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Outline
As an emerging discipline, synthetic biology has gradually been introduced into the industrial sector.Moreover, the synthetic biology industry has become an innovation highland in the food industry and is currently one of the industries that best reflects the core competitiveness of countries around the world. The production process of synthetic biology differs from traditional physical separation and chemical synthesis, using various microbial cells as the chassis to efficiently produce target products in a ‘cell factory’. Therefore, the characteristics of its production process pose relatively high requirements for the supervision of its edible safety, and risk control cannot be ignored.At present, global attention is focusing on the health risks of synthetic biological foods. Key international and regional regulatory bodies, including the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), as well as food safety authorities in Europe, the Americas and China, are leading efforts in formulating relevant regulations. This paper systematically reviewed the regulatory status and risk assessment requirements for synthetic biological foods of key international organizations, countries and regions, such as the CAC, the United States and the European Union. It comparatively analysed their similarities and differences in the key points for risk assessment. This review proposed reasonable suggestions for the risk assessment and supervision of the food safety of such foods in China. This study aimed to serve as a further reference for enhancing the safety risk management of biosynthetic three new foods in China.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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