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Objective To explore the mineral element differences in different visceral by-products of Simmental beef cattle in Ningxia. Methods Using post-slaughter by-products from Ningxia Simmental cattle (beef heart, beef liver, beef tripe, beef intestines) as the research subject, the content differences of 42 kinds of mineral elements in the 4 kinds of by-products were detected and analyzed. And verified through discriminant analysis. Results The results indicated that there were significant differences in the content of 38 kinds of and 41 kinds of mineral elements respectively in the 4 kinds of beef cattle by-products from Guyuan and Wuzhong regions (P>0.05). The content of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr in all beef cattle by-products is below the limit standards. Beef tripe has a strong adsorption and accumulation effect on heavy metals such as Ni and Cr, rare earth elements Eu, Gd, Nd and Sm, as well as other elements included Nb, Sb and Sn; beef liver had a strong absorption and enrichment effect on heavy metals like Cd, trace elements Cu and Mo. Based on mineral elements, effective differentiation of various by-products and samples from different origins could be achieved. Selected Cs, Na, Li, Cd, Tl, Rb, Cr, U, Pt, Ta, Co, Sc, Mo, Ni, Zn, Ir, Sn and Fe as the key characteristic elements for distinguishing between cow stomach, cow liver, cow heart, and cow intestine. Eleven key elements had been identified to distinguish the origin of beef by-products from Guyuan and Wuzhong, included Cs, Cr, Rb, As, Sn, Nb, Ni, Li, Sb, Ti and Hg. Conclusion Beef by-products have their own elemental characteristics, and different by-products and samples from different origins can be effectively distinguished by the content of mineral elements. The research findings will help establish a quality database for beef by-products, providing data support for the development of new products by enterprises.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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