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Objective To grasp the distribution and epidemic characteristics of the pathogen spectrum of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District, Beijing. Methods From 2018 to 2023, stool samples were collected from patients with foodborne diseases in two sentinel hospitals in Yanqing District of Beijing to isolate and culture intestinal pathogens and detect norovirus nucleic acid, and the test results were analyzed. Results From 2018 to 2023, a total of 1644 case samples were collected, and 285 pathogen strains were detected, with a total detection rate of 17.34%. The composition ratio of the pathogen spectrum from high to low was as follows: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli 41.40%, norovirus 22.11%, Salmonella 16.49%, Campylobacter 15.44%, Vibrio parahaemolyticus 4.21%, Vibrio vulnificus 0.35%, and Shigella was not detected. A total of 270 infected cases were detected, with a mixed infection rate of 5.56%. The pathogen spectrum had annual variation characteristics. The peak detection period for bacterial foodborne diseases was summer and autumn, while norovirus was detected throughout the year. The male-to-female ratio was 1.26:1. The high-risk group was the 25-<45 age group. Among occupations, the infection rate was highest among cadres and staff. Among them, the detection rates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and norovirus were the highest among cadres and staff, while the detection rate of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was the highest among catering and food industry personnel. The suspected exposure foods causing the highest to lowest positive rates of pathogens were beverages and frozen desserts, meat and meat products and other foods. Among them, aquatic animals and their products had the highest detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, beverages and frozen desserts had the highest detection rate of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, and unknown foods had the highest detection rate of norovirus. Conclusion The pathogen spectrum of foodborne diseases in Yanqing District of Beijing from 2018 to 2023 has regional characteristics. The prevention of foodborne diseases cause by consumption of beverages and frozen beverages, aquatic animals and their products, meat and meat products in people aged 25-<45 years in summer and autumn, and the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus should be focused on monitoring, so as to provide scientific basis for public health decision-making in this area, protect the people’s rights and interests in health.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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