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Objective To investigate the neurobehavioral effects of fumonisin and hydrolyzed fumonisin in zebrafish under sub-lethal concentrations (9-270 mg/L). Methods Using Danio rerio as test organism, their spontaneous swimming distance and speed, and their locomotor activity under light-dark stimulation, as well as their distribution in different color areas of the cross maze were recorded by a behavioral toxicity recorder, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The spontaneous locomotor activity of Danio rerio was significantly decreased after exposure in high concentration of fumonisin (79 mg/L), with a decrease of 70% in total movement distance and average swimming speed. In contrast, after exposure in low concentration of hydrolyzed fumonisin (30 mg/L), the spontaneous locomotor activity was significantly enhanced, with an increase of 130% or more of respective indicators. Fumonisin at subacute concentrations did not significantly affect the light-dark response ability of Danio rerio, but the hydrolyzed form of fumonisin showed a promoting effect at low concentrations and an inhibitory effect at high concentrations. After exposure to fumonisin or its hydrolyzed form, the preference of Danio rerio for blue and their avoidance of yellow and green were both weakened. Conclusion The neurobehavior of Danio rerio is more sensitive to hydrolyzed fumonisin than to its prototype. Using low amount of test compounds, and being fast and visual, neurobehavioral study of Danio rerio is a suitable tool for the early stage toxicity screening of emerging toxicants (e.g. masked mycotoxins).
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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