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Objective To optimize the preparation process of Brassica rapa L. polysaccharide oral liquid and test its quality. Methods Graded alcohol precipitation was used to study the yield of crude polysaccharides of Brassica rapa L. at different ethanol concentrations. The optimal formulation of oral solution of Brassica rapa L. polysaccharide was screened by one-way and orthogonal tests, and the quality was tested according to the pharmacopoeia. Results The extraction rates of crude polysaccharide from Brassica rapa L. were 12.8%, 9.2%, 23.2% and 24.8% for the alcohol precipitation group with ethanol concentration of 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%, respectively. The optimal preparation process conditions of oral solution of Brassica rapa L. refined polysaccharide were: 2% addition of Brassica rapa L. crude polysaccharide, 15% addition of honey, 0.6% addition of citric acid and 0.6% addition of sodium citrate. The best preparation process conditions for oral liquid of Brassica rapa L. crude polysaccharide were: 2% addition of Brassica rapa L. crude polysaccharide, 15% addition of honey, 0.6% addition of citric acid, 0.6% addition of sodium citrate. The pH of the oral solution of refined polysaccharide of Brassica rapa L. and the oral solution of crude polysaccharide of Brassica rapa L. were 4-5. The relative density of the oral solution of refined polysaccharide of Brassica rapa L. was 1.106 g/mL. The relative density of the oral solution of crude polysaccharide of Brassica rapa L. was 1.100 g/mL. Conclusion The optimal preparation process conditions for refined polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L. and crude polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L. are the same, but the taste, odor, and appearance of the former are superior to those of crude polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L.. However, the extraction process for refined polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L. is slightly more complex and not suitable for mass production in factories.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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