Province from 2022 to 2024, and to evaluate exposure risks for different populations.
The 1330 vegetable samples (12 kinds of) were tested for multi-elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Test results were statistical analyzed.The risks of exposure of multi-elements for vegetable-consuming populations, including those aged 2 to 3, 4 to 6, 7 to 10, 11 to 17, 18 to 29, 30 to 44, 45 to 59, 60 to 69 and 70 above, were evaluated via methods combined with Nemerow pollution index method, target hazard quotient method, total target hazard quotient method and carcinogenic risk index method.
The detection rates of cadmium, chromium and zinc were all above 50%,with zinc having the highest detection rate of 95.1% and mercury the lowest of 11.6%; among all samples, the highest detected aoumut of zinc content was 15.5 mg/kg; among 12 kinds of vegetable samples, Chinese chives had the highest comprehensive pollution index of 0.254; chromium had highest target hazard quotient value and carcinogenic level, which should be continuously monitored.
The pollution status of multi-elements in vegetables from markets is at a safe level. The overall exposure for multi-elements through vegetable intake is not high, with low health risks and no threats to physical health. However, since the weights of children affect the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks more than the weights of adults, the assessment results such as element exposure levels,integrated target hazard quotient values, and carcinogenic risk for the younger age group (2–6 years) differ from those of other age groups, which should be focused on.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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