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Research progress on grayanotoxins in honey
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Liang-Zi WANG1, 2, Su-Mei YE3, Qin ZHANG4, Li HAN1, 2, *
Journal of Food Safety & Quality | 2026, 17(5) : 296 - 303
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Journal of Food Safety & Quality | 2026, 17(5): 296-303
• Food Safety Supervision and Management •
Research progress on grayanotoxins in honey
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Liang-Zi WANG1, 2, Su-Mei YE3, Qin ZHANG4, Li HAN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Shanghai Customs Animal, Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Shanghai 200135, China
  • 2.Shanghai Entry and Exit Food and Feed Safety Professional Service Platform, Shanghai 200135, China
  • 3.Shanghai Information Technology College, Shanghai 200331, China
  • 4.Kashgar Customs Technology Center,Kashgar 844199, China
doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250925007
Outline
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To comprehensively understand the source, characteristics, poisoning mechanism, detection methods,standards and regulations, and distribution in different honeys of grayanotoxins (GTXs) in honey, this paper performed a comparative analysis on the following aspects: The botanical origins of GTXs in honey; their chemical structures and fragmentation pathways in mass spectrometry; their concentration distributions across various honey types; the toxicological mechanisms and potential pharmacological activities of GTXs; the differences in detection methods for GTXs in honey; and the current relevant standards and regulations established by different countries.Through reviewing the literature on GTXs in honey, it is found that the regulation of GTXs in honey is currently insufficient, commercial GTXs standards are scarce, and the number of toxins covered by existing detection methods is limited. This review is intended to serve as a reference for understanding the characteristics of GTXs, assessing their distribution in different honeys, improving public health safety, and promoting the commercialization of more GTXs reference standards and the development of related regulations.

honey  /  grayanotoxins  /  standards and regulations
王粮子, 叶素梅, 张琴, 韩丽. 蜂蜜中木藜芦烷类毒素的研究进展. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2026 , 17 (5) : 296 -303 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250925007
Liang-Zi WANG, Su-Mei YE, Qin ZHANG, Li HAN. Research progress on grayanotoxins in honey[J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2026 , 17 (5) : 296 -303 . DOI: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250925007
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Year 2026 volume 17 Issue 5
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doi: 10.19812/j.cnki.jfsq11-5956/ts.20250925007
  • Receive Date：2025-09-25
  • Online Date：2026-11-05
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  • Received：2025-09-25
Funding
Affiliations
    1.Shanghai Customs Animal, Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Shanghai 200135, China
    2.Shanghai Entry and Exit Food and Feed Safety Professional Service Platform, Shanghai 200135, China
    3.Shanghai Information Technology College, Shanghai 200331, China
    4.Kashgar Customs Technology Center,Kashgar 844199, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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