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Outline
To explore the content of multiple elements in Ziziphus jujuba leaf tea and evaluate its nutritional characteristics and heavy metal contamination risk.
Commercially available Ziziphus jujuba leaf tea samples from 7 major production areas were subjected to microwave digestion pretreatment. The content of 15 kinds of elements (K, Ca, Fe, Na, Mn, Sr, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, As, Se, Cd, Hg) were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). Pollution assessment and health risk evaluation for 6 kinds of heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Pb, As, Cd, Hg) were conducted using the single factor pollution index method, the Nemerow multi-factor composite index method and the target hazard quotient method.
The average content order of the 15 kinds of elements in Ziziphus jujuba leaf tea was K>Ca>Fe>Na>Mn>Sr>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Pb>As>Se>Cd>Hg.The content of K, Ca and Fe were relatively high, respectively, with these 3 kinds of elements accounting for 97.9% of the total measured element content. Furthermore, the element content in samples from different production areas generally showed regional differences (P<0.05). The content of the 6 kinds of heavy metals did not exceed the limits specified in GB 2762—2022 National food safety standard-Maximum levels of pollutants in foods. The single factor pollution indexes were all below 0.6, the Nemerow comprehensive pollution indexes were all below 0.7, and the target hazard quotients and total hazard index were all less than 1.
Under the evaluation model of this study, the heavy metal pollution level in commercially available Ziziphus jujuba leaf tea is low, and the associated health risks to humans are within an acceptable range.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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