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Objective To explore the distribution of metal elements in honeycomb and the potential food safety risks. Methods In this study, flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the content of Cd, Fe, Cr, Mg, Zn, Cu, Mn and Pb in 7 parts (nest membrane, nest column, nest wall, whole nest, adult bee, nest bottom, pupae) of honeycomb samples collected from Yunnan, Guangdong and Guangxi. Results The standard curves exhibited excellent linearity with correlation coefficients (r²)≥0.993, and the method sensitivity met trace detection requirements (limits of detection: 0.002-0.010 mg/kg). Significant differences in metal content was observed among different parts of the honeycombs (P<0.05), with the average concentrations ranked as Mg (0.97 mg/kg)> Zn (0.15 mg/kg)>Mn (0.051 mg/kg)>Cu (0.0385 mg/kg)>Fe (0.02 mg/kg) >Cd (0.0060 mg/kg)>Pb (0.00027 mg/kg)> Cr (0.00003 mg/kg). The distributions of Cd, Fe, Mg, Zn, Cu and Mn showed significant variations across parts (P<0.05), whereas Cr and Pb exhibited no significant differences (P>0.05). The results suggestted that the distribution of essential elements (Mg and Zn) was closely associated with the biological functions of honeycombs, while the localized accumulation of Cd and Pb might reflect environmental contamination. Conclusion This study systematically reveals the spatial distribution characteristics of metal elements in honeycombs, providing a scientific foundation for quality control of bee products and traceability of environmental pollutants.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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