At present, the demand for acaricides in agricultural production in China ranks second only to insecticides. As an important chemical pollutant affecting the safety of agricultural products, acaricides, represented by heterocyclic compounds, have relatively stable structures, long half lives, are not easily degraded, and are more likely to remain on the surface or inside of food, causing serious food safety problems. The development of economically effective detection methods for heterocyclic acaricides has become a current research trend, which is of great significance for ensuring the safety of public vegetable baskets, promoting green ecological agriculture, and advancing high-quality agricultural development. Immunoassay methods are widely used in the field of pesticide residue detection due to their fast, simple, efficient, and sensitive characteristics. This paper reviewed the research progress of immunological analysis methods for heterocyclic acaricides pesticides from the aspects of synthesis of haptens, preparation of antibodies, and their detection applications in agricultural product matrices, analyzed the challenges and future development prospects of immunoassay methods, which have certain reference value for the detection of heterocyclic acaricides residues.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |