Objective To establish a method based on real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of the genus Cipangopaludina and Bellamya, and identify the snail-derived ingredients in the meat soup package of river snail rice noodle. Methods Specific primers and probes were designed using mitochondrial genes from the genera Cipangopaludina and Bellamya, respectively. The effectiveness of the established real-time fluorescence PCR method was evaluated for its specificity, sensitivity and repeatability. Results The real-time fluorescence PCR identification method developed in our study exhibited strong specificity, detecting fluorescence signals only in the designated channel for the DNA of the Cipangopaludina and Bellamya, with typical amplification curves observed. No fluorescence signals were detected in the designated channel for the genomic DNA of various heterogeneous animals and plants, including aquatic products, poultry, livestock, and spice and seasoning raw materials, with no observable amplification curves. The method demonstrated sensitivity as low as 0.002 ng/μL for Cipangopaludina and 0.001 ng/μL for Bellamya. The method was employed to analyze DNA extracted from snail meat soup packets in 21 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle across various brands in supermarket distribution. In 7 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, Cipangopaludina components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, representing 33.3%. In 18 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, Bellamya components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, representing 85.7%. In 3 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, neither Cipangopaludina and Bellamya components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, accounting for 14.3%. In 7 batches of prepackaged river snail rice noodle from different brands, both Cipangopaludina and Bellamya components were detected in the DNA of the snail meat soup packets, representing 33.3%. Conclusion This method boasts strong specificity and high sensitivity, effectively identifying snail-derived components in snail meat soup packets of river snail rice noodle, thereby providing robust technical support for market regulation.