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Outline
To investigate the differences in chemical composition, spectral characteristics, microscopic morphology and antioxidant activity of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds from Thailand (A), Shangqiu Henan (B), Land Port Campus of Xinjiang Agricultural University (C) and the medicinal herb planting base of Hotan University (D).
Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to determine the content differences of the main components in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds. Structural characteristics were analyzed using ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy, as well as scanning electron microscopy. In vitro antioxidant experiments were performed to measure the scavenging capacity against 1, 1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) radical, OH radical and 2, 2’-biazo-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cationic radical, providing a comprehensive assessment of their antioxidant activity.
The chemical composition of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds from the 4 kinds of sources varied. The highest content of polysaccharides, saponins, proteins, flavonoids, oils and moisture were 3.89%(B), 1.02% (C), 23.66% (D), 8.81% (A), 7.54% (C) and 8.62% (B), respectively. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis revealed the highest weight percentages of the main elements as follows: C (72.36%, D), O (43.87%, A), N(10.25%, C), P (2.01%, C), K (3.33%, B), S (0.6%, C), Cl (0.33%, B), Na (0.39%, B) and Mg (0.25%, C). Scanning electron microscopy morphology analysis indicated significant microscopic structural differences in the water and ethanol extracts of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds from different sources. The half-maximal scavenging concentration of the water and ethanol extracts against DPPH radical, OH radical and ABTS cationic radical were as follows: Water extracts: 0.23–0.41, 0.65–3.72 and 0.24–0.35 mg/mL, ethanol extracts: 1.77–3.65, 0.16–4.93 and 0.76–1.68 mg/mL, respectively, demonstrating a clear dose-response relationship.
Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds from the 4 kinds of origins primarily contain polysaccharides, saponins, proteins, flavonoids, oils and other components, as well as elements such as C, O, N, P, K, S, Cl, Na and Mg. Principal component analysis comprehensively evaluate that Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds from Urumqi, Xinjiang, exhibite relatively superior overall quality and demonstrated good antioxidant activity.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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