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Outline
To investigate the differences in fruit quality of late-ripening Litchi chinensis Sonn. from different producing areas in Sichuan Province and identify their unique quality indicators.
The main cultivar of Litchi chinensis Sonn. (Dahongpao) from 3 production areas (Hejiang County in Luzhou, Shizhong District in Leshan and Xuzhou District in Yibin) was used as the research object. The differences of single fruit weight, edible rate and soluble solid content were analyzed. Volatile aroma components of Litchi chinensis Sonn. fruit samples were collected using gas chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectromety and combined this with unsupervised principal component analysis to examine the aromatic differences among Litchi chinensis Sonn.from different production areas.
The average fruit weight of late-maturing Litchi chinensis Sonn. produced in Sichuan met national standards for fresh Litchi chinensis Sonn., with an average edible flesh ratio of approximately(72.00±0.86)% and the soluble solids content of (17.39±0.18)%. Among the 3 origins, Leshan Litchi chinensis Sonn.had higher fruit weight, edible rate and soluble solid content than those from Luzhou and Yibin. Aroma analysis detected 79 kinds of volatile compounds, dominated by woody notes, supplemented by floral and fruity aromas.Leshan had the richest variety of aroma types, while Yibin had the fewest types but higher content levels. Principal component analysis based on aroma components showed that Luzhou and Yibin Litchi chinensis Sonn. could be clearly distinguished, whereas Leshan Litchi chinensis Sonn. showed similarities to both. Odor activity value analysis further revealed 20 kinds of key aroma compounds common to all 3 areas. Luzhou Litchi chinensis Sonn. were characterized mainly by fruity, lemon and floral notes; Leshan Litchi chinensis Sonn. were prominent in citrus, herbal and woody notes; Yibin Litchi chinensis Sonn. possessed unique rose and pinewood notes, with ethyl nonanoate as its characteristic component.
Distinct differences in both basic quality and aroma characteristics are found among late-ripening Litchi chinensis Sonn. from different producing areas within Sichuan Province, which can provide a data basis for cultivar optimization and characteristic product development of local Litchi chinensis Sonn..
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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