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Objective To evaluate the nutritional composition and quality of Apostichopus japonicus body walls under different breeding models. Methods The nutritional components of Apostichopus japonicus body walls under natural growth, industrial cultivation, pond cultivation, bottom-sowing proliferation, enclosure cultivation, and cage cultivation in the Yantai Region were analyzed and compared. These components included moisture, protein, fat, polysaccharides, saponins, taurine, amino acids, fatty acids and mineral elements. Results Under 6 kinds of breeding methods, the natural growth protein and saturated fatty acid content were the highest, the taurine content was higher, and there were also high levels of essential amino acids and amino acid ratios; bottom propagation had higher levels of calcium, zinc and selenium in terms of mineral elements, with the lowest levels of potassium and magnesium. It had a better flavor and the highest levels of medicinal and flavor amino acids; the fat content, taurine content, total amino acid content, essential amino acid proportion, and unsaturated fatty acid content were the highest in cofferdam aquaculture; the content of Apostichopus japonicus in net cage aquaculture was the highest; pond aquaculture had the highest content of water, calcium and sea cucumber polysaccharides, but the lowest content of various components such as Apostichopus japonicus; the overall composition of factory farming was relatively low, with the lowest content of various components such as polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conclusion In the Yantai Region, under different breeding methods, there are obvious differences in the nutritional and functional components of the body wall of Apostichopus japonicus. The quality of natural growth, bottom-sowing proliferation, enclosure cultivation and cage cultivation is superior to that of industrial cultivation. The results of this study partially improve the evaluation of the nutritional quality of Apostichopus japonicus in the Yantai Region, provide data support for the processing and purchase of Apostichopus japonicus, and serve as a reference for the development of the Apostichopus japonicus industry.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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