Triarrhena lutarioriparius shoots is the tender young stem of Triarrhena lutarioriparius, an endemic plant species native to China. It boasts abundant nutritional value, characterized by high dietary fiber, low fat, and a high-potassium and low-sodium profile. As a traditional wild aquatic vegetable in the Dongting Lake region, it enjoys wide popularity among local residents. The Triarrhena lutarioriparius shoots industry serves as the leading “one county, one specialty” industry in Yuanjiang City, Hunan Province. Nevertheless, its further development has long been hampered by bottlenecks including a short harvesting period, poor storability and backward processing technologies. To effectively boost the development momentum of the industry and promote the transformation and upgrading of the Triarrhena lutarioriparius shoots food industry, this review analyzed and discussed the basic nutritional components of Triarrhena lutarioriparius shoots, such as carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, mineral elements and dietary fiber. It focused on functional components including polyphenols, flavonoids and xylooligosaccharides as well as their biological activities, and conducted in-depth dissection of intensive product processing, functional component extraction and comprehensive by-product utilization, thereby establishing a relatively systematic research framework. This review can provide theoretical support and technical pathways for the high-value utilization and industrial development of Triarrhena lutarioriparius shoots resources, and facilitate the sound and high-quality development of the Triarrhena lutarioriparius shoots industry.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |